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This Arduino code implements a metal detector using a pulse generator, capacitor, and analog reader. It takes 256 analog readings from the capacitor after each pulse is applied, calculates the sum, and compares it to an expected average value to detect differences indicating metal. If a difference is detected, an LED lights and a buzzer sounds at different frequencies depending on the detected metal.

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Getulio Araujo
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Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views

Code

This Arduino code implements a metal detector using a pulse generator, capacitor, and analog reader. It takes 256 analog readings from the capacitor after each pulse is applied, calculates the sum, and compares it to an expected average value to detect differences indicating metal. If a difference is detected, an LED lights and a buzzer sounds at different frequencies depending on the detected metal.

Uploaded by

Getulio Araujo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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/*

Metal Detector Arduino Code

www.circuitdigest.com

*/
#define capPin A5
#define buz 9
#define pulsePin A4
#define led 10
long sumExpect=0; //running sum of 64 sums
long ignor=0; //number of ignored sums
long diff=0; //difference between sum and avgsum
long pTime=0;
long buzPeriod=0;
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(pulsePin, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(pulsePin, LOW);
pinMode(capPin, INPUT);
pinMode(buz, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(buz, LOW);
pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
}
void loop()
{
int minval=1023;
int maxval=0;
long unsigned int sum=0;
for (int i=0; i<256; i++)
{
//reset the capacitor
pinMode(capPin,OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(capPin,LOW);
delayMicroseconds(20);
pinMode(capPin,INPUT);
applyPulses();
//read the charge of capacitor
int val = analogRead(capPin); //takes 13x8=104 microseconds
minval = min(val,minval);
maxval = max(val,maxval);
sum+=val;
long unsigned int cTime=millis();
char buzState=0;
if (cTime<pTime+10)
{
if (diff>0)
buzState=1;
else if(diff<0)
buzState=2;
}
if (cTime>pTime+buzPeriod)
{
if (diff>0)
buzState=1;
else if (diff<0)
buzState=2;
pTime=cTime;
}
if (buzPeriod>300)
buzState=0;
if (buzState==0)
{
digitalWrite(led, LOW);
noTone(buz);
}
else if (buzState==1)
{
tone(buz,2000);
digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
}
else if (buzState==2)
{
tone(buz,500);
digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
}
}
//subtract minimum and maximum value to remove spikes
sum-=minval;
sum-=maxval;
if (sumExpect==0)
sumExpect=sum<<6; //set sumExpect to expected value
long int avgsum=(sumExpect+32)>>6;
diff=sum-avgsum;
if (abs(diff)<avgsum>>10)
{
sumExpect=sumExpect+sum-avgsum;
ignor=0;
}
else
ignor++;
if (ignor>64)
{
sumExpect=sum<<6;
ignor=0;
}
if (diff==0)
buzPeriod=1000000;
else
buzPeriod=avgsum/(2*abs(diff));
}
void applyPulses()
{
for (int i=0;i<3;i++)
{
digitalWrite(pulsePin,HIGH); //take 3.5 uS
delayMicroseconds(3);
digitalWrite(pulsePin,LOW); //take 3.5 uS
delayMicroseconds(3);
}
}

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