jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh; fo|ky;

LdkmV@xkbM jkT; izf’k{k.k dsUnz] txriqjk ¶ykbZvkWoj ds ikl]

txriqjk] t;iqj
[email protected] nwjHkk"k 0141&2973131] 9784412094
izos'k gsrq vkosnu izi=
lHkh lwpukvksa dks iwjk djsa %&
fuEu nLrkost layXu djsa izos'k gsrq p;u gksus ij
• 2 ikliksVZ vkdkj dh QksVks
• ekrk&firk ds vkbZ Mh lR;kfir izfrfyfi 1. fiNys Ldwy ls Ldwy NksM+us dk
• Nk= ds vk/kkj dkMZ dh izfr izek.k i=
• dc dk vuqHko izek.k i= 2. vekur jkf’k &
• Nk= ds tUe izek.k i= dh lR;kfir izfr
• fiNys Ldwy ds 'kSf{kd fjiksVZ lkekU;@vkschlh& 10]000-00
• fo’ks"k dkS’ky@;ksX;rk laca/kh izek.k i= vuq- tkfr@tutkfr&
5]000-00

Nk= fooj.k &

O;fDrxr fooj.k
uke & --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- miuke
------------------------------------------
tUe frfFk & -----------@------------@------------------- vk;q -------------- fnu ----------------- ekg
------------------- o"kZ
d{kk ds fy, vkosnu ¼ 2018&19 ds fy, 6 oha½
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
i=kpkj irk
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------
------------------------------------- iksLV vkWfQl ----------------------------------------------------- rglhy
------------------------------------
ftyk ---------------------------------------- fiu dksM ----------------------------------------- eks- u-
------------------------------------------ bZ & esy
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
jktLFkku

LFkk;h irk
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------
-------------------------------------------------- iks- vks- -----------------------------------------------------------
rg ------------------------------------
ftyk ---------------------------------------- fiu dksM ----------------------------------------- eks- u-
------------------------------------------ bZ & esy
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
jktLFkku
Nk= dh 'kS{kf.kd i`"BHkwfe &

fiNyk Ldwy
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------
d{kk ikapoh dk ijh{kk ifj.kke vad izfr’kr ----------------------- xzsM Lrj
----------------------
d{kk pkj dk ijh{kk ifj.kke vad izfr’kr ----------------------- xzsM
Lrj -------------------------
d{kk rhu dk ijh{kk ifj.kke vad izfr’kr ----------------------- xzsM Lrj -------------------------
Hkk"kk ek/;e ----------------------------------------------------- ¼fgUnh@vxzsth½
Ldwy NksM+us dh frfFk ,oa dkj.k
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nk= dk dfcax vuqHko & ¼lgh dk fu’kku yxk;s½
,d o"kZ@nks o"kZ@rhu o"kZ@pkj o"kZ@ikap o"kZ --------------------------------------
Nk= esa dksbZ fo’ks"k dkS’ky ;k vfHk:fp ¼laxhr@[ksy@dyk lwpuk vkSj lapkj izkS|ksfxdh vkfn½ gS
rks mYys[k djsa \
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ikfjokfjd fooj.k
¼v½ firk --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

O;olk;@fLFkfr -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
fu;ksDrk ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

O;kikj irk ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
Qksu ¼vkfQl½ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Qksu ¼?kj½ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

eksckbZy uEcj -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

bZ esy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
¼c½ ekrk
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
O;olk;@fLFkfr -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

fu;ksDrk ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

O;kikj irk ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--

Qksu ¼vkfQl½ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Qksu ¼?kj½ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

eksckbZy uEcj -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

bZ esy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

¼l½ vfHkHkkod

uke -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Nk= ls laca/k -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

irk -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--

Qksu ¼vkfQl½ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Qksu ¼?kj½ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

eksckbZy uEcj -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

bZ esy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

¼n½ vkikrdkyhu laidZ

uke -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Nk= ls laca/k -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

irk -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
Qksu ¼vkfQl½ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Qksu ¼?kj½ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
eksckbZy uEcj -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
bZ esy -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

D;k Nk= fdlh jksx ls ihfM+r gS ¼fpfUgr djs½ \

gkVZ leL;k \ gk¡ @ ugha jDrpki \ gk¡ @ ugha

'olu leL;k \ gk¡ @ ugha e/kqesg \ gk¡ @ ugha
fejxh \ gk¡ @ ugha ,ythZ \ gk¡ @ ugha
Qksfc;k \ gk¡ @ ugha gky esa dksbZ vkWijs’ku \ gk¡ @ ugha
vU; tkudkjh ¼fy[ksa½
;fn gk¡] rks jksx mipkj laca/kh tkudkjh mYysf[kr djsa%
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------
lR;kiu &
 eSa ;g lR;kfir djrk gw¡ fd esjs }kjk nh xbZ mijksDr tkudkjh ,oa leLr nLrkost iw.kZ
fo’oluh; gSA

gLrk{kj ¼ekrk@firk½
jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh; fo|ky;]
txriqjk] t;iqj
vki lHkh dk jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh; fo|ky; esa gkfnZd Lokxr gSA bldk
eq[; y{; u;s fo’o esa Nk=ksa dks ekuoh; ewY;ksa] ns’kHkfDr] leiZ.k ,oa vkn’kksZ dks mudk lexz
laHkkoukvksa ds lkFk iznku djuk gSA

fe’ku ,oa fotu

,d thoar vkSj l`tukRed okrkoj.k esa lkaLd`frd ewY;ksa] ns’kHkfDr rFkk LdkmV ds vkn’kksZa
ds lkFk ,d ,slh laLFkk dk fuekZ.k djuk] tks vuq’kklu] LokoyEcu vkSj lsok Hkko ls ifjiw.kZ
lqlaLd`r cgqvk;keh O;fDrRo dk fuekZ.k djsa] tks ,d mRrjnkf;Roiw.kZ ukxfjd ds :i esa lekt
dk fgLlk cudj jk"Vª ds fuekZ.k o mUufr esa lgk;d cusA

gekjs y{; gekjs fe’ku dks lkdkj djus ds fy,%

➢ cPpksa ds fy, jpukRed] uokpkj;qDr] rukoeqDr vf/kxe dk okrkoj.k iznku

djukA

➢ ns’kHkfDr ds lkFk jk"Vª ds mRFkku esa viuk R;kx iznku djus dh izsj.kkA

➢ xq.kkRed f’k{kk ds }kjk thoar o lkFkZd ikB~;Øe iznku djukA ikB~; lkexzh tks fd
oSf’od gks] n`f"Vdks.k esa O;kogkfjd gks] fof/k;ksa esa vfHkuo gks rFkk vkfo"dkj dk
okgd gksA
 ➢ cPpksa esa lapkj dkS’ky fodflr djuk] ftlls og vius fopkj vkRefo’okl ds lkFk
izdV dj ldsA

➢ ,sls voljksa dks l`ftr djuk] ftlls ekSfydrk] vkRefuHkZjrk vkSj fu.kZ; ysus dh
{kerk tSls vk/kkjHkwr dkS’ky fodflr gks ldsA

➢ thou i;ZUr izHkkoh laLd`fr dh f’k{kk nsrs gq, cPpksa dks oSf’od pqukSfr;ksa ds fy,
rS;kj djukA lkFk&lkFk le`) Hkkjr dh uSfrdrk vkSj ewY;ksa dks cjdjkj j[kukA

➢ cPps dks vkRefuHkZj cukus gsrq ikB~;Øe ds vuqlkj O;kolkf;d izf’k{k.k iznku
djukA

iz’kklfud cksMZ

jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh; fo|ky; ikB~;Øe vkSj gekjs 'kSf{kd dk;ZØe ds
vU; igyqvksa ds forj.k esa vf/kdre izHkko’khyrk lqfuf’pr djus ds fy, cuk;k x;k ,d
O;kid lajpuk gSA Ldwy ds lexz iz/kku Ldwy iz/kkukpk;Z gSA fdlh Hkh vf/kd tkudkjh ds fy,
vki Ldwy ds iz/kkukpk;Z ls lEidZ djus ds fy, Lora= gSaA

'kSf{kd ekWM~;wy dk flagkoyksdu

jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh; fo|ky; dk ikB~;Øe o dk;ZØe ijLij laokn dh

izo`fRr fodflr dj iwNrkN djus vkSj d{kk ds Hkhrj vkSj ckgj dh nksuksa nqfu;k esa fprau’khy
f’k{kkfFkZ;ksa dks fodflr djus gsrq fufeZr fd;k x;k gSA

ikB~;Øe esa fo"k; {ks=ksa dks lekfgr djrs gq, Hkh vusd’k% mldh lhekvksa ls ijs Hkh ys
tkrk gSA LdkmV ¼lSfud½ ds ewY;ksa ls lapkfjr gksus ds dkj.k ikB~;Øe ,d O;kid vk;ke ik tkrk
gSA xf.kr Hkk"kk dk ewy 'kSf{kf.kd fo"k;ksa] dyk] foKku vkSj lkekftd foKku gS] mudks LdkmV
fo"k; ds vklikl ,d cMs+ <+kps esa vkdkj fn;k x;k gSA blds lkFk gh fo|kFkhZ dyk o izks|
ksfxdh ds {ks= esa tSls laxhr] ukVd] u`R;] dyk] rduhdh] 'kkjhfjd vkSj LokLF; f’k{kk] [ksy]
O;fDrxr vkSj lkekftr f’k{kk Hkh izkIr djrs gSA

f’k{k.k dh rduhd% ¼Pedagogy½

f’k{k.k dh rduhd ljy o lqcks/k gksus ds LkkFk ijLij laoknijd j[kh tkrh gSA lkFk gh izkS|
ksfxdh dk iz;ksx djrs gq, LekVZ Dykl dh lqfo/kk iznku dh tk,xhA

'kSf{kd okrkoj.k &

jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh; fo|ky; esa f’k{k.k Nk= dsfUnzr] fofo/k f’k{k.k 'kSyh
vkSj eYVhiy bUVsyhtsal ds fl)kar ij vk/kkfjr gSA ge vkids cPps ds O;fDrRo vkSj izfrHkk dk
iks"k.k djus dks dksf’k’k djsaxs lkFk gh mldh :fp ds vuq:i mls ,d fo’kky {ks= esa mn~?kkfVr
djsaxsA ge ruko jfgr d{kk okrkoj.k dks izksRlkfgr djrs gS] tgka ij vkidk cPpk dykRed
v/;kiu rFkk lg ikB~;Øe xfrfof/k;ksa ls lh[krk gSA bl O;fDrxr vkSj dsfUnzr izfØ;k dks l{ke
cukus ds fy, ge d{kk dh lkbZt dks 25&25 cPpksa ij lhfer djrs gSA ,d ;ksX; f’k{kd] ftls
ySc vkSj rduhdh lgk;d] lg;ksx djsaxs rFkk og ,d gh d{kk dk izHkkjh gSA fgUnh] laxhr] dyk]
lwpuk&rduhd vkSj 'kkjhfjd f’k{kk fo"k; fo’ks"kKksa }kjk djkbZ tkrh gSA d{kk v/;kiu
O;fDrxr@oS;fDrxr :Ik ls djk;k tkrk gS] ftlesa fo|kfFkZ;ksa ls NksVs xfr’khy lewg esa dk;Z
djk;k tkrk gS ftlls mudh {kerk iznf’kZr gksrh gSA

d{kk ds ckgj fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks [ksy rFkk jpukRed xfrfof/k;ksa tSls u`R;] ukVd vkSj laxhr
esa 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gSA lkFk gh fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks cqfu;knh ckxokuh] ,xzhdYpj ,oa Ms;jh dk;Z vkfn
fl[kk;k tkrk gSA Ldwy ds ikB~;Øe] 'kS{kf.kd xfrfof/k;ksa [ksy] dyk vkSj lekt lsok dk ,d
lkeatL; ds ek/;e ls lh[kus ds Hkhrj fofo/krk ds fy, vkids cPps ij ykxw jgsxkA

x`g dk;Z &

 lh-ch-,l-lh- ijh{kk iSVuZ ds vuqlkj Nk= dh izxfr dks fu;fer uksV fd;k tkosxk vkSj
ewY;kadu dks vfHkfyf[kr dj lsesLVj fjiksVZ esa ladfyr fd;k tkosxkA d{kk dk;Z ,oa
lg&’kS{kf.kd xfrfof/k;ksa ds lkFk&lkFk x`g dk;Z dk ewY;kadu Hkh bldk ,d egRoiw.kZ Hkkx gSA

Ldwy ds nSfud VkbZe Vscy esa ,d futh v/;;u dkyka’k Nk=ksa ds fy, fu/kkZfjr gS] ftlesa
og vius dk;ksZa dks iw.kZ dj vkSj leh{kk dj ldrs gSA Lo&v/;;u ds vuq’kklu dks izcy dj cPpksa
dks jpukRed] Lo:fp ls u;s fo"k; i<+us dk dk;Z ¼vk/kk ?k.Vk½ LkIrkg ds fdlh fnu j[kk tkrk
gSA

lIrkgar d{kk dk;Z dk foLrkj ;k izkstsDV vkSj fjlpZ dk;Z gks ldrk gS] vf/kdka’kr% bls
Nk=ksa dh Hkk"kk n{krk dks fodflr djus ds fy, cuk;k tkrk gSA x`g dk;Z vkus okys vlkbuesaV dh
rS;kjh esa lg;ksxh gks ldrk gSA

ewY;kadu

jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½vkoklh; fo|ky; esa ewY;kadu dh izfØ;k fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks

fu;fer izxfr crkus ds fy, fMtkbZu dh xbZ gSA fujarj ewY;kadu d{kk dk;Z] x`g dk;Z vkSj
izkstsDV~l ij vk/kkfjr gS tks fd fu;fer :i ls fjiksVZ dkMZ ij vafdr dj lrr~ QhM cSd fn;k
tk;sxkA bl O;ofLFkr ewY;kadu dks fVIi.kh vk/kkfjr xzsfMax ds :Ik esa vdknfed l= esa nks ckj
bdV~Bk fd;k tk;sxkA var esa vfHkHkkodksa dks cPps dk o"kZ Hkj ds dk;Z ij vk/kkfjr foLr`r izksQkby
fn;k tk;sxkA

jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½vkoklh; fo|ky; dh fjiksZfVax izfØ;k fu;fer ehfVax lefFkZr

gSA fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk ewY;kadu lhch,lbZ vk/kkfjr ijh{kk iz.kkyh ls gksxkA o"kZ esa fu;fer ekfld vk/
kkj ij ijh{kk yh tkdj vdknfed l= esa nks ckj izkIr izkIrkadksa ls vadrkfydk ds ek/;e ls
voxr djk;k tk;sxkA
xfrfof/k;ka

;g dk;ZØe leLr lg&’kS{kf.kd xfrfof/k;ksa dks ,d 'kS{kf.kd xfrfof/k esa izksxzke vkWQ
bUDok;jh esa ,dhd`r djrk gSA ;g xfrfof/k;ka lwpuk dks vk;ksftr dj laokn lh[kus esa en~n
djrh gSaA bl gsrq ge VkbZe Vscy esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, dkyka’k fu/kkZfjr djrs gSa ftlls fd og
jpukRed dyk vkSj yfyr dyk rFkk 'kks dsflax xfrfof/k;ksa esa O;Lr jgrs gSA fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks
ykbczsjh&ehfM;k lsaVj dks fu;fer mi;ksx djus ds fy, Hkh le; fn;k tkrk gSA og lkeqnkf;d
lsok esa Hkh dSEil rFkk vklikl le; nsrs gSA

vdknfed

d{kk 6&8 ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks fofHkUu ikB~;Øeksa ls voxr djk;k tkrk gS] ftlls fd og
fofo/k fodYi ds izfr mn~?kfVr gksaA ;g dk;ZØe jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh; fo|ky;
ds :Ik esa cuk;k x;k gSA blls fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks lh-ch-,l-bZ- ikB~;Øe ,oa d{kk 9 o 10 dh ijh{kk
dh rS;kjh djus esa lg;ksx feyrk gSA

;g ikB~;Øe ,d mrstd vkSj izHkkoh QzseodZ esa rS;kj dj] fo"k; lacaf/kr rFkk mlls ckgj
lh[kus ds fy, volj iznku djrk gSA blesa foKku] xf.kr] dyk fMtkbZu izkS|ksfxdh] 'kkjhfjd
f’k{kk vkSj rduhd 'kkfey gSA vafre o"kZ esa fo|kFkhZ ilZuy izkstsDV~l esa Hkh O;Lr jgrs gSa ftlls
mUgsa dk;ZØe ds izfr tks le> fodflr gS mldks iznf’kZr djus dk ekSdk feyrk gSA blds
vfrfjDr fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks viuh :fp dks vuq’khyu djus ds fy, fo’ks"k le; fn;k tkrk gS] ftlls
og vfuok;Z lkeqnkf;d lsok dk;ZØe ds }kjk lkekftd nkf;Ro dk ogu djrs gSA

gkykafd ;g lwfp lEiw.kZ ugh gS] fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, fo"k; Hkh miyC/k gSA lh-ch-,l-bZ- ,d
dfBu ikB~;Øe gS] blfy, fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks viuh vfHko`fr ,oa izfrc}rk ls iwoZ v/;;u ls fo"k;
ysus esa vklkuh gksrh gSA

vdknfed lkexzh%
 izR;sd fo|kFkhZ dks Ldwy }kjk osyde fdV fn;k tk;sxk] ftlesa iqLrdsa] LVs’kujh Mk;jh]
ifjp; i= ,oa Ldwy cSx vkfn gksaxsA ;g fo’ks"k /;ku j[kk tk;sxk fd izR;sd vkbVe ijekusaV
ekdZj ls yscYM gksA

csfld LVs’kujh ds vfrfjDr izR;sd d{kk ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks Ldwy }kjk iznr dEI;wVj dk
mi;ksx djus dk volj fn;k tk;sxkA

vkarfjd ijh{kk

jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½vkoklh; fo|ky; esa vkarfjd ijh{kk dk fMtkbZu fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks
lh-ch-,l-bZ- cksMZ dh ijh{kk dh rS;kjh ds vuqlkj cuk;k x;k gSA bu ijh{kkvksa dh lajpuk rFkk
lkexzh fo"k; {ks=ksa ds v/;kidksa }kjk dh tk;sxhA fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks ijh{kk iz.kkyh ls tksM+k tk;sxkA
ewY;kadu dk vk/kkj okf"kZd ijh{kk] d{kk VsLV] vlkbuesaV~l ,oa izLrqfrdj.k gksrk gSA lHkh fo|
kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, gj o"kZ ,d vkrafjd ijh{kk gksxhA fo|kFkhZ dk vxyh d{kk esa tkuk fo|kFkhZ dh ml
Lrj dh vdknfed vko’;drk dks ns[kdj fu.kZ; fd;k tk;sxkA vdknfed LVkQ dh leh{kk ds
mijkUr gh dksbZ fu.kZ; fy;k tk;sxkA

ckg~; ijh{kk

Ldwy ds okf"kZd dys.Mj esa cksMZ ijh{kk dk vuqekfur le;kof/k dks lfEefyr fd;k
tkosxkA cksMZ ls vafre frfFk;ka izkIr gksus ij foLr`r VkbZe Vscy miyC/k dj fn;k tkosxkA

ijh{kk dk lapkyu

cksMZ }kjk ijh{kk lapkyu ds mfpr ,oa vko’;d fu;e cuk;s gSA ;fn fo|kFkhZ bu fu;eksa dh
ikyuk ugha djrs gS rks muds vdknfed o"kZ esa vftZr xszM dks fujLr fd;k tk ldrk gSA jktLFkku
LdkmV ¼lSfud½vkoklh; fo|ky; esa vkarfjd ijh{kkvksa esa Hkh cksMZ ds fn’kk funsZ’kksa dh ikyuk dh
tk;sxhA

fjiksVZ~l
 o"kZ ds nkSjku] vfHkHkkodksa vkSj fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks v|ru ewY;kadu fjdkMZ ds }kjk
feM&lsesLVj fjiksVZl nh tk;sxhA lsesLVj ds vUr esa vkidks dk;Z dh izR;sd fo"k;okj rFkk
lg&’kS{kf.kd xfrfof/k;ksa ij foLr`r fVIif.k;ksa dh fjiksVZ nh tk;sxhA ;g fjiksVZ vkids bZ&esy]
eSlst ij izsf"kr dh tk;sxh vkSj fjiksVZ dkMZ Hkh fn;k tk;sxkA

f’k{kd & vfHkHkkod ehfVax

fu;fer f’k{kd&vfHkHkkod ehfVax leFkZu vkSj fjiksVZ iz.kkyh ij vk;ksftr gksxhA tcfd
vfHkHkkodksa dks fjiksVZl bZ&esy ij izkIr gksxh] ijUrq mUgsa vfHkHkkod&f’k{kd ehfVax ds ek/;e ls
vius cPps dh izxfr ij pPkkZ djus ds fy, izksRlkfgr fd;k tk;sxkA ;s fefVaXl l= esa nks ckj v}
Zokf"kZd vk/kkj ij vko’;d :i ls gksxhA

mRd`"Vrk dh Nki

es/kkoh ,oa izfrHkkoku fo|kfFkZ;ks dks Ldwy }kjk izksRlkfgr o lEekfur fd;k tk;sxkA fo"k;
v/;kid }kjk fu;fer Mk;jh esa mRd`"V dk;Z o O;ogkj dk fjdkMZ la/kkfjr fd;k tk;sxkA bu
fjdkMZ dks izkpk;Z ds ikl LVkj vokMZ ds fy, Hkstk tk;sxk] tks fo|kFkhZ LVkj vokMZ ls LEekfur
gksaxs] mUgsa lfVZfQdsV vkWQ eSfjV iznku fd;k tk;sxkA

x.kos’k ¼iks’kkd½

fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa viusiu dh Hkkouk vkSj xokZuqHkwfr tkx`r djus ds fy, jktLFkku LdkmV
¼lSfud½vkoklh; fo|ky; fu%’kqYd rhu rjg dh ;wfuQkeZ iznku djsxkA gekjs ;gka rhu Js.kh
dh ;wfuQkeZ fofHkUu voljksa ds fy, fMtkbUM gS&

1. Ldwy ;wfuQkeZ LdkmV xkbM dyj Ldhe dks /;ku esa j[k dj cukbZ xbZ gSA ¼vkSipkfjd
Ldwy 'kVZ&¼iwjh@vk/kh vkLrhu½] vkSipkfjd usoh CY;w Ldwy 'kVZ~l@Vªkmtj] Ldwy eksts]
Ldwy VkbZ] dkys twrs] Ldwy Cystj] Ldwy csYV] Ldwy LosVj ¼Qwy@gkYQ vkLrhu½] Ldwy
Vh&’kVZ] gkÅl Vh&’kVZ] LiksVZ~l 'kVZ~l@VSªd lwV] LiksVZ~l eksts] LiksVZ~l twrs½
Ldwy ;wfuQkeZ Ldwy }kjk nh tkosxhA
 2. LdkmV }kjk fu/kkZfjr Msªl dksM vkSipkfjd Ldwy ;wfuQkeZ

3. gkÅl LiksVZ~l ;wfuQkeZ & gkÅl 'kVZ vkSj lQsn 'kVZ~l] VªkmtlZ@LdVZ

4. gkWLVy czkWM Msªl dksM% VSªd lwV@dwrkZ] ik;tkek

fdrkcsa

jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh; fo|ky; esa fu/kkZfjr iSVuZ dh ,u-lh-bZ-vkj-Vh- dh

iqLrds fu%’kqYd miyC/k djkbZ tkosaxhA

LekVZ Dykl % dEI;wVj :e lwpuk rduhd ,oa bUVjusV uhfr%

Ldwy dk ifjlj WiFi gS tks vuqla/kku ,oa 'kS{kf.kd xfrfof/k;ksa esa lg;ksx djsxkA fo|
kfFkZ;ksa dks Ldwy }kjk f’k{kk gsrq miyC/k djkbZ tk jgh rduhdh lqfo/kkvksa dk mre mi;ksx djus gsrq
izksRlkfgr fd;k tk;sxkA lHkh Nk=ksa o vfHkHkkodksa dks ,d 'kiFk&i= ij gLrk{kj djus gksaxs]
ftlesa ;g vafdr fd;k tk;sxk fd fo|kFkhZ }kjk lqfo/kkvksa dk mi;ksx ftEesnkjh ,oa Hkkjr ljdkj
ds dkuwu ds lkFk fd;k tkosxkA

bldk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd fo|kFkhZ }kjk fcuk iwokZuqefr ds flLVe ds fdlh Hkkx ds lkFk
NsM+NkM+ ugha dh tkosxhA fo|kFkhZ }kjk vuqi;ksxh lkbVksa dks uk ns[kk tkosxk uk gh MkmuyksM
fd;k tkosxk rFkk uk gh bl izdkj dh lkexzh dks fdlh vU; fo|kFkhZ dks izsf"kr fd;k tkosxkA

fo|kFkhZ vius lkFk dEI;wVj ij mi;ksx esa ysus gsrq dksbZ lkexzh ugha yk;saxs tks Ldwy ds
fy, vuqi;qDr vFkok vkifrtud gksA

d{kk 6 ls vkxs ds lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks dk;Z djus gsrq ih-lh- miyC/k djk;k tkosxk] ;g ih-
lh- Ldwy ds usVodZ ls tqM+k gksxkA
 jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½vkoklh; fo|ky; ds usVodZ dks futh Lisl ds :i esa lEeku
fn;k tkosxk ij bldk fujh{k.k jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½vkoklh; fo|ky; ds lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh
foHkkx }kjk fd;k tk ldsxkA Nk=ksa }kjk Ldwy ds usVodZ esa mi;ksx esa fy, tk jgs dEI;wVlZ dks
eksfuVj djus dk vf/kdkj Ldwy ds ikl jgsxkA ;fn fo|kFkhZ }kjk flLVe dk nq:Ik;ksx djrs gq,
ik;k x;k rks flLVe dks mi;ksx esa ysus ls euk djus vFkok lkexzh tCr djus dh dk;Zokgh dh tk
ldsxhA vko’;drk gksus ij blls Hkh l[r dk;Zokgh dh tk;sxhA lHkh Nk=ksa ,oa muds vfHkHkkodksa
dks mDr ikWfylh ij bl ?kks"k.kk ds lkFk gLrk{kj djus gksaxs fd mUgksaus bls i<+ ,oa le> fy;k
gSA

vuq’kklu ,oa ikcanh

lHkh Nk=ksa dks lQyrkiwoZd f’k{kk fuEufyf[kr rhu ewy fl}kUrksa ij vk/kkfjr okrkoj.kksa
esa laHko gS%

➢ Lo;a ds fy, lEeku

➢ nwljksa ds fy, lEEkku

➢ Lo;a ,oa nwljksa dh laifr ds izfr lEeku

Ldwy ds lHkh foLr`r fu;e bu rhu ewy vis{kkvksa dh izkfIr ds lkFk csgrj ckrkoj.k cuk,
j[kus ds fy, gSA v/;kid vkSj izca/ku dks ;g vf/kdkj vkSj ftEesnkjh nh xbZ gS fd og Ldwy dh
ikWfylh vkSj fu;eksa dh e;kZnk cuk, j[krs gq, fu"i{k vkSj lqlaxr vuq’kklu ls Nk=ksa dh xfjek
dks cjdjkj j[ksA

lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks visf{kr vkpkj lafgrk dk ikyu djuk gksxkA ;fn fo|kFkhZ budk mYya?
ku djrs gS rks muds f[kykQ vuq’kklukRed dk;Zokgh dh tkosxhA vuq’kklu dk ije y{; fo|
kfFkZ;ksa dks uSfrd o lkekftd O;ogkj dh f’k{kk nsuk vkSj fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds O;fDrxr fodkl ds fy,
mi;qDr okrkoj.k iznku djuk gSA ge ;g fo’okl j[krs gS fd Lo;a dk vuq’kklu gh loZJs"B
vuq’kklu gSA gekjs yksdkpkj lh[k ds vuqlkj ge de ls de n.M gks vkSj izfrca/k ds LFkku ij
jpukRed n`f"Vdks.k dks fodflr djus esa fo’okl j[krs gS] ftlls vkRe izfrfcac n`f"Vdks.k
fodflr gksrk gSA bl QzseodZ ds vUrZxr izR;sd fo|kFkhZ ds fy, ;g vko’;d gS fd og vuq’kklu
dh Hkkouk tks fd mlesa O;fDrxr fodkl vkSj lkeqnkf;d Hkkouk dk lg;ksx djsa] mls fodflr
djsA

;fn leL;k dk lek/kku ugh fudyrk gS rks izkpk;Z ds lkFk fopkj&foe’kZ ds mijkUr dksbZ
Hkh vuq’kklukRed dk;Zokgh ;k vU;] fo|kFkhZ dks le>kus rFkk vuqdwy ifjfLFkfr ds vuqlkj dh
tkosxhA gj dsl esa ge fo|kFkhZ dk vkpj.k lq/kkjus gsrq uk] fd nafMr djus dk iz;kl djrs gSA lHkh
ds ifj.kke vyx gks ldrs gS D;ksafd mudk Lrj] xzsM] ifjfLFkfr fHkUu gksrh gSA eksVs rkSj ij blesa
fuyEcu] l’krZ fLFkfr] ifjfo{kk/khu fLFkfr lfEefyr gSA fo|kFkhZ gj Lrj ij vius pky&pyu
vkfn dks okrkZ ,oa fyf[kr esa izLrqr djsxkA vfHkHkkodksa dks Hkh lwfpr j[kk tk;sxk rFkk ;fn leL;k
dk lek/kku ugha gksrk gS rc mUgsa izkpk;Z ls okrkZ gsrq cqyk;k tk;sxkA vuq’kklu lfefr fdlh Hkh
xEHkhj mYya?ku dks /;ku esa j[kdj dBksj izfrcU/k yxk;sxhA bl lfefr esa izkPkk;Z] lh- vks-
LdkmV] izf’k{k.k dsUnz½] v/;kid vkSj ,d Nk= izfrfuf/k gksxkA ;g lfefr le;&le; ij xfBr
dh tkrh gS tks fd tkap ij izkPkk;Z dks vuq’ka"kk HkstsxhA

LokLF; ,oa [ksydwn xfrfof/k;ka

jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½vkoklh; fo|ky; ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks vko’;d lqfo/kka,] dksfpax

vkSj 'kkjhfjd fQVusl dks cuk, j[kus ds fy, i;kZIr le; iznku fd;k tk,xkA
ekrk&firk@vfHkHkkodksa dks bl dk;ZØe dks leFkZu nsus gsrq izksRlkfgr fd;k tkrk gSA

izkjfEHkd o"kksZ ds dk;ZØe ds Nk=ksa dks bl ;kstuk dk ikyu djuk gksxk ftlds tfj,
muesa leUo;] 'kfDr yphykiu ,oa vkarfjd cy fodflr gks ldsxkA /khjs&/khjs os dkS’ky Hkh
fodflr fd;s tk,saxs ftuls Nk= lQy rjhds ls vyx&vyx [ksyksa esa n{krk gkfly dj ldsA
 fuEufyf[kr [ksydwn fu;fer :i ls vk;ksftr fd;s tk;saxs] tks Nk=ksa dks 'kkjhfjd ,oa
ekufld :i ls lqn`<+ cuk;saxsa &

1. ckLdsV ckWy 2- ,FkysfVDl 3- Vsful 4- [kks&[kks

5. ckWyhcky 6- Vsfcy Vsful 7- dCcM~Mh 8- rhjankth

9- fØdsV 10- [kks&[kks

LdkmV % i`"BHkwfe

LdkmV thou & LdkmfVax ,d izdkj dh thou i)fr gS ftlds ek/;e ls ckydksa esa vUrfuZfgr
izfrHkk dk fodkl [ksy o xfrfof/k;ksa ds ek/;e ls fd;k tkrk gSA izR;sd ckyd LokHkkfod :i ls
vusd izfrHkkvksa ls ;qDr gksrk gSA LdkmfVax vUr% 'kfDr;ksa dks igpku dj mls pkfjf=d] ckSf)d]
lkekftd] vk/;kfRed :i ls [kqydj fodflr gksus dk volj iznku djuk gh LdkmfVax dk
mÌs’; gSA laxBu esa ,d ckyd dks pkfjf=d xq.kksa ls ;qDr] 'kkjhfjd :i ls LoLFk] gLrdykvksa o
vko’;d thouksi;ksxh dykvksa esa fuiq.k rFkk lekt dh fu%LokFkZ lsok djus dh Hkkouk ls ;qDr
cukdj mls ns’k dk mi;ksxh ,oa ftEesnkj ukxfjd ds :i esa fodflr fd;k tkrk gSA ;gh dkj.k gS
fd bl fo’o O;kih vkUnksyu dks f’k{kk fonksa }kjk f’k{kk dk iwjd vax Lohdkj fd;k x;k gSA
LdkmfVax thou n’kZu dk ewy ea= *Lo;a djds lh[kks* gS] ftlls ckyd izR;sd {ks= esa Lo;a gh
Kku vftZr djus dks ykykf;r jgrk gSA laxBu esa izf’k{k.k dh ewy i)fr ckydks dks ckydks }kjk
gS] ftls Vksyh i)fr dgk tkrk gSA ;g fo’o dh lcls izHkko’kkyh izf’k{k.k i)fr gS] ftlesa o;Ld
dh Hkwfedk ekxZn’kZd dh gSA ckyd dks ckyd }kjk gh [ksy&[ksy esa izf’kf{kr fd;k tkrk gSA
LdkmfVax izf’k{k.k ds nSfud dk;ZØe esa izkr% 5-30 cts ls jkf= 10-00 cts rd vuojr~
xfrfof/k;ka pyrh jgrh gS] ftlesa lHkh izdkj dh f’k{kkvksa ds l= fu/kkZfjr gSA fnol Ik;ZUr pyus
okyh 'kSf{kd xSj&’kSf{kd izf’k{k.k dks bl rjg le; c) fd;k x;k gS fd os mckÅ u gksdj
euksjatd cuh jgrh gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd f’k{k.k izf’k{k.k izHkkoksRiknd cuk jgrk gSA
le;kof/k dk;Z
izkr% 05-30 cts tkxj.k
5-30 ls 6-30 cts fuR; deZ@’k;u d{k dh lQkbZ
6-30 ls 7-30 cts O;k;ke@;ksx@[ksy@fdpu xkMZu@Luku
7-30 ls 8-00 cts uk'rk ,oa fo|ky; izLFkku
8-05 ls 2-10 cts fo|ky; esa v/;;u ¼nksigj 12-00 ls 12-40 cts rd yap½
2-10 ls 3-30 cts foJke
3-30 ls 4-00 cts mipkjkRed f’k{k.k
4-00 ls 4-15 cts Ukk’rk
4-15 ls 5-30 cts Ckydksa }kjk fo|ky; esa x`gdk;Z djuk
5-30 ls 6-30 cts O;kolkf;d@dEI;wVj@LdkmV@vkmVMksj xfrfof/k;ka
6-30 ls 7-00 cts [ksy ¼f’k{kd dh lgk;rk ls ½
7-00 ls 7-30 cts jkf=dkyhu Hkkstu
7-30 ls 9-00 cts lg’kSf{kd xfrfof/k;k¡ ¼mi lewgksa esa½
9-00 ls 10-00 Lok/;k;
cts

ikB~;Øe ds vfrfjDr xfrfof/k;ka

• 'kkL=h; ,oa yksd laxhr
• u`R;
• ukVd
• O;kolkf;d dkS’ky@vkthfodk
• d`f"k
Nk= ijke’kZ
• vaxszth Hkk"kk & cksy pky ,oa fyf[kr nksuksa ij fo’ks"k /;ku
• fo’ks"k f’k{kk t:jr ds vuqlkj
• dEI;wVj lk{kjrk
• dSfj;j ijke’kZ
fo’ks"k f’k{kk gsrq dbZ ekeyksa esa Ldwy ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks dqN lh[kus esa eqf’dy vk ldrh gS
ftlds fy, mUgsa vfrfjDr leFkZu dh vko’;drk iM ldrh gSA ge fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk ijh{k.k dj
mUgsa rn~uqlkj SEN ¼Lo;a lgk;rk lewg½ ds rgr mu Nk=ksa dks fo’ks"k LFkku fn;s tk ldrs gSA
rRi’pkr~ os fo’ks"k f’k{kdksa ds LkkFk dke dj ldrs gS ,oa eq[; :i ls rS;kj f’k{kk dk;ZØe ls
tqM ldrs gSA
'kS{kf.kd ,oa dSfj;j ijke’kZ
vkBoha d{kk ds Åij ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, fujUrj ijke’kZ dh O;oLFkk gS ftldh enn ls os
lh-ch-,l-bZ- ds Lrj ds fo"k;ksa dk p;u dj ldrs gSaA os vius Ldwy lykgdkj] izkpk;Z o fo"k;
f’k{kdksa dh enn ysdj fo"k; fodYiksa ij ppkZ dj ldrs gSaA
fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds O;fDrxr fu.kZ; dh enn ds fy, Ldwy O;fDrxr ekxZn’kZu] lk{kkRdkj gsrq
Nk=ksa o muds ekrk&firk dks ekxZn’kZu nsxkA blds vfrfjDr fofHkUu O;olk;ksa] dkWystksa vkSj
fo’ofo|ky; ds izfrfuf/k Nk=ksa ls feyus ds fy, Ldwy dk nkSjk djsxsaA
izos’k izfØ;k
jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½vkoklh; fo|ky; esa izos’k ls igys jktLFkku LdkmV
¼lSfud½vkoklh; fo|ky; esa izos’k ds fy, vkosnu ls igys ekrk&firk ,oa vfHkHkkodksa dks
fuEufyf[kr ckrksa dk /;ku nsuk pkfg, &
1. izos’k uhfr & fjDr LFkkuksa dh miyC/krk ds vuqlkj jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½vkoklh;
fo|ky; jkT; esa cPpksa dks f’k{kk iznku djrk gSA 1 vxLr dks vk;q bl izdkj gksuh pkfg,%
2. xzsM vk;q & d{kk 6 ds fy, d{kk 5 mrh.kZ rFkk vf/kdre 13 o"kZ
 bl uhfr esa dHkh dHkh fj;k;r nh tk ldsxh tks Ldwy desVh ds foods ij fuHkZj djsxkA
xzsM 6 esa fu;fer 'kS{kf.kd izksxzke ds fy, vaxszth Hkk"kk esa vklkuh ls cksypky djuk cPpksa
ds fy, vko’;d ugha gksxkA xzsM 10 o 12 esa lkekU;r% u, fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks izos’k ugha fn;k
tk;sxk] tc rd fd og lh-ch-,l-bZ- ds nks lky ds 'kS{kf.kd dk;ZØe ls LFkkukUrj.k
gksdj ugha vk, gksA LFkkukUrj.k ls vk;s ekeyksa esa Hkh izos’k nsus ds ckjs esa Ldwy desVh dh
leh{kk ds vuqlkj gh fu.kZ; fd;s tk;saxsA
3. izos’k O;oLFkk &jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh; fo|ky; ,d Lora= Ldwy gS o blesa
izos’k Ldwy dh desVh ds vk/kkj ij fd;k tk;sxkA izos’k gsrq vkosnu Nis gq, izksLisDV~l esa
lyXu QkEkZ ij gh lEHko gksxk ;k gekjh osclkbZV ds ek/;e ls gks ldsxkA jktLFkku
LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh; fo|ky; izR;sd fo|kFkhZ ds lEiw.kZ f’k{k.k o fodkl esa fo’okl
djrk gSA gj cPps esa viuk&viuk gquj o cqf} gksrh gSA ftudk ge iw.kZ fodkl djuk pkgrs
gS] lkFk gh muesa u, dkS’ky dks fodflr djus dk iz;kl djsaxsA izos’k ds fy, ewY;kadu
fo|kFkhZ] mlds ekrk&firk Ldwy izkpk;Z] lh- vks- LdkmV ¼izf’k{k.k dsUnz½] o ofj"B f’k{kdksa
ds chp vukSipkfjd ckrphr ds vk/kkj ij fd;k tk;sxkA bl vukSipkfjd ppkZ ls cPps o
mlds ifjokj ds jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh; fo|ky; esa izos’k ds vlyh dkj.kksa
dks tkuuk vklku rjhds ls lEHko gksxkA bl ppkZ ds tfj;s cPps ds gquj o :fp vkSj mldh
iwoZ miyfC/k;ksa dks tkuuk Hkh lEHko gksxkA
osclkbZV ij IyslesaV VsLV vkSj ppkZ dh frfFk;ka miyC/k gksxhA vxj izos’k gsrq pkgh
xbZ d{kk esa dksbZ fjfDr;ka ugh gS rks fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks ,d izrh{kk lwph esa j[kk tk;sxk vkSj
mlds vuqlkj gh fjDr LFkku Hkjs tk;sxsaA ekrk firk dks lykg gS fd oks tYnh ls tYnh
jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh; fo|ky; esa izos’k gsrq vkosnu djsaA
izos’k ds fy, ewY;kadu ls iwoZ ekrk&firk@vfHkHkkodksa dks fu/kkZfjr QkeZ Hkjus gksaxsA
fu/kkZfjr iathdj.k 'kqYd vkSj fiNys nks o"kksZ esa fo|kFkhZ dh 'kS{kf.kd ;ksX;rk izLrqr djuh
gksxh vkSj lkFk gh fiNys Ldwy ls fo|kFkhZ ds fy, O;fDrxr vuq’ka"kk Hkh izLrqr djuh gksxhA
blds vfrfjDr fo|kFkhZ ds tUe o ukxfjdrk ds izek.k i= Hkh izLrqr djus gksaxs vkSj
 ekrk&firk fdl ns’k esa dk;Zjr gS blds Hkh lcwr vkSj nLrkost nsus gksaxsA Ldwy dh osclkbZV
ds tfj;s bu eqn~nksa dh foLr`r tkudkjh yh tk ldrh gSA
Ldwy izi=
{kfriwfrZ & Ldwy vkids cPps dks LoLFk o lqjf{kr j[kus dk gj lEHko iz;kl djsxk ysfdu
vuisf{kr o vkikr ifjfLFkfr;ksa gsrq ekrk&firk dks ,d {kfriwfrZ QkeZ ij gLrk{kj nsuk gksxk tks
izos’k i= esa layXu gksxkA ekrk firk ,d izi= ij Hkh gLrk{kj djsaxs ftlds rgr le;&le; ij
Ldwy cPps ds fy, vko’;d fu.kZ; ys ldus esa l{ke gksxkA buesa Trekking, Camping, Sports,
Culture Excursion Hkh 'kkfey gksaxsA bu dk;ZØeksa gsrq tc Hkh fo|kFkhZ fdlh vU; Ldwy esa
tk;saxs rks f’k{kdx.k esa ls izHkkjh lnL; muds lkFk Hkstk tk;sxkA

ekrk&firk lgefr izi=

Ldwy esa izos’k ds lkFk&lkFk ekrk&firk dks ,d lgefr izi= ij gLrk{kj djuk gksxkA
ftlds rgr fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks Ldwy ds LkHkh fu;eksa] uhfr;ksa vkSj Qhl laca/kh cnyko dks Lohdkj
djuk vko’;d gksxkA buesa oks lc ;k=k,a Hkh 'kkfey gksxh ftuesa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks [ksydwn]
mRlo ;k vU; izfr;ksfxrkvksa esa Hkkx fnykuk Ldwy mfpr le>sxkA
LokLF; izi=
Ldwy ds fy, izR;sd fo|kFkhZ dk LokLF; ,oa lqj{kk vge~ gSA bl gsrq ekrk&firk dks
LokLF;rk izi= iwjh lko/kkuh o tkudkjh ds lkFk Hkjuk pkfg, rkfd muds cPps dh ns[kHkky o
lqj{kk Bhd rjg gks ldsA [kkl rkSj ls cPps ds Vhdkdj.k o ,ythZ laca/kh fjdkMZ LokLF;rk izi= esa
lEiw.kZ fooj.k ds lkFk Hkjus gksaxsA
Qhl uhfr
,d Lora= Ldwy gksus ds ukrs ge mPp ekudksa ds lkFk csgrjhu lqfo/kk,a fodflr djrs gSA
Ldwy dh Qhl vkSj uhfr;ka bu lqfo/kkvksa dh lgh rjhds ls ns[kHkky djus gsrq fu/kkZfjr dh tkrh gSA
izos’k ds le; tekurh jkf’k tek djkuh gksxh tks lkekU; ,o vks-ch-lh- ds fy,
10]000-00 :- vkSj vuq- tkfr ,oa tutkfr Js.kh ds Nk=ksa ds fy, 5]000-00 :- fu/kkZfjr dh
xbZ gS] tks fo|ky; dh vfUre d{kk mrh.kZ gksus ij okilh ;ksX; gSA 'ks"k f’k{k.k 'kqYd ,oa vU;
'kqYd fu%’kqYd gSA
Ldwy dh Qhl pkVZ] fu;e o izos’k izfØ;k dk;kZy; esa miyC/k gS ,oa bUgsa Ldwy dh
osclkbZV ls Hkh MkmuyksM fd;k tk ldrk gSA ,d ckj tc Nk= ds izos’k dh fyf[kr iqf"V gks tkrh gS
rks lqj{kk tek jkf’k rqjUr tek djokuh vko’;d gS tks fd izfrns; gksxhA
;fn dksbZ okafNr 'kqYd tek ugha djk;k x;k rks mls lqj{kk tek ls olwyk tk;sxkA blesa
fcuk fu/kkZfjr uksfVl ds Ldwy NksM+us ij uksfVl ihfj;M Qhl Hkh 'kkfey gksxhA Ldwy ls
vdknfed o"kZ ds vUr esa ikl vkmV gksus] LFkkukUrj.k gksus ;k Ldwy NksM+us ij lqj{kk Qhl
Ldwy ds [kqyus ds 60 fnuksa ds vUnj okfil dh tk;sxh ysfdu buesa dksbZ Hkh Qhl vxj cdk;k gS
rks oks lqj{kk jkf’k esa ls fu;ekuqlkj dkVh tk;sxhA bl fo"k; esa vxj Ldwy vkSj ekrk&firk@fo|
kFkhZ ds chp vxj dksbZ erHksn gksaxs rks mu ij Ldwy izkpk;Z dk QSlyk vfUre gksxkA izkpk;Z }kjk
vius foods ls fd;k x;k fu.kZ; lHkh i{kksa dks ekU; ,oa ck/; gksxkA
Qhl gsrq fn’kk&funsZ’k
• fu/kkZfjr frfFk rd tekurh 'kqYd Hkjuk vko’;d gksxkA
• tekurh 'kqYd tks fd izfrns; gS] ds vfrfjDr vU; fdlh Hkh izdkj dk 'kqYd ugha
gSA lEiw.kZ f’k{kk fu%’kqYd iznku dh tk;sxhA
lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh
izR;sd fo|kFkhZ dks vkbZ-Vh- ds fy, uke ek= lkykuk 'kqYd nsuk gksxk ftlds tfj, oks
uohure lkW¶Vos;j dk mi;ksx djus dk gdnkj ekuk tk,xkA ;s lqfo/kk,a oSls csgn egaxh gSA
vkdfLedrk [kkrk
lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, vkdfLedrk [kkrk ,d is’kxh [kkrs ds :i esa j[kk tk,xkA blds
tfj, fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh iks’kkd] QhYM Vªhi] LokLF; [kpksZ] ,DlhMsUV bU’;ksjsal] ;k=k ,oa fVfdV [kpksZ
rFkk ijh{kk 'kqYd bR;kfn lHkh [kpksZa ij yxus okyk iSlk 'kkfey gksxkA bu lHkh [kpksZa dh iwfrZ gsrq
izR;sd fo|kFkhZ dks de ls de 10]000-00 :- dk cSysUl vkdfLed [kkrs esa j[kuk gksxkA
 vkdfLed [kkrs dk foLr`r C;kSjk ekrk&firk dks gj lky 4 ckj Hkstk tk,xkA ekrk&firk
dks fo|kFkhZ ij [kpZ gq, iSlksa dh HkjikbZ djuh gksxh rkfd vkdfLed [kkrs esa fo|kFkhZ dk U;wure
cSysUl fu;ekuqlkj cuk jgsA
'kqYd fMQkWYV
fu;ekuqlkj tekurh 'kqYd ;fn fu/kkZfjr vof/k esa tek ugha djk;k x;k rks fo|kFkhZ dk
izos’k fujLr dj fn;k tk;sxkA
Vh- lh-] vuq’kalk i= rHkh tkjh fd, tk,axs tc Ldwy ds izfrns; leLr 'kqYd tek djk nh
tk;sxhA xaHkhj ,oa vkijkf/kd Js.kh ds d`R;ksa ij Nk= dh lqj{kk jkf’k tek jkf’k Hkh tCr dh tk
ldrh gSA
chek
lHkh fo|kFkhZ Ldwy dh xzqi esfMdy bU’;ksjsal ikWfylh esa 'kkfey gksaxsA ftldh jkf’k muds
ekrk&firk ls olwyh tk,xhA vxj fdlh fo|kFkhZ dk chek igys gh gks pqdk gS rks mlls lacaf/kr
nLrkost Ldwy esa izos’k izfØ;k ds nkSjku izLrqr djus gksaxsA fo|kFkhZ ds fdlh Hkh O;fDrxr lkeku
ds [kks tkus] [kjkc gks tkus ;k pksjh gksus dh dksbZ Hkh ftEesnkjh Ldwy dh ugha gksxhA
iqu% izos’k
dHkh&dHkh ,slk Hkh gks ldrk gS fd Ldwy NksM+us okys fo|kFkhZ iqu% izos’k pkgsA ,sls esa
Ldwy desVh dks gh lHkh QSlys djus dk vf/kdkj gksxkA iqu% izos’k ds bPNqd fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks izos’k
dh iwjh izfØ;k ls xqtjuk gksxk gkykafd Ldwy ds fizflaiy ds foosd ij bl 'krZ dks gVk;k Hkh tk
ldrk gSA iqu% izos’k ij fo|kFkhZ dks iqu% tekurh 'kqYd tek djkuk gksxkA vU; lHkh ekeyksa esa
ekrk&firk dks ;g jkf’k iqu% tek djokuh gksxh ftuesa os ekeys Hkh 'kkfey gksxsa ftuesa Ldwy ls
gVus dh izfØ;k rks izkjEHk gks xbZ gS fdUrq ekrk&firk us cdk;k jkf’k nh@yh ugha gSA
iqu% izos’k lkjh cdk;k jkf’k lacaf/kr ekeys ds fuiVkjs ds ckn gh lEHko gksxkA lqj{kk tek
fo|kFkhZ ds d{kk ds vuqlkj gksxkA
fojke vodk’k ¼Sabbatical½@okilh izfØ;k
okilh & gekjh bPNk o mEehn gS fd izR;sd fo|kFkhZ jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½vkoklh; fo|ky;
dks f’k{kk vkSj O;fDrxr fodkl dk dsUnz ekusxkA ysfdu ge ;s le>rs gSa fd fdlh fo|kFkhZ dks
Ldwy NksM+us ds vusd dkj.k gks ldrs gSA ,slh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ekrk&firk ;k vfHkHkkodksa dks
Ldwy ds izkpk;Z dks fu/kkZfjr QkWesZV esa fyf[kr i= ;k bZ&esy ds }kjk lwfpr djuk gksxkA bl
tkudkjh dh izfrfyfi lacaf/kr izkpk;Z] izos’k ds eqf[k;k ,oa lgk;d for fu;a=d dks nsuh
vko’;d gksxhA

okilh ds vuqjks/k & uhps nh xbZ le; lhek ds vuqlkj gksxh &
• iwoZ dk;Zdky ds Nk= tks izos’k ds lky esa gh gVuk pkgrs gS] mUgsa lacaf/kr lky esa 30 twu
rd fyf[kr tkudkjh nsuh gksxhA
• ijh{kk esa vuqrh.kZ fo|kFkhZ vxj Ldwy ls gVuk pkgrs gS rks mUgsa ifj.kke ?kksf"kr djus ds
iUnzg fnu esa vkosnu djuk t:jh gksxkA
,sls ekeys esa okilh dk ,d vkosnu Hkj dj ifj.kke ds iUnzg fnu esa nsuk gksxk ftldk lEiw.kZ
iqf"V 30 fnu esa djuh gksxhA
l'krZ okilh
tks ekrk&firk Ldwy ds vxys l= esa cPps dks gVkus dh lksp jgs gksa] mUgsa l’krZ okilh dk
vuqjks/k r; le; lhek esa nsuk gksxk] ftldh iqf"V 31 fnlEcj ;k 31 ebZ ¼tks Hkh izklafxd
gks½ rd djuh gksxhA blds i'pkr vxys lsesLVj esa Nk= ds lhV dh dksbZ xkjUVh ugh gksxhA
bl izfØ;k dks iw.kZ djus ds fy, Nk=ksa dks okilh QkeZ Hkjuk gksxk tks izos’k n¶rj esa
miyC/k gksxkA Ldwy dh leLr lEifr] ftuesa ikB~; iqLrdsa Hkh 'kkfey gksxh] okfil dh tkuh
pkfg, vkSj muds lgh gkyr esa gksus dk izi= ysus ds ckn gh ijh{kk ifj.kke] Vh-lh- ;k vxys
Ldwy ;k dkWyst ds fy, vuq’kalk i= tkjh fd, tk;saxsA
izfrnk;
 izkWlisDVl] iathdj.k ,oa izos’k & Ldwy ls ;k Ldwy ds tfj, [kjhns x, midj.kksa] fdrkcksa]
LVs’kujh] onhZ bR;kfn fdlh Hkh gkyr esa okil ugha fy, tk,axs vkSj bu ij [kpZ gqbZ jkf’k dks
okfil ugha fn;k tk,xkA
vuq’kklukRed dkj.kksa ls ftu fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks Ldwy l= ds chp esa gh NksM+us dks dgk
tk,xk mUgsa iwjs lsesLVj dh Qhl nsuh gksxh ;k mls lqj{kk tek jkf’k ls dkVk tk,xkA

Ldwy ds gVus dk uksfVl fyf[kr :i esa izkpk;Z@lh- vks- LdkmV¼izf’k{k.k dsUnz½ dks izLrqr
djuk gksxk ftldh ,d izfr izos’k izfØ;k ds eqf[k;k dks Hkh nsuh gksxhA vxj okilh uksfVl r;
le; lhek esa ugha fn;k x;k rks blds ,ot esa lqj{kk tek jkf’k ls mi;qDr dVkSrh dh tk,xhA
vdkneh l= ds vUr esa mrh.kZ gksus okys@gVus okys ;k VªkalQj ekeyksa esa tek jkf’k Ldwy
ds u, l= 'kq: gksus ds 60 fnuksa esa Nk=ksa dks okfil nh tk;sxh] ysfdu mlls igys dksbZ Hkh
cdk;k jkf’k lqj{kk tek jkf’k ls dkV yh tk,xhA l= ds chp esa gVus okyksa dh izfØ;k Nk= ds
vafre mifLFkfr ds 120 fnu esa dh tk,xhA Ldwy ls dksbZ Hkh izfrnk; ysus ls igys ifjf’k"V &
2 esa nh xbZ vns;rk izek.k i= Hkjuk vko’;d gksxkA
LFkkukUrj.k izek.k & i= ¼Vh-lh-½
Vh-lh- rHkh tkjh gksxh] tc fo|kFkhZ us Ldwy dh lHkh jkf’k tek djk nh gksxh vkSj Ldwy ds
lHkh midj.k@fdrkcsa lgh gkyr esa ykSVk fn, gksaxsA uhfr esa vafdr lHkh 'kqYd Ldwy ds okf"kZd
vuqlwph esa nh xbZ njksa ds vuqlkj gh olwyk tk,xkA bl le; dh Qhl vuqlwph Ldwy ds
osclkbZV ij ns[kh tk ldrh gSA
Ldwy fu;e
Nk= O;ogkj% jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½vkoklh; fo|ky; ekrk&firk dks lHkh Nk=ksa esa
uSfrd ewY;ksa ,oa vuq’kklu dks fodflr djus esa iwjk lg;ksx djuk gksxk rkfd izR;sd Nk= dk
O;ogkj mPp dksfV dk gksA tgka rd lEHko gksxk Nk=ksa dh ijofj’k o ns[kHkky bl <+ax ls dh
tk,xh] ftlls muesa oks ewY; fodflr gksa tks vkt dh tfVy nqfu;k esa vko’;d gSA ge ekurs
gS fd vuq’kklu ds izfr vknj dk Hkko lgh mnkgj.k o cf<+;k O;ogkj dh vis{kk }kjk gh Nk=ksa
esa iSnk gksxkA
rEckdw] 'kjkc o vU; cwjh vknrksa ds ckjs esa Nk=ksa dks fujUrj ekxZn’kZu fn;k tk,xkA mfpr
O;ogkj ds lanHkZ esa jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½vkoklh; fo|ky; dk vko’;d fu;e gksxk fd
Nk= ges’kk le>nkjh ls O;ogkj djsxkA uhps nh xbZ lwph esa tks Hkh eqn~ns 'kkfey ugha gS] mudk
fuLrkj.k blh fu;e ds rgr fd;k tk,xkA Nk=ksa dks mfpr O;ogkj ds fo"k; esa ;fn dksbZ
my>ku gks rks mUgsa le>kb’k ds fy, f’k{kdksa dk ekxZn’kZu miyC/k jgsxkA
f’k"Vkpkj% jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½vkoklh; fo|ky; ds lHkh lnL; ,d nwljs ds izfr vknj
,oa f’k"Vkpkj dk ikyu djsaxsA 'kkjhfjd ;k 'kkfCnd] ncko ;k cnek’kh Ldwy ds laLd`fr esa
fuf"k) gSA gesa ,d nwljs dk ,oa Ldwy esa vk, vkxarqdksa dk ges’kk vfHkoknu djuk gksxk o
mudks Hkh enn dh t:jr gks rks nsuh gksxhA Nk=ksa dks le;&le; ij f’k{kdksa }kjk fn, x,
funsZ’kksa dk ikyu djuk gksxkA
Ldwy ifjlj esa pyuk% Ldwy ifjlj esa pyrs fQjrs le; 'kkafr ,oa la;e cuk, j[kuk gS ,oa
lcdks vius nk,a gkFk dh rjQ jguk gSA Hkkstu vodk’k o nwljs varjky ds le; Nk=ksa dks
vius fu;r LFkku ij gh jguk gksxkA tc rd fd dksbZ f’k{kd mUgsa fdlh vU; LFkku ij tkus
dh btktr ugha nsA lqj{kk dh n`f"V ls Nk=ksa dks iafDrc) O;oLFkk dk ikyu djuk gksxkA
lhek ls ckgj% Nk=ksa dh lqj{kk dh n`f"V ls ifjlj ds dqN fgLlksa esa tkus ij izfrcU/k gksxk tc
rd fd dksbZ f’k{kd muds lkFk u gks%
1. iwy] ih-bZ- LVksj] ,Mosapj] midj.kksa ds dejksa] ySc esaA
2. j[k&j[kko foHkkx] jlksbZ?kj] LVksj :e esaA
3. 'kke dks ,oa lIrkgar ij Ldwy ifjlj esa fcuk fdlh Ldwyh xfrfof/k ds A
4. lsok ds lHkh bykdsA
5. iz’kklfud Hkou esa fcuk dkedkt dsA
vuq’kklukRed ,oa n.MkRed dk;Zokgh
 fdlh Hkh izfrcfU/kr ,oa vokafNr xfrfof/k esa lafyIr gksus ij fo|ky; }kjk n.MkRed
dk;Zokgh dh tk;sxhA
Msªl dksM%
jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½vkoklh; fo|ky; esa ge fo|ky; dh iks’kkd ds fy, ,d
lS)kfUrd ,oa vkjkenk;d n`f"Vdks.k ¼vizksp½ j[krs gSA fo|ky; ds fu;eksa ds vuqlkj iks’kkd
dks ge fo|kFkhZ leqnk; ds e/; ,drk ,oa 'kkfUr dk ,d vR;ko’;d vo;o ekurs gSaA iks’kkd
dks fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh vko’;drk ,oa vkjke ds vuqlkj vuqdwy cuk;k x;k gSA oL=ksa dh
LoPNrk ,oa lQkbZ rFkk vkfoHkkZo O;fDrxr dq’ky{kse ds Hkkx gSaA fo|ky; dh iks’kkd
jktLFkku jkT; Hkkjr LdkmV o xkbM ds Msªl dksM dh rjg gSA fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks vius ckyksa dks
laokj ds j[kuk gksxk] fdUrq tc iks’kkd esa ugha gksa rks r; ekun.Mksa ds vuq:i ekU; lhek esa
fofHkUu 'kSyh esa cky cukus dh vuqefr gSA ckyksa dh LVkby csrqdh ;k jaxhu ugh gksxhA lHkh
fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks vius uk[kwu lqO;ofLFkr rjhds ls dVs gq, ,oa lkQ j[kus gksaxsA vU; 'kjhj os/ku
¼body piercing½ dh dksbZ vuqefr ugha gSA yM+dksa dks b;fjaXl ;k vU; 'kjhj Hks/ku dh
vuqefr ugha gSA
mifLFkfr uhfr%
fo|ky; dys.Mj esa nh xbZ frfFk;ksa ds vuqlkj fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks lHkh dk;Z fnolksa dks fo|ky;
esa mifLFkr jguk pkfg,A fo|ky; fnolksa dks mUgsa nh xbZ le; lkfj.kh ds vuqlkj lHkh
d{kkvksa ,oa xfrfof/k;ksa esa Hkkx ysuk vko’;d gSA
pw¡fd fo|ky; esa o"kZ ds nkSjku vUrjky dk izko/kku gS] vr% vfHkHkkodksa ls vkxzg gS fd os
vius cPpksa ds fy, vfrfjDr vodk’k dh ekax ugha djsaxsA fo|ky; dys.Mj ds vuqlkj fo|
kfFkZ;ksa dks muds fo|ky; ,oa d{kk dh mifLFkfr dks 90 izfr’kr ls Åij j[kuk gksxkA ;fn dksbZ
fo|kFkhZ ,d ;k nks fnol dk fpfdRlk vodk’k pkgrk gS rks mls izkpk;Z dks fo|ky; ykSVus ij
i= Hkstuk gksxkA vf/kd yEch vuqifLFkfr ds fy, d`i;k fo|kFkhZ ds QkWeZ V~;wVj dks le; ij
vf/klwfpr djsa vkSj izkpk;Z@lh- vks- LdkmV ¼izf’k{k.k dsUnz½ ds uke uksV ds lkFk fpfdRld dk
izek.k i= izLrqr djsaxsA vU; fdlh izdkj ds vodk’k ds vkosnu ds fy, fo|ky; ds
 izkpk;Z@lh- vks- LdkmV ¼izf’k{k.k dsUnz½ ls iwoZ esa lEidZ djsaxsA izkpk;Z@lh- vks- LdkmV
¼izf’k{k.k dsUnz½ ,sls vodk’k dks Lohd`r ;k vLohd`r dj ldrs gSA

le; dh ikcUnh%
fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks izR;sd ikB ,oa xfrfof/k ds lkFk&lkFk lkSais x;s dk;ksZa ds fy, le; dh
ikcUnh j[kuh pkfg,A izkjafHkd nsjh dks fo"k; v/;kid }kjk ns[kk tk;sxk o QkWeZ V~;wVj ds /;ku
esa yk;k tk;sxkA ckjEckj nsjh ls vkus ij QkWeZ V~;wVj }kjk naM ds :i esa fo|kFkhZ dks NqV~Vh ds
ckn jksds tkus dh dk;Zokgh dh tk;sxhA Ik;kZIr o ckjEckj vuq’kklu Hkax djus ij QkWeZ
V~;wVj }kjk *fjiksVZ dkMZ* ij vfHkHkkodksa ds }kjk xksiuh; ijh{k.k ds fy, ntZ fd;k tkosxkA
Lusg dk lkoZtfud izn’kZu ¼ifCyd fMLIys vkWQ vQsD’ku½%
Hkkjrh; laLd`fr esa lapkfyr ;g ,d Hkkjrh; fo|ky; gSa rFkk bl fo"k; ij Hkkjrh;
laLd`fr dh LokHkkfod fof’k"Vrk ds izfr laosnu’khy gSaA vr% fdlh Hkh 'kkjhfjd lehirk ds
izn’kZu ;k varjaxrk dh vuqefr ugha nsrs gSA
dwM+k & djdV QSykuk%
gekjk dSEil gjk&Hkjk ,oa izkd`frd lkSUn;Z ls ifjiw.kZ gS rFkk bldk cgqr vPNs rjhds ls
j[k&j[kko fd;k gqvk gSA blesa fdlh Hkh izdkj dk dqM+k&djdV QSykuk oftZr gSA vr%
miyC/k djk;s x;s dpjk&ik=ksa dk mi;ksx djuk gksxk o okrkoj.k dks LoPN cuk;s j[kus esa
gekjk lg;ksx djsaxsA
fo|ky; dh lEifr dks uqdlku igqapkuk%
;g vkidk fo|ky; gSA d`i;k bldk lEeku djsa vkSj bldh j{kk djsaA fo|ky; dh lEifr
dks tkucw>dj {kfr igqapkus ij nks"kh fo|kFkhZ ij 'kkfLr vf/kjksfir dh tk;sxhA ;fn fdlh ,d
dh igpku ugha gksrh gS rc rd 'kkfLr dh olwyh nks"k esa 'kkfey jgs f’k";ksa ds lewg ls dh
tk;sxhA 'kkfLr esa igaqpk;s x;s uqdlku dh HkjikbZ ds cjkcj dh jkf’k o iz’kklfud pktZ
lfEefyr gksaxsA gkykafd ;fn VwV&QwV nq?kZVuko’k gqbZ gS rks ml lkeku ds cnyus ds ewY; ds
cjkcj dh jkf’k olwy dh tk;sxhA VwV&QwV ds ekeyksa esa izkpk;Z ,oa lacaf/kr izHkkjh x.k iap gksaxsA

LokfeRo ¼Possesion½%
lHkh oL=kfn ,oa O;fDrxr lkeku dks fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds jksy uEcj ds lkFk Li"V :i ls pLik
¼yscYM½ gksxkA ;g izR;sd fo|kFkhZ dk nkf;Ro gksxk fd og vius lkeku dh ns[kHkky djsA jkf’k
lfgr dherh lkeku] ySiVkWi] isUl] dSydqysVlZ ,oa fo|ky; cSXl dks d{kkvksa esa ;k vU;=
ugha NksMsaxsA izfrcfU/kr lkeku dks fo|ky; esa ugha yk;k tk;sxkA izfrcfU/kr oLrq ik;s tkus ij
izfrcU/k yxk;s tkus vkSj vf/kd xaHkhj vijk/kksa ds fy, fo|ky; dBksj dne mBkus dks iw.kZr%
Lora= gksxkA ykokfjl NksM+h xbZ oLrqvksa dh dksbZ ftEesnkjh fo|ky; ugha ysxk] blfy;s fo|
kfFkZ;ksa dks ykWdlZ miyC/k djk;s tk;saxs] ftudh izfr 3 ekg ls desVh }kjk tkap dh tkosxhA
izfrcfU/kr oLrqvksa dh lwph %&
1. f[kykSuk ;k jsfIydk xu ;k vU; rjg dk okLrfod gfFk;kjA
2. pkdwA
3. fLyax 'kkWVA
4. ikyrw tkuojA
5. pwbax xElA
6. dherh lkeku tSls udn jkf’k] xgus bR;kfnA
7. e|lkj efnjkA
8. flxjsV@rEckdwA
9. iVk[ksA
10.gksyh ds jax@ikuh ds xqCckjsA
11.MªXlA
12.OgkbVuj fyfDoMA
13.ikWuksZxzkfQd lkexzhA
14.ekfpl@ykbVj@vxjcrh ¼tkW;fLVDl½@vU; lkexzh ftlls LokLF; dks [krjk gks ;k
vfXu dk [krjk gksA
15.vU; vkifrtud lkexzhA
iqLrdky; fu;e%
tc vki iqLrdky; esa gksaxs rc iwjh [kkeks’kh cjrsaxsA dksbZ ckr ;k QqlQlkgV u djsaxsA
lkoZHkkSfed :i ls iqLrdky; 'kkafr ds {ks= gSa tks ,dkxz gksdj ,oa fuckZ/k :i ls v/;;u dh
lqfo/kk miyC/k djkrs gSaA fo|kfFkZ;ksa }kjk fy;s tk ldus okyh iqLrdksa dh vuqefr ;ksX; Åijh
lhek fofHkUu xzsMksa ds fy, fHkUu gksxhA
lHkh lnL;ksa dks izR;sd iqLrd dks ysus ls iqoZ pSd dj ysuk pkfg,A iqLrd dks ykSVk;s tkrs
le; iqLrd esa ikbZ xbZ {kfr ds fy, mUgsa ftEesnkj ekuk tk;sxkA iqLrd ds [kks tkus ij fo|
kfFkZ;ksa dks mldh ykxr dk Hkqxrku djuk gksxkA ;fn dksbZ iqLrd yEcs le; ls tek ugha djkbZ
tkrh gS rks mlds lnL;rk vf/kdkjksa dks fuyfEcr dj fn;k tkrk gS vkSj vU; dksbZ lkexzh tkjh
ugha dh tkrh gSA fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks iqLrdky; dh iqLrdksa dh ,d nwljs ls vnyk&cnyh ugha djuh
pkfg,A iqLrd [kks tkus dh fLFkfr esa] ewy ysunkj dks ftEesnkj Bgjk;k tk;sxkA
ifjlj NksM+uk%
fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks mudh Lo;a dh lqj{kk ds fy, dSEil@[ksy LFkku dks izkpk;Z@lh-vks- LdkmV
¼izf’k{k.k dsUnz½ ;k QSdYVh eSEcj bapktZ dh vuqefr ds fcuk ugha NksM+us dh Lohd`fr ugha
gksxhA
vuqfpr Hkk"kk dk iz;ksx%
Hkk"kk laokn dk ,d cgqr egRoiw.kZ ek/;e gS vkSj jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh;
fo|ky; leqnk; ds lHkh lnL;ksa dks mfpr Hkk"kk ds iz;ksx ds izfr lEeku ,oa laosnu’khyrk
fn[kkuh gksxhA
[ksy&dwn%
vkpkj lafgrk & jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh; fo|ky; esa [ksy&dwn] vkeksn&izeksn
¼,UtkW;esUV½] foJke ¼fjysDls’ku½ ,oa oftZ’k ¼,Dljlkbt½ ds lk/ku miyC/k djk;s
tk;saxsA nksLrkuk izfrLi)kZ dks fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds 'kS{kf.kd fodkl ,oa Lo;a ds fodkl ds fy, vPNk
ekuk tkrk gSA izR;sd fo|kFkhZ ,oa izR;sd LVkQ esEcj] tks fd jktLFkku LdkmV
¼lSfud½vkoklh; fo|ky; dh vksj ls [ksy&dwn izfrLi)kZ esa Hkkx ysxk] og fo|ky; dk nwr
gksxkA
f[kykM+h ;k izfrHkkxh ;g lnSo /;ku j[ksa%&
• le; ij vk;saA
• mfpr os’kHkw"kk esa jgsaA
• izfrLi)kZ ls iwoZ izfr}afn dk nksLrkuk <ax ls vfHkoknu djsa rFkk izfrLi)kZ mijkUr izfr}
afn rFkk vEik;j@jsQjh dks /kU;okn nsaA
• Vhe [ksy&dwn dks Vhe Hkkouk o viuh iw.kZ ;ksX;rk ls [ksysaA
• ny ds lnL;ksa dks mRlkfgr djsaA
• dIrku dks ny dk izfrfuf/kRo djus nsaA
• gkj&thr dks [ksy Hkkouk ls ysaA
f[kykM+h ;k izfrHkkxh ;g u djsa %&
• jsQjh ds fu.kZ; ij iz’uA
• [ksy ds nkSjku Øks/k ;k udkjkRed Hkko dk izn’kZuA
fuxjkuh ¼lfoZysUl½
fo|ky; ds dSEil dh lqj{kk dk ftEek ,d lqj{kk lsok ,tsUlh dks fn;k x;k gSA izR;sd dh
lqj{kk ds fy, lhekvksa ij dkscjk ok;j yxk;k x;k gS] lh-lh-Vh-oh dSejs ls lqj{kk rFkk
yxkrkj x’r yxkbZ tk;sxh vkSj lHkh ckgjh njoktksa ij lqj{kk xkMZ jgsaxsA dSEil ds Hkhrj ds
Hkou dks iw.kZr;k iSd fd;k gqvk gSA fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk vkxeu ,oa izLFkku ,fXtV ikWfylh ls 'kkflr
gksxkA izR;sd foftVj fjlsI’ku ij jftLVsª’ku djok;saxs vkSj vkxs tkus ls iwoZ foftVlZ ikl izkIr
djsaxsA izR;sd fo|kFkhZ ,oa LVkQ esEcj igpku ds fy, vkbMsfUVVh dkMZ tkjh fd;s tk;saxsA
igpku i= &
1. izR;sd fo|kFkhZ dks nks vkbMsfUVVh dkMZ fu%’kqYd tkjh fd;s tk;saxsA
 2. izR;sd fo|kFkhZ ds nks vfHkHkkodksa ds vkbMsfUVVh dkMZ fu%’kqYd cuk;s tk;saxsA
3. LVwMsUV vkbMsfUVVh dkMZ] tks fd fo|kFkhZ }kjk fo|ky; dSEil esa iguk tk;sxkA
4. ,fXtV dkMZ] tks fd vfHkHkkodksa ds ikl lnSo jgsxkA lqj{kk dks lqfuf’pr djus ds fy,
fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks dSEil NksM+us dh vuqer dsoy vkfnukafdr ,fXtV dkMZ ds /kkjd
O;fDr ds lkFk gh nh tkosxhA
5. fo|kFkhZ ,oa vfHkHkkodksa ls izkFkZuk gS fd os bu dkMZ~l dks vPNh rjg j[ksa D;ksafd ;s fo|
ky; dh lqj{kk flLVe ds egRoiw.kZ Hkkx gSA fdlh dkMZ ds [kks tkus dh lwpuk rqjUr fo|
ky; iz’kklu dks nh tkosA fu/kkZfjr jkf’k yh tkdj u;k dkMZ tkjh fd;k tkosxkA
nq:i;ksx dks jksdus ds fy,] vfHkHkkodksa ls izkFkZuk gS fd os ,fXtV dkMZ~l dks fo|kfFkZ;ksa
ds LkkFk u NksMs+aA
?kj & fo|ky; dk lapkj ,oa lwpuk izcU/ku %
Ldwy U;wtysVj bZesy ds }kjk ihfj;ksfMdyh Hksts tk;saxs tks Ldwy ,oa ?kj ds e/; laokn dk
,d egRoiw.kZ pSuy LFkkfir djsaxsA vyx&vyx laoknksa dh la[;k dks U;wure djus ds mÌs’; ls
bu U;wtysVjksa esa vfHkHkkodksa ds fy, lk/kkj.k rkSj ij leLr lkekU; lans’k lfEefyr
gksaxsA ;fn vki lk/kkj.k esy ds tfj;s laokn djus dks ojh;rk nsaxs rks vkidks dk;kZy; ls lEidZ
dj mUgsa viuk lgh esfyax ,Mªsl nsuk gksxkA ;kn jgs] ;fn vki viuk bZesy irk] iksLVy irk]
VsyhQksu ;k eksckby uEcj cnyrs gSa rks bldh lwpuk fo|ky; dks fyf[kr esa nsuh gksxhA
gels dSls lEidZ djsa %&
vfHkHkkodksa dk vikWbUVesaV ds fy, izkpk;Z@lh- vks- LdkmV ¼izf’k{k.k dsUnz½ ;k v/;kidksa
ls lh/ks lEidZ djus gsrq Lokxr gSA ;g lykg nh tkrh gS fd izkpk;Z ds dk;kZy; ls viksbUVesUV
ys ysa ;k iz’kklfud dk;kZy; ls lEidZ djsa rkfd ge igys ls gh vko’;d lwpuk izkIr dj ldsa
vkSj vkil esa lqfo/kktud le; ij ehfVax dk izcU/k dj ldsaA
gekjk dk;kZy; izkr% 09-00 cts ls lk;a 05-00 cts rd lkseokj ls 'kfuokj dks [kqysxkA
bu le;ksa ls igys ,oa ckn esa vkulfjax e’khUl dk;Zjr gksaxh vkSj ge ftruk 'kh?kz gks ldsxk]
mruk 'kh?kz tokc nsus dk iz;kl djsaxsA fo|ky; ds bZesy ,Msªlst] VsyhQksu ,oa QSDl uEcjksa dh
izdkf’kr lwph dks vo’; ns[k ysA
dSEil ls VsyhQksfuax %
lsy QksUl % vkn’kZ ds rkSj ij gekjh ojh;rk ;g gS fd fo|kFkhZx.k vius lkFk lsy QksUl u
yk;saA gkykafd fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks fo|ky; le; ds i'pkr ;k ?kj tkrs le; jkLrs esa ?kj ls lEidZ
djus ds ,dek= mÌs’; ds fy, fo|ky; esa eksckby Qksu ykus dh vuqefr nh tkosxhA ;g
fj;k;r cM+sa 'kgj esa jgus ,oa ;k=k djus dh tfVyrk dks ns[krs gq, vfHkHkkodksa dks jkgr nsus
ds fy, nh tk jgh gSA bu QksUl dks fdlh Hkh ifjfLFkfr esa fo|ky; esa mi;ksx djus dh vuqefr
ugha nh tk;sxhA fo|ky; le; esa QksUl fLop vkWQ djds j[ks tk;saxs] u fd lkbysUV eksM ijA
fpfdRlky; ¼esfMdy ds;j½
jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh; fo|ky; dk vkblksys’ku csM~l lfgr iw.kZ lqlfTtr
fpfdRlky; ds lkFk O;oLFkk jgsxhA izkFkfed mipkj miyC/k djkus ,oa NksVh chekfj;ksa dk
Rofjr mipkj miyC/k djokus gsrq iwjs le; QLVZ ,M dh lqfo/kk miyC/k jgsxhA fo|ky; ds Hkou
esa Hkh izkFkfed mipkj fdV miyC/k jgsxkA fdlh Hkh vkikrdkyhu fLFkfr ds fy, gekjh
igqap ,d ,EcwysUl rd jgsxh rFkk ,d Qqy Ldsy lqij Lisf’k;fyVh vLirky ds lkFk O;oLFkk
jgsxhA vkikrdky dh fLFkfr esa ejht mfpr le; esa vLirky igqap ldrk gSA
jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh; fo|ky; ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa dk fu;fer esfMdy pSd&vi
gksxk ftlesa ÅpkbZ] Hkkj] vka[ks] dku ,oa nkrksa dk pSd&vi lfEefyr gSA HkrhZ ls igys
vfHkHkkodksa dks o`gn esfMdy QkWeZ dk Hkjuk gksxk tks muds cPpksa ds esfMdy fjdkMZ dk vk/kkj
cusxkA ;g QkWeZ izR;sd 'kS{kf.kd o"kZ ds izkjaHk esa vkfnukafdr djds iqu% izLrqr fd;k tkuk
gksxkA vfHkHkkodksa ls mEehn gS fd os MkbfcVht] vLFkek ;k vythZ tSlh fo’ks"k esfMdy
leL;kvksa dh fLFkfr esa gesa foLr`r lwpuk nsaxsA
Vªkafl;sUV ;k yEch vof/k dk mipkj izkIr dj jgs fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks fo|ky; izos’k ds le;
lwfpr djuk gksxk ;k 'kS{kf.kd o"kZ ds izkjEHk gksus ls iwoZ fo|ky; ds LokLF; vf/kdkjh ls ckr
djuh gksxh rkfd esfMdy QkeZ ij mfpr lwpuk dks ntZ fd;k tk ldsA fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks fdlh
vuqifLFkfr ls ;k vodk’k ls fo|ky; ykSVus ij chekjh ;k nq?kZVuk dh lwpuk fo|ky; iz’kklu
dks miyC/k djkuh gksxhA fdlh fpfdRldh; vkikr fLFkfr esa ge vfHkHkkodksa@ekrk&firk ls
rqjUr lEidZ ds lHkh iz;kl djsaxsA
esl QwM
jktLFkku LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh; fo|ky; }kjk Hkkstu miyC/k djkus dk dk;Z fo|ky;
eSl lfefr ds ek/;e ls dh tk;sxhA vPNh xq.kork dk Hkkstu miyC/k djkus ds fy, jktLFkku
LdkmV ¼lSfud½ vkoklh; fo|ky; dh lqlfTtr jlksbZ gSA ,oa bldk mfpr <ax ls j[k&j[kko
fd;k x;k gS rFkk eSl LVkQ }kjk Hkkstu rS;kj djus ds lkFk&lkFk] izkr%dkyhu ,oa lk;adkyhu
LusDl rS;kj djsaxsA Hkkstu 'kq) 'kkdkgkjh gksxk] fdUrq ehuw cnyrk jgsxkA LokLF; ds fy,
fgrdj ,oa larqfyr vkgkj dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, fofHkUu Lokn o fofHkUu 'kSyh ds Hkkstu
¼fDohthu½ miyC/k djk;s tk;saxsA Hkkstu dk fu;fer fujh{k.k fd;k tk;sxk vkSj fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks
lHkh Hkkstu ds fy, mifLFkr jguk okaNuh; gksxkA lHkh lqfo/kkvksa ds lkFk iw.kZ lqlfTtr Mkbfuax
gkWy gSA fpfdRlh; vk/kkjksa ij fdlh fof’k"V vkgkj dh vko’;drk gksus ij fo|ky; iz’kklu
vyx ls O;oLFkk djsxkA