Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024.
World J Methodol. Dec 20, 2024; 14(4): 93461
Published online Dec 20, 2024. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v14.i4.93461
Table 1 Summary of the molecular imaging in gastrointestinal cancers
Imaging modalities
Diagnosis
Staging
Prognosis/survival
Metastasis
Recurrence
RtT
LiverPET18F-FDG-PET-CTIndependent prognostic factor
11C-acetate vs 18F-FDG-PETDual-tracer PET had better sensitivity and specificity vs FDG PET aloneDual-tracer PET-CT was superior in staging vs contrast CT18 F-FDG PET-CT has higherDual-tracer can predict recurrence after TACE
Choline vs 18F-FDG PET-CT
11C-choline vs. 18F-FDG PET-CTDual-tracer had higher sensitivity compared w/each one aloneDual-tracer had better prognostic value compared w/each one aloneDual- tracer was a better tool for selecting patients for resection or LT
68Ga-FAPI PET-CT vs 18F-FDG PET-CT68Ga-FAPI PET-CT is more sensitive vs 18F-FDG PET-CT
18F-FAPI PET-CT vs. 18F-FDG PETCT18F-FAPI PET-CT was superior18F-FAPI PET-CT was superior18F-FAPI PET/CT was superior in lymph node metastasis
vs. distant metastasis		18F-FAPI PET-CT was superior for local recurrence
68Ga-LNC1007 vs 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG PET-CT68Ga-LNC1007 PET-CT was superior68Ga-LNC1007 was superior in skeletal metastases, and peritoneal metastases
MRIDWIUse in stagingDetermining response after CT-guided HDR- B
DWI vs DCE MRICan evaluate responses to radiotherapy
ColorectalPET18F-FDG PET/CTCould predict the prognosis
Dual-time-point 18F-FDG PET/CT could liver metastasis
68Ga-FAPI PET/CT vs 18F-FDG PET/CT68Ga-FAPI PET/CT was superior68Ga-FAPI PET/CT was superior
Ga-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT vs FDG PET/CTGa-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT was superiorGa-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT was superior
MRIWhole body DWI/MRI vs CTWB-DWI/MRI significantly outperformed CT
Whole body DWI/MRICould improve diagnostic accuracy
FDG-PET/CT vs MRI vs CTMRI had highest sensitivity in detecting liver metastasis
SPECT99mTc-MAA SPECT/CTCould detect liver metastasis
PancreasPETFDG-PETCould predict RtT
FDG-PET (CT) vs CA-19-9FDG-PET was univariate preoperative predictor of OSFDG-PET was superior in predicting pathologic treatment response
FDG-PET/CT was superior in diagnosis
FDG-PET/CTIndependent prognostic factor of PFS and OS
Could predict prognosis
Independent prognostic values for OS
FDG-PET/CT and ceCTEqual potential in DiagnosingFDG-PET/CT was superior in metastasis detection
ceCT was superior at nodal stagingFDG-PET/CT was superior
F-FDG PET/CT was superiorF-FDG PET/CT was superior in predicting LN metastasis
FDG-PET/CT was superior
FDG-PET/CT and FDG-PET/MREqual diagnostic performance
18F-FDG PET/MR was superior in TNM staging18F-FDG PET/MR was superior in liver metastasis
FDG-PET/CT vs EUSEUS was superior in detection of locoregional and isolated locoregional recurrences
68Ga-FAPI PET/CT vs ceCT68Ga-FAPI PET/CT was superior
FAPI PET/(CT) vs18F-FDG PET/CTEquivalent detection abilityAl18F-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT was superior in TNM staging
68Ga-FAPI PET was superior in diagnosis
Ga-FAPI PET/CT superiorGa-FAPI PET/CT was superiorGa-FAPI PET/CT superior
FDG-PET/CT vs CA19-9Both potent predictors for determining the lymph node status
EsophagusSPECTC-Met targeted fluorescence molecular endoscopyIt did not improve endoscopy
99mTc-3PRGD2 SPEC vs [18F] FDG PET/CTSPECT was superiorSPECT was superiorFDG-PET/CT was superior
99mTc-3PRGD2 SPEC vs CTSPECT was superior
PET18F-FDG PET/CTShowed prognostic ability
Could identify interval metastasis
Could predict prognosisCould predict recurrence
Could predict recurrence
Could predict prognosis
68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CTCould predict lymph node metastasis
[68Ga] Pentixafor-PET/CT vs (FDG)-PET/CT[68Ga] Pentixafor-PET/CT can be complementary to (FDG)-PET/CT[68Ga] Pentixafor-PET/CT can be complementary to (FDG)-PET/CT
MRICT vs MRI vs EUSMRI had better diagnostic performance for tumor staging
DW-MRICould predict pathologic complete response
DCE-MRICould predict response to treatment
FDG-PET/CT vs DWI-MRIDWI-MRI was independent prognostic factorDWI-MRI was superior in predicting lymph node metastasis
StomachPETFAPI PET/CT vs FDG PET/CTFAPI PET/CT is more effective than FDG PET/CT
TNM: Tumor-node-metastasis; PFS: Progression-free survival; FDG: Fluorodeoxyglucose; PET: Positron emission tomography; CT: Computed tomography; DWI-MRI: Diffusion-weighted imaging magnetic resonance imaging; DCE: Dynamic contrast-enhanced; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; SPECT: Single photon emission computed tomography; TACE: Transarterial chemoembolization; CCRT: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy; OS: Overall survival.