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BRAINS NMAT Review

Mathematics 1
2. TIre factors of 12 are +L, +2, +3, +4, +6 and +12.
SET OF INTEGERS
A positive integer p is said to be a prime number if its only positive
The numbers ..., -3, -2, - 1, 0, l, 2, 3, ... are called integers. The number divisors are I and itself.
1 , 2, 3 .. . are called positive integers while the numbers -l , -2, -3 , -4, ...

are called negative integers. Example: 5

The numbers 2,3, 6,7, LL, 13, 17, 19,23,29 and 31 are prime numbers.
Notations
A. W : {0, 1,2,3,4,...} denotesthe setof whole/countingnumbers. Remark:The integer 2 is the only even prime number.
B. IN = {1, 2,3,4,5, ...} is calledthe setof all natural numbersor
positive integers. Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic: Every iateger greater that one can
be expressed as a product of prime numbers.
The numeral of a signed number is called its absolute
Examples: The least cornmon multiple, denoted LCM, of two positive integers m and
r. lol :o n is the smallest positive integer having m and n as factors.
z. lrl:r +.'rrh,v
3. lzl =z The greatest common diiisor, denoted$Q, of two positive integers m
4. l-tl:t and n is the greatest positive integer, which divides both m and n.
s l-'tl:t
6. I-sl :: Illustrations:
1. We consider 45 and 72. By the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic,
we can express 45 and 72 as product ofprimes:
Integers divisible by two are called even numbers. Those who are not
divisible by two are called odd integers.
4s :l:lsl I I
i2 =:lrl lzlzlzl
I

Examples:
The LCM (45,72): 3x3 x5 x2x2x2:360
.
1 The numbers 0, x2, L4, t6, 18, t 10, . .. are even numbers. andGCD:3x3=9
2. The numbers il,
+3, +5, +7, t9, 111, ... are odd numbers.
2. Find the LCM and GCD of 12,42 and60.
Let n and m be integers. We say m is a factor of n if there exists an
integer b such that n:mb. We also say that "m divides n" or "n is a 12=2 2 t3
multiple of m". 42=2 317
60:2 213 I ls
Examples:
i. The factors of 3 are =1 , and +3. TheLCM (16,42,601 =2x2x3x'7 x5 = -420anC
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GCD (16, 42,60) : 2x3 : 6 number of packages you can make usiag all items, and horv many
pencils, pens and erasers will be in each package?
Examples:
Find the GCD and LCM of the following sets of numbers 6. You want to make two garden plots next to each other with a fence
$ r. 6, 14and15 i':- completely around each one. One plot is 180 square feet and the other
'r; 2. 9,12and21 'LtiL is 204 square feet. If the fence comes in I foot lengths, what is the
"'r 3. 24 and.42 greatest length of the fence you can make that is shared by both
' 4. 33and44 garden plots? How much fencing is required?
l7
7. A varsity team consists of a football team F, basketball team B and
track team T. Teams F, B and T have 25, 12 afi 30 numbers,
Examples: respectively.
1. LCM(3,5)=3x5=15 A. If no person belongs to two teams, then V has how maay
2. LCM(2, 5,7) : 2x5x7 :70 members?
tj B. If there are 6 members who belong to both F and T; but there are
Word Problems Involving GCD and LCM no members of B who are in F or T, then V consists of how
many elements?
1. You and your three friends go to lunch and find a deal on packages of C. If F and T have 6 common members, T and B have 4 common
6 tacos. You want to buy the minimum number of packages so you members, but F and B have no cortrmon members, then V is
each get the same number of tacos and none are left over. How many consisB of how many members?
packages must you buy? ' \i A. If 2 members belong to all tfuee teams, 6 members belong to F
and T, 4 belong to T and B, and 3 belong to F and B,
2. One trip around a running track is 440 yards. One jogger can then n (V) :!
complete one lap in 8 minutes, the other can complete in 6 minutes.
How long will it take for both joggers to arrive at the starting point 8. Jepoy has 72 green marbles and 108 red marbles to sell. He decides to
together if they start at the same time and maintain their jogging pace? separate them into packages of the same size, each containing either
all red or all green. What is the greatest number of marbles he can put
3. You can make groups of 3, 4, or 9 pencils with none left over. What in each oackas.e? /i ( .
is the smallest number of pencils you must have to make these group? /\.
9. At Jepoy National High School, the mattr club has 15 members and
4. A floristhas 36 roses, 27 tulips and 18 carnations. She must use to the chess club has 12 members. If a total of 13 students belong to only
create bouquets. Assuming each bouquet contains the same number of one of the two clubs, how many students belong to both ctubs? ,
roses, carnations and tulips, what is the largest number bouquets she i
can make without having any flowers left over? 10. In a survey of children who saw the different shows at Walt Disney
World, the following information was gatheredi .
5. Say you have 60 pencils, 90 pens and 120 erasers and you want to A. 39 children liked The Little Mermaid
make packages ofpencils, pens and erasers to donate to your school B. 43 children liked l0l Dalmatians ":
for students who cannot afford these supplies. What is the maximum

:t
I
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D. 7 children liked The Little Mermaid and 101 Dalmatians 10: If the last digit is zero, the number is divisible by 10.
E. 10 children liked The Little Mermaid and Mickey Mouse
F. 16 children liked 101 Dalmatians and Mickey Mouse 11: Alternately add and subtract the digits from left to right; If the result
G. 4 children liked The Little Mermaid, 101 Dalmatians, and is divisible by 11, the number is also divisible by 11.
Mickey Mouse
H. 6 children did not like any of the show. 12: If the number is divisible by both 3 and 4, it is also divisible by 12.

Here are the questions | |i

;' 2K: If the last K digits is divisible by 2K, then the number is also divisible
1. How many children were surveyed?' ' by 2*.
2. How many liked the Little Mermaid only? ., ,.,
3. How many liked 101 Dalmatians only? Examples:
4. How many liked Mickey Mouse only? . 1. 123 is divisible by 3.
2. 1233 is divisible by 9.
11. Out of 40 srudents, 14 are taking English and 29 are raking Math. If 3. 682344 is divisible by 2,3, 4, 6,9.
five students are in both classes, how many students are in neither 4. 12345 is divisible by 5 but not by 10.
class? How many are in either class? 5. 365167484 is divisible by 11.

Some Divisibility Rules Operations on Integers

2: If the last digit is even, the number is divisible by 2. A. Addition

1. To add two positive integers, do the usual addition
J: If the sum of the digits is divisible by 3, the number is also divisible 2. To add two negative integers, add their absolute values, then put
bv 3. the negative sign back in place.
3. To add a mixed posite and numbers, subtract their absolute values
4: If the last two digits form a number divisible by 4, the number is also and keep the sign of the larger one.
divisible by 4. B. Multiplication
5; If the last digit is either 0 or 5, the number is also divisible by 5. 1. To multiply two integers with the same sign, simply multiply
their numerals or absolute values.
6: If the number is divisible by both 2 and 3 , it is also divisible by 6. 2. To multiply two integers with opposite signs, take the negative of
the product of their numerals.
7: Take the last digit, double it, and subtract it from the rest of the
number; if the answer is divisible by 7, then the number is also Examples:
divisible by 7. 1 l*2:3
2. 3+5:8
8: If the last 3 digits form a number divisible by 8, then so is the 3. 3-5=-2
number. 4. 1-10:-9
5. 10-2:8
9: If the sum of the digits is divisible by 9, the number is divisible by 9. 6. -2-3=5
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7. Cl) (4) = a Examples:

8' G$ Q) = -12 1. 1+(-1):l*1:0
e. (-3) (-5) : 15 2. C3)+ 3:0
Order of Integers Commutatiye Law of Addition
The order makes no difference when adding two integers.
The set of all integers is a well-ordered set. Each integer has a unique That is, a * b = b *
a forevery integers aandb.
predecessor and successor.
Examples:
Example: Consider the integer 4. The integer 3 is its predecessor and 5 1. 2+3:5=3*2
is its successor. 2. -2+4:2:4+(-2)
3. 6_4=6+(_4):2:_4+6
Example: Consider the integer -2. Its predecessor is -3 and its 4. -3- 10 : -3 + C10) : -13 : -10 + C3)
successor is -1.
Commutative Law of Multiplication
So, we can order the set of integers as follows: The order makes no difference when multiplying two integers. That is, for
{..., -7, -6, -s, -4, -3, -2, -r, 0, r,2,3, 4, s, 6,7}. all integers a and b, we have ab ba :
OR Examples:
1. 2(3)=6=3(2)
2. C2)(3) : -6 = 3(-2)
-544-2-lor234s
Associative Law of Addition
Additive Identity Exists
The number zero "O" is the additive identity. Adding 0 to any number When adding three integers, it makes no difference which two in sequence
does not change the number. you add first. [i.e. for every integers a, b and c, we have
(a+b)+c:a+O+c)l
Examples:
1. 1*0:0 Associative Law of Multiplication
2. -3*0=-3
3.0+(-2):0-2=-2 When multiplying three integers together, it makes no difference which
4.0*5:5 two in sequence you multiply first. [i.e. (ab)c : a(bc) for any integers a,
b and cl
Additive Inverse Exists
Any number added to its opposite equals the additive identity.
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Distributive Law
Ex:
t25
T'1'4
The product of one integer with the sum of two or more integers is the
sum of the products of the first integer with the other integers, taken one A fraction is s.t.b. improper if the numerator is greater than the
at a time. In other words, a(b+c) : ab + ac for all integers a, b and c. denominator.

Fraction B*, 1.1

42
A fraction is an indicated division. Fraction is of the form
A mixed fraction is the sum of a whole number and a proper fraction.
9 where b + 0. The numbers a and b are called numerator and
b
denominator, respectively. Example:

t?322336644
r1=r*-l , zZ=z*? ; j5 =7*5 , 3l =3+ I

Similar Fractions

Two fractions are similar if they have the same denominator. Given
two sirnilar fractions, the one having bigger numerator is larger.
I
The shaded region The shaded region is -3 of
Examples:
I
is -2 oftheregion the region enclosed by the
circle t. Convert the following improper fractions to mixed fractions.

C- 13
enclosed by the circle.
34 r,'l.l
L\- A. 7 4r
B. 15
4
D' + j'
2. Convert the following mixed fractions to improper fractions.
.b,
A. rf2;-g{ C. 6l ':)
B. 3'I5, I1 D. s9 \1
9 -"r
2
The shaded region is -3 ofthe

region enclosed by the circle. 3. Arrange the following in ascending order.

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.-
A. 2.1.7 M
3'5't2 B. 5'3'7 6 [,r)fr')-1=1fr) z-1= 4-9 -5
\3)\z) 2 3\2) -1=
z 3 2 66-
Properties Decimals:

aacac A decimal is an indicated fraction in which the denominator is 10,

1.
bbcbc
c*0
100, 1000, .,.
2. -aaa
b -b b Ex:

^-aaa-a 1= 0.3
-bb-bb 10

4.
a b a+b
ccc
a b ad+bc
i-i00 = o.o:
5. !_
ad bc
=-a-+-.-
c-d cd c d-d c
6.
acac 3
= 0.003
bd
-a_=- bd l 000

Ex: L=? 39 1
3-=3+0.3=3.3
24 5 15
l1X:
_J ''
:
22 aa

-3 3 -J J JJ 47
l0
=4.7
Examples

^
t, _-l _
1
47 = 4.0'1
aa= L
100
-L

-123
I'

22 2 Remark: The value of a decimal is not changed by adding zeroes after the
1 7 2 l+7-2 last digit following the decimal point.
^l- -+---
666 6
Ex. 0.7:0.70=0.7000
^11321 7 70 7000
23666
2 5 3+_I 8+5-9+6 l0 5 10 100 10,000
4^
31242 =
-+-_-
12 126
- 23 2(3\ 2
37 3(7) 7 --
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Addition: Just align the decimal poiat and add in the usual way
Ex. 1.1023 21.98701
A. I 8
21.23014 20.832
123.0t2 3.0187
B.: ,7

145.3444 45.83771

Multiplication To multiply two decimals, simply multiply as if there are C.? 3

no decimal points. But make sure that the number of the
decimal places in the product is equal to the combined
E{: Convert the following decimal numbers to fractions
number of decimal places in the multiplicand and
multiplier. 1? I. l,.p*
A. .t23
i}l, r''
B. 0.23
Ex. l.Z 2.31 2.3t2 C. t.02 i ,7.fl
x 2.31 1.2 t.2l ::t' i...
al
D. 0.21il ''

462 2312 E. 0.333 ':t..

231 4624 F. o.nrm :! t'.,.,i,
23t2
2.772
Percent is a fraction with a denorninator of 100.
2.79752
Ex.
Multiplication of decimals by 10, 100, 1000, and 0.1, 0.01, 0.02.
3
To multiply by 10: move the decimal poht one place to the right 3o/o = 100
by 10K: move the decimal point k places to the right
by 100: move the decimal point two places ro rhe right o'l
by 1000: move the decimal point 3 places to rhe right.
o.lYo - 100
by 0.1: move the decimal point one place to the left. 5o 1
5o%= =
by 0.01: move the decimal point two places to the left. 100 2
by 0.001: move rhe decimal point three places to the left. 30
3oYo =
100

Division: make the divisor a whole number )1- 3o's 305

to /r/.y.
t =to 100 100 1000
Ex 1.25.,!T.25 3.05.'.6.0375 15

Ex: Convert the following to decimal numbers

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Ex. Complete the table

fraction decimal percent

\,/,t oo 0.00s 0.5
a/r-so A , Oltp 3.6
7 rtr;
o.n
''/{q t2,,Tt
!t
tr'0
!/,
0.r25 t7 ,{
I ,1 1R ,)
b
o
5

J
t i), ii"f \ 11 ,i
Numbers that can be expressed as fractions are called rational numbers. A
number is rational if and only if it is either repeating or terminating
decimal. A non-repeating and non-terminating decimal number is called
irrational number. Some examples of irrational numbers *" Ji , .11 ,
J5, ,17, JtT and Jt:. trgeneral, if pisaprimenumber JF isan
irrational number.
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BRAINS NMAT Review

Mathematics - Word Problems

WORD PROBLEMS IIWOLVING AVERAGE 9. The average of two numbers is m and / is the larger of the two
numbers, what is the smaller number? ;
sum of the numbers
Average of /le numbers = 10. 15 movie theaters average 600 customers per theater per day. If
number of numbers
6 of the theaters close down but the total theater attendance stays
the same. What is the average daily attendance per theater
(Sum of the numbers):(Average) x (Number of Numbers)
iunong the remaining theaters? | lI1'1

TIP: The average of equally - spaced data points is just the average of
1 1. The average of 6 positive integers is 5. If the average of the
smallest and the biggest.
smallest and largest of these 6 numbers is 7, what is the average
of the four other numbers? ., I

EXAMPLES: 12. If the average of 18 consecutive odd integers is 534, what is the
least ofthese integers? ,-
What is the average of 81 , 82, 83 and 84?
I *

' 13. In a certain class there are 12 boys and 18 girls. If the class
What is the average of 80, 85, 86 and 90? average for an algebra exam is 90 and the boys' average score is
,\
a\d}l3? I \',
87, what is the girls' average score?
What is the average of Vz, l/3, 3/c ;'

What is the average of 0.1,0.2,0.8, 1.5 and2? t.'

, '
WORD PROBLEMS IIWOLVING TRACTIONS
Find the number x if the average of 1, 0.8, 0.2 and x is 0.6? , ' 1

7
l. What is
-8 of 48?
What is the average of n, n* l, n*2, n*3 and n*4?

The average of two numbers is M, and one of the numbers is N. 2. What fractional part of 32 is 20?
What is the other number? ' ' 'l
A gasoline tank that is /z fulI has 8 gallons removed. The tank is
Noah's score on her first three long exams are 80, 90 and 92. then 1/10 full. What is the capacity, in gallons, of the tank? ,.-

What is the least score she should get on her last two exams to
have an average of 88. \lq 4. The indicator of an oil tank shows 1/5 full. After a truck delivers
165 gallons of oil, the indicator shows 4/5 full. What is the capacity
of the tank? 'l ''
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Chris owned 5/8 of an interest in a house. He sold 1/5 of his interest 8. A ciass of 80 is 25% girls.lf lO% of the boys and20% of the girls
at $1000. What was the total value of the house? l:t)t attended a picnic, what percent of the class attended? I I 5 'A

6. When the gasoline gauge of an automobile shows 1/8 full, 14 gallons 9. A radio sells for P572. What was the cost if the rate of profit was
is needed to completely fiIl the tank. What is the capacity of the tank?\\d 20% ofthe cost? ,4(5 7 ,_
7. Sulfuric acid contains, by weight, 2 parts of hydrogen, 32 parts of
m
"2S! nt
sulfur and 64 parts of oxygen. What part, by weight, of sulfuric acid 10. What is the value of after it has been decreased Av
is sulfur? ]2
q,
A S-foot stick is cut so that one part is 2/3 of the other. How long
11, ru is what percent of 415 of m? Yi5'"1",
is
the shorter segment? e T2, If54 percent of a town's population received the first two polio
"shots" but l}Vo of these persons did not receive the third, what
9. In a graduating class with the same number of boys and of girls, l/8 percent of the town took all tfuee shots?qg. i4
of thegirls and516 of theboysarehonorstudents. Whatpartof the
class consists of boys who are not honor student? I
/m*. 13. Noah gave her friend P12 which is, L5% of her money. How much
money does Noah have now? ftf
WORD PROBLEMS IIWOLVING PERCENT T4, A book sold for P480 after a 20% discount was taken off the list
price. What was the list price? (.Oc)

1. 3 is what percent of 5? [ fr L 15. A watch sells for P65. This price gives the manufacturcr a3O% profit
on his costs. What will be the new retail price if he cuts his profit to
2. Whar percent of 4 is 0.2? '-:,-'l* l0% ofcosts?

t6. Jepoy deposits P700 in a bank.

3. Whatis !Voiodecimal? 0,'}*'. A. If the bank pays 3% interest p€r year, how much money will
2
Jepoy have after 2 years? I I I
4. 7 is 5 percent of what numUerr I
ll'D B. If the bank pays3% interest compoundedyearly, how much will
he have after two years?
5. What is 20% of 15?
't C. If the bank pays 6% interest compounded semi-annually, how
much money will he have after I year?
6. In a class of 20 boys and 28 girls, what percent of the class are boys?
17. How much money should Debbie invest at ttre rate of 5% per year to
dr-*'t, have Pl,740 at the end of the year?
7 . In a class of 550 students, 42% wish to go to college. How many
students wish to go to college? [bl
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Mathematics II
RATIO 3. In a school, there are 850 boys and 400 girls. The ratio ofboys to
girls is 850:400. The ratio of boys to girls, in its simplest form, is
A ratio is an expression that compares two quantities by dividing one by 17:8. That is, for every 17 boys, there are corresponding 8 girls.
the other. Ratio can be expressed in three ways:
i) a:b
ii) PROPORTIONS
^/
"/a / bor-
/b A proportion is a statement that two ratios are equal. It cal be expressed
iii) a+b in two ways:
i) a:b =c:d
The expression a:b is read as "a to b". The ratio a:b is in its simplest form ac
if a and b have no common factor, except 1. Two ratios are equal if they iD
are equal when written as fractions. bd
Illustrations The proportiona:b = c:d is read as "a is to b as c is to d".
The numbers a and d are called the extremes, and the numbers b and c are
1. Mango concentrate is to be mixed with water in a ratio of 1:6. This the means. From expression ii), the ratio a:b = c:d can also be written as
means that for every unit of mango concentrate, 6 units of water will ad:bc
be used. The table below gives some examples
Illustrations
Amount of mango Amount of water
concentrate (in cm3) :
(in cm3)
l. We consider the proportion x:10 l:2. To determine the value of x,
we write the ratios in fraction form:
1

2
6
t2
x I (^\ /r\ x=5
z = -l=101\z-l) =
101
., 18 ro \ro/
10 60 We can also solve for x by noting tlat the product of the means is
15 90 equal to the product of the extremes:
x:10:1:2 =2x:10>x:5
2. Debbie has 3 books and 2 pencils. The ratio of books to pencils is
3:2.T\e ratio of pencils to books is 2:3. 2. The scale on a map is 1:20000. Then the actual distance of 5cm
length on the map represents 100,000 cm.
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TYPES OF PROPORTION 2. The relationship between the number of workers and the number
of days to finish a certain task is another example of inverse
L Direct Proportion proportion. An increase in the size of the work force will produce
Two quantities x and y are directly proportional if the ratio is not a decrease in the time required to complete the task.
affected by multiplying/dividingthe two quantities by the same
x
number. That is, -=k for same constant k. Problems Involving Ratio and Proportion
v
Example:
Examples:

1. For a uniformly moving object, the distance d is 1. A rectangle is 24 inches long and I foot wide. Find the ratio of the
directly proportional to time. If the rate of the object
, is 3m/ length to width. '
,/s., "

then d =31.
2. The ratio of two numbers is 7:4, and their difference is 24, what are
the numbers?
Time Distance traveled
(in seconds) (in meters) J. How many minutes will a train traveling at the rate of 45 miles per
I J
2 6 hour take to cover a distance of 1 mlet
5
J 9
5 15 4. What is the average rate, in miles per hour for a motorist who goes 2
20 60 miles in 3 minutes? ,:'i, 'i I

2. If 10 pencils cost P120, then 1 pencil costs P12 and 5 pencils cost 5. At the rate of two for 5 cents, how many envelopes can be purchased
P60, In this example, the cost of the pencils is directly for 65 cents? 1 .l'-
proportional to the number of the pencils.
6. A box contains baseballs and golf balls. If the ratio of baseballs to
II. Inverse Proportion golf balls is 2:3 and there are 30 baseballs in the box, how many golf
Two quantities x and y are inversely proportional if a decrease in one balls are in the box?{"{,
quantity causes an increase in another.(i. e. xy=k k is some
constant). 7. Ben buys 21 erasers for P84. Calculate the cost of 12 erasers. . .,
Examples: 8. Jack and Poy get P80 by selling their old toys at a car boot sale. They
divide the money in the ratio 2;3. How much money do they each
1. The relationship between speed and time is one example of receive? .{.:' { .'
inverse proportion. As the speed increases, the traveling time
decreases. 9. If 10 men canfinish painting a house in 12 days, how long will it take
15 men, working at the same rate to finish painting the house? O
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EXPONENTS
10. In a factory, each employee can make 40 apple pies in one hour. How
long will it take: Exponent indicates the number of times a numeral or variable is used as a
A. 6 people to make 40 pies {; I ,' :'
.1
factor
B. 3 people to make 240 pies ; Examples
C. l0 people to make 600 pies? ", l

1.22:2x2:4
11. One person can put 200 letters into envelopes in I hour. How long 2.21 :2x2x2=8
would it take for 200 letters to be put into envelopes by: 3. Cz)i :(2) x (-Z) xC2)=-8
A. 4 people " 4. 33:3x3x3=27
B. 6 people :' 5. 28=256
C. 10 people , ,

RULES ON EXPONENTS
ALGEBRAIC CONCEPTS
1. ao=l a+0
Letters or symbols that represent numbers are called variables. 2. al:a
3, a*an=a**n
Examples 4. (a')n:a*
5. (ab)n:an6"
1. The expressiot4xyz means 4x x xy x z. The letters x, y, andz
are variables; and 4 is a constant. 6. a-n1
'^ = _il_ a*o
a
2. The perimeter and area of a rectangle with length L and width W are
-an-m
n
P:2(L*W):ZL + 2W and A=LW, respectively. The equation for I
m
a
P and A are called literal equations. -:^

Examples
Any factor of a product is calledcoefficient of the product of the
a
remaining factors. The usual meaning is the numeral coefficient.
13
I '=)'=)
Examples 2"
2. (22)3=26:123
1. The coefficient of 3abc is 3. a n-2 I I
2. The coefficientof -Zx2yzis -2. '329
3. The coefficient of x3 is 1. 4. 2221:2s=32

A monomial is an expression consisting of only one tern. It is the

product of a number and a set of variables.
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Examples Illustration

The following are monomials: We add xa+Zxz+l and 3x3-x2+2x+1. We can do this in two ways:
i. 4ab x4+0x3+2x2+0x*l
2.x + 3x3- x2+2x+1 (Column form)
3. 2x)
4. 4x\32 xa+3x3+x2 +2x*2
5. -xyz
6. xty'z OR

Two monomials are similar or like if they only differ in their numerals. 1x4 +2x2 + 1; + (3x3 -* +2x* l) :{ 12*z*1 *3x3-
xz +2x + l: xa +3x3 +x2 *2x*2
Examples
Examples
1. 4ab and -Zab are similar
2. r/z x2y,2x'?y arrd -3yx2 are similar Simplify the following
3. 3x)z atd2xyzx are similar
4. x}l and xy are not similar 1. x}, + xy + 2xzy
5. x}l and xy2 are not similar 2. x2 - 2qx'-y1 + 3(x-2y)
3. x}'+ 3*y3 -Zx\3
A binomial is a sum of two unlike monomials. 4. (3a% + 2ab + 3*bz) + (z*b + 3a2b2 + ab)
5. (2ab - 3ab1 - @b + 2ab2)
Examples
MULTIPLICATION OF POLYNOMIALS
The following are binomials:

1. a*b
i. To multiply monomials, use the rules on exponents

2" xz+y2 Illustiation

3. x*xz
4. 13 +yz 1. (3x2)(2x1=6xr
5. x3+y3 2. (2xy)(3xy'z;:6x|l:
A trinomial is a sum of three unlike monomials. A sum of two or more
unlike monomials is called a polynomial.
ii. To multiply a polynomiat by a monomial, use Distributive property of
Multiplication over Addition (DPMA).

ADDITION OF POLYNO]VIIALS

To add two polynomials, just combine like terms.

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'lMathematics II (RWong).doc Page 5 of I

Illustration lllustration

1. x21x3 + x + 1) =x5 +x3 +x2

^24
6xy y
2
2. 3x2y(3xy +2x2y +xy'; =3*:y2 +6x4yz +3x3y3

iii. To multiply a polynomial by a polynomial, multiply each rerm of one

ta7=;
polynomial by each term of the other polynomial, and combine like ii. Polynomial + monomial - separate and divide individually
terms. Illustration

Illustration
4x5 -gx3 +l\xz 4^5 gx3 t2xz 2 z 3
_______a_ +___;_=_x_ __x+z
1. (x-2)(x-3) :a(x-3)-2(x-3) : x2-3x-2x+6 :x2-5x +6 6x' 6x' 6x' 6x' 3 2
2. (x- 1)(x2 +x + 1) =x(x2 +x + 1)-(x2 +x + 1) = x3 +x2 +x-x2-x- 1 :x3- 1

iii. Polynomial + polynomial - use long division

We can also multiply by writing them in "column" form:
1. Write dividend and divisor polynomials in standard polynomial form.
x2+x+ 1 x-2 Use zero coefficients for powers of the variable, which are missing in
x x-1 x x-3 the dividend and divisor.

x3+x2+x x2-2x 2. Divide first term of the divisor into the first term of the dividend. put
-x2-x- 1 -3x+6 this quotient above the dividend.

x3+0x2+0x-l *-5x*6 -t- Multiply the quotient in (2) by all terms of the divisor and put
products under appropriate terms of the dividend.
Examples
4. Subtract the product in (3) from the dividend
Simplify the following expressions
5. Continue to divide first term by first term until the power of the
l. (x2-l)(x2+1)
divisor is larger than the power in the dividend.
2. (2x+1Xx3+2x+1)
3. (x2+x+1)(2x2-x+1)

DIVISION OF POLYNOMIALS

i. Monomial + monomial - use laws of exponents

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Illustrations: SPECIAL PRODUCTS

1. Perform the division for (8 *3x-x3) + (x-2): l. (ax+b)(cx+d):acx2+(ad+bc)x + bd

2. (a*b)2:3212u5462
-*2 -z*-l 3. (a-b)z=xz-2^6*O2
4. (a*b *c)2=n2 +b2 + cz +2ab +Zac t2bc
G-z) 5. (a*b)(a-b):x2-62
-f +z* 6. (a-bXa2+ab+b')=a'-b3
7. (a+b)(a2-ab+b')=a'+b3
-2x2+3x+8 8. (a*b)3=3ra3a2b+3ab2+b3
-2x2+4x 9. (a-b)3:2r-3"26+3ab2-b3

-x*8 FACTORING
-x*2
To factor an expression means finding two or more expressions
6 (remainder) whose product is the given expression

Divide x2-9x-10 by x-10. Examples

x-10 l. The factorization of x2-9x-10 is (x+1)(x-10).

2. The facrorizationof x3-3x2-x*3 is (x+l)(x-lXx-3).
x+1 3. The factorization of 4x2-9 is (2x+3)(2x-3).
x2+x
SOME FACTORJNG TECHNIQTIES
-10x-10
-10x-10 Common monomial factoring
Illustrations
0 t. :^l+x'y=xy(3y+x)
2. 3x3yz + l2x)*9x5y3 :3azr,(xy +4 +3x3y).
Examples
tl. Difference of two squares: x2-62:(3+b)(a-b)
1. (xa+2x3+*-1) + (x2+x-1) Illustrations
2. (x3+3x2-11x-8) + (xl2x-3) 1. ap.g =12x)2 -32 =(2x+3)(2x-3)
3. (x4-3x+4) + (x2+3) 2. 16,( -1 =(4* +1)(4x2- t; :1+x2 + 1)(2x + 1)(2x- 1)
4. 1x5-t; + 1x2-l; ,i lll. Trinomial of the form ax2+bxlc
Note that (mx +nxdx +0 :mdx2 +(mf +nd)x +nf.
Illustrations
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1. x2_3x_10=(x_5Xx+2) x-3*3=1*3
Z. 6x2,5x_4=(3x_4)(2x+l) x:4
iv. *+2ab+52=(a+b)2 2. 3(x*3):;15
Solution:
v. 3(x*3)=x45
"r_r"6..52:(a-b)2 3x*9:x*5
vi. a3+b3=(a+b)(ar-ab+b) 3xt9-x=x*5-x
2x*9:5
vii. a3-b3 =(a-b)(a2+ab +b2) 2x*9-9:5-9
2x:-4
SOLVING LINEAR EQUATION IN ONE VARIABLE x=-2

A linear equation in one variable, say x, is an equationthat can TRANSLATING

be transformed to the form
ax * b:0 Verbal statement to mathematical statement.
where a and b are real numbers. For example, 7x* 1=8x-3 is a
linear equation since we can transform it to
x-4:0 Verbal Mathematical

We say that a number x is a solution of an equation if it makes the 1. Twice as much as x 2x

equality statement true. Solving an equation means finding all solutions
of the given equation. 2. Thrice as much as x 3x

SOME PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY 3. Three more than x x*3

For all real numbers a, b, and c, we have: 4. Three less than x x-3
(APE) If a:b, then a*c:b*c.
(MPE) If a:b, then ac=bc.
5. Fourmorethanhalfofx a++
2
Illustrations
6. x is decreased by 2 x-2
Solve the following equations:
1. 8x-3:7x* 1 7. x is increased by 3 x*3
Solution:
8x-3:7x*l 8. Separate 15 into two numbers x, 15-x
8x-3-7x:7x* 1-7x
x-3=1 9. Two consecutive integers x, x+ 1
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10. Two consecutive odd integers x, x*2

STRATEGY FOR SOLVING WORD PROBLEMS

1. Read the problem clearly - determine what is to be found and know

what is given.

2. Represent one of the unknown quantities by a variable, say x, and try

to represent all the other quantities in terms of x. Ex. let x =
something

3. If appropriate, draw a figure to visualize the problem.

4. Iook for formulas connecting the known quantities and the unknown
quantities.

5. Set-up an equation relating the known and unknown quantities.

6. Solve the equation.

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BRAINS NMAT Review

Mathematics

NAMBER PROBLEMS 5. A motorist traveled 60 miles at the rate of 20 miles per hour and
returned over the same route at the rate of 40 miles per hour. What
1. Find three consecutive odd integers such that the sum of the first two was the average rate of the entire trip?
numbers is 7 more than the third number.
6. A car leaves a town at the rate of 40 miles per hour. After one hour
2. Divide 28 into two parts such that the smaller number is four less than a second car leaves the town traveling in the same direction at a rate
the bigger number. What are the numbers? of 50 miles per hour. In,how many hours will the second car
overtake the first car? r-t
3. The sum of two numbers is 40. Twice of the first number is eight
more than the second number. Find the numbers. \' ,. '' 7. Two cars leave a town at the same time and traveled in opposite
directions. The first car travels at the rate of 45 miles per hour and
the other at 55 miles per hour. In how many hours will the two cars
DISTANCB PROBLEMS be 350 miles apart? ,, '
.

For uniformly moving object, we have the formula

d=rt (distance=rate x time) 8. In his motorboat, a man can go downstream in t hour less time than
Other formulas: he can go upstream the same distance. If the current is 5 mph, how
fast can he travel in still water if it takes him 2 hours to travel
d
upstream the given distance?
t
d MIXTURE PROBLEMS
t -- r Quantity of substance dissolved
= hra.ctional part of solution containing dissolved suhstunce
1. At an average rate of 40 kilometers per hour, how far can I go in Total quantity of sotutii-
3 rninutes?
1. 10 gallon solution of disinfectant contains 1 galion of . '.i .r
2. Eden travels for 3 hours at 45 kilometers per hour and for 2 hours at disinfectant. What is the concentration of the solution? I t"
40 kph. What is her average rate for the entire trip?
2. How many liters of water must be added to 10 liters of alcohol that is
3. A man walked into the woods at the rate of 4 miles per hour and 95%pureinordertoobtainasolutionthatis50%pure.
returned over the same road at the rate of 3 miles per hour. If he
completed the entire trip in 3 7z hours, how far, in miles, did he 3. How much water, in cubic centimeters, must be added to 100 cubic
cover during the period? centimeters of 80% solution of boric acid to reduce it to a 50%
4. A train traveling 100 miles at rn miles per hour arrived at its solution? i.. ,:1r

destination I hour late. How mqnymiles an hour should it have

traveled to arrive on time? \ '
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4. A 5-gallon radiator containinga mixture of water and anti-freeze was 4 days. How long would it take both of them to finish the job if they
supposed to contain a 50% antifreeze solution. When tested, it was work together? \
found to have only 40% antlfreeze. How much water must be drained 2. Working tpgether, Amy and Julie can paint their room in 3 hrs. If it
out? i takes Amy 5 hours to do the job alone, how long would it take Julie
to paint the room working by herself? ,:

AGE PROBLEMS 3. One pipe can empty a tank in 3 hrs. A second pipe takes 4 hrs to
complete the same job. How long will it take to empty the tank if both
1. Alice is twice as old as Beth. In ten Years, Alice will be 5 years older pipes are used? j '.. : , ..
than Beth, how old is Alice? t'
4. If x men can paint a house in 20 days, how long will take 10 men to
2. Carmen who is 20 years old now was born when her mother was paint the same house assuming they work at the same rate? y;
24 years old. How many years ago was her mother five times as old ^;
as her then? 5. A swimming pool can be filled by an inlet pipe in 10 hours and
emptied by an outlet pipe in 12 hours. One day, the pool is empty and
3. Raissa's mother is 26 years older than Raissa. In 10 years, the sum of the owner opens the inlet pipe to fill the pool. But he forgets to close
their ages is 80. Find their present ages. I I the outlet with both pipes open, how long will it take to fill the pool?
' I
.

4. Harris age in 20 years will be same as Lala's age now. Ten years 6. Jones can paint a car in 8 hours. Smith can paint the same car in
from now, Lala's age will be twice Harris. What are their present 6 hours. After two hours of painting the car together, Jones leaves for
ages? lunch and Smith finishes painting the car alone. How long does it take
Smith to finish? '' ,

WORK PROBLBMS

If Chris can f,rnish a job in 10 hours, then MISCELLANE OUS PROBLE MS

A. in t hr, he can finish I10 of the work 1. Jenny has some coins consisting of 25-cents coins, l-peso coin and
5-peso coins. She has 2 more 5-peso coins than 25 cents coins aud
B. in 2 hrs, he can finish 3 of the work trvice as many l-peso coins as 5-peso coins. How many of each kind
10
of coins cioes she have if the total amount is 72? ',' i ' :
C. in 3 hrs, he can finish I of the work
10 2. The total of two investments is P25,000. One amount is invested at
A 7% and one at 9%. The annual interest from the 7% investment is
D. in x hrs, he can finish of the work
P470 more than from the 9% investment. How much is invested at
each rate? ',' , .
Examples:
1. John could paint a car in 2 days, while Mark could paint a car in 3. Margie iras 12 more chickens than cats. If the total number of legs is
108, how many cats does she have? l. .
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RATIO

an expression that compares two quantities by dividing one by the

other.

Example:

1. A rectangle is 24 inches long and I foot wide. Find the ratio of the
length to width.

2. The ratio of two numbers is 7:4, and their differenc e is 24, what are
the numbers?

3. How many minutes will a train travelling at the rate of 45 miles per

hour take to cover a distance of 1 ,.rit..

5

4. If 10 men can finish painting a house in 12 days, how long will it take
15 men, working at the same rate, to finish painting the house?

5. What is the average rate, in miles per hour, for a motorist who goes 2
miles in 3 minutes?

6. At the rate of two for 5 cents, how many envelopes can be purchased
for 65 cents?

7 . A box contains baseballs and golf balls. If the ratio of baseballs to

golf balls is 2:3 and there are 30 baseballs in the box, how many golf
balls are in the box?
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BRAINS NMAT Review

Mathematics

ROOTS AND RADICALS Multiplication of radicals: 1/aJb = rf=

Ex:
Given a2=b, a is called a square root of b.

Example: The square roots of 25 are 5 and -5.

t. li+ili = qJi
z. Ji +2.6 - s.6 + zJi -sJi = -zJl-ili
The positive square root is called the principal square root and is
:. Jso+.D =sJz+Ji=ali
denoted UV ..f . The symbof ..f is called a radical sign.
q. qJn - als - qJGi - aJ+. z = rc{z -n +Ji
l-z =

Example: , (1.r)t,o)=s€ =lG=t

Jzs =s
J=1
7.
J9 =3
8 -=1-= = -:_.=.*+ - J' - li - Ji - J'
./2+V3 ./z+Jr ,lz-,ll 2-3
If an:b where n is an integer, we say a is an nn root of b.
A radical is an indicated root of a number. The number or expression
GEOMETRJC CONCEPTS AND COORDINATE
inside the radical sign is called the radicand. The index of the radical sign
indicates the order of the root. GEOMETRY

Example: Angles:: formed by two rays having the same endpoints called vertex.
The two rays are called sides.
tJ8
=2 {Tt =3
fi=-2 Vl =1
*lG =2 VJ=-l
Like radicals are radicals with the same radicand and index. Like
radicals can be combined using distributive property of
multiplication over addition.
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Straight Angle: = An angle formed by two opposite rays. Right angle: = An angle is said to be right angle if its degree
measure is 90o.
= the two rays forming the angle are perpendicular.
:: its angle measure is 180o or n radians.

Conversion Formulas

degree to radian: no = no>< fggl

( 180.
/
Vertical angles:: a pair of angles formed by two inrersecting lines. In
radian to degree: m rad = m x fl80.)
(n rad/ the figure below, ao and bo are vertical engles; co
and do are vertical angles
Ex:

30"=1 1=90o b>%. ao=bo;co=do

6 2 - do\

60" =1J T =27g Transversal line: a line intersecting two parallel lines is called a
2 transversal line.

Adiacent angles:: Two angles are adjacent if they have the same a-d:e-h
= f-g
vertex and share a common side. do co b:c
ao*b":180o
ZABC and ZCBD are adjacent,

Triangles: = are closed figures formed by connecting ttuee distinct

Complementary angles: = two angles are complementary if the sum of non-collinear points. The sum of the interior angles of a
their degree measures is 90o. triangle is 180'. The sum of the length of any two
sides of a triangle is always greater than the length of
Supplementary angles: : two angles are supplementary if the sum of the remaining side.
their degree measures is 180'.
Isosceles triangle:: a triangle having two equal sides. The angles
opposite the two equal sides are called base
engles.
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Right Triangle: : a triangle where one of the interior angles is a

right angle. AB // DC AO:OC
BC II AD BO=OD
ao=c
bo =d
ao *bo:bo *co =co +do = ao *d": 180o

Types of parallelogram
1. -
rectangle all angles are right angle
- the two diagonals are equal
base angles 2. rhombus - all sides are equal.

Quadrilateral
3. square - a rectangle havrug all sides equal
- closed figure formed by joining four points in a plane, no three
of which are collinear.

PR=QS

B. Trapezoid - having one pair of sides parallel, the parallel

sides are called bases.

Circle set of all coplanar points equidistant from a given fixed point.
The fixed point is called the center and the common distance is
called the radius.

Central angle -an angle whose vertex is a center of a circle.

Special Types of Quafuilateral
ao
A' para,erogram
: :ii::ll::i1::il:'"il*'o
opposite angles are equal
diagonals bisect each other
adjacent angles are supplementary
 C:\Documents and SettingslOwnerlMy Documents\FRONTDESK BACK-UP 05-19-08\NMAT 2009 (April)lRoots, Radicals & Geometry (RWong).doc-Page 4 of 5

ao+bo

Similar triangles - two triangles are similar if their correspondhg

interior angles are congruent.
- corresponding sides of similar triangles are proportional
t2
AB BC AC
PQ
-=-=-QR PR Area

If a and b are the legs of a right triangle and c is the hypotenuse, then
* +8 *c2 (Phytagorean identity)

Frequently occurring right triangles:

30"-60"-90o (or 1* Jl -Zl
45"-45"-90 (1, L, J' ) Perimeter / Circumference
3-4-5
s-12-13

P:Sr * Sz* Sr
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The Midpoint Formula:

The midpoint of (xr,yr) and (xz,yz) is M(x,y) where

no Xt *X2
Areaof a sector, * rrr' X- andv= Yr+Yz
3600 2',2
The slope of the line containing the points (xr,yr) and (xz,yz) is
Perimeter of a sector , '" *2n -Yr - change in Y rise
3600 6- Yz
-
Xz-Xl change in x run
Coordinate Geometry If (x,y) is a point on the line l, determined by (xr,yr) and (xz,yz), then
1. Y-Y' , -Y, (Two-points form)
Every point in space can be represented by an ordered pair. x-x, =Yx, -x,
(-3,3r- 2. y-yr : m(x-xr) (point-slope form)

J3,2) y= rx * b (slope-intercept form)

i
where b is the y-intercept of the line.
1 e(1,1)

-s -4 -3 -2 -1 2 3 4 5

(4,-2)
-J
(-2,-3) -4

Distance Formula

The distance between (xr,yr) and (rc,y) is

d=m
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BRAINS NMAT Review

Mathematics

Consider the figure A. 60'

mZBAC*xo ; mZABC:y' B. 90"
(C) 12V
l. The measure of Z BCD is D- 150"

4. The area of the shaded region is

'D *"+y'
'Bl Y"-1o
C. 180"-xo-f
D. 9CF*x'+/
Let ABCD be a parallelogram. A. 64 - l&e
@ 16-4n
C. 4n
D. 64

5. A circle with radius I unit is circumscribed about an equilateral

triangle. What is the area of the shaded region?

If E and F lies on the line segment AB, then

A. Area of ABEC is greater than that of A DFC
@ Rrea of A BEC is smaller than that of A DFC
C. Area of ABEC is equal to the area of A DFQ
D. No conclusion can be made
3. What is the value of x in the figure.
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qn-3Ji A. 4n
B. 8n
B. 4x C. l21L

c. 3.1, S) ro"

D. an-2.J1 9. f-f M(2,3) is the midpoint of poinrs A (x, y) and B (3, 2), then (x, y):
(^)
- (r,4)
6. If the length of the diagonal of a square is 4 units, the area of the l. (3,3)
square is c. (1, 5)
A. 16 souare units D, (1, 1)
^
(ts, 8 square units
10. If A and B are the points in #9, what is the length of line segment
e. 8Jlsquare units
AB?
D. 10 square units
4.2
,/r
7. The radius of the circle is 2 units. What is the area of ttre shaded
(u3z1'tz
region c.2.13
D. J'
11. If AB : 2, then DC = ?

lL I
r-3
B
)L
B. ;J 4.2
C. 4n-2 B.3
(q..4
D. zn- Ji D,5
8. In the figure AO I BO and the area of 1tr9 lliangle is 8 square units. 12. What is the value of b?
What is the area of the circle?
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A. 20 A. 34
B. 30 u35
@qo c. 36
D. 50 D. 37
13, If a : 2c and b : 3c, what is c? 16. Consider the pentagon ABCDE. What is the sum of the interior angles
of the parallelogram?
D

53tr
(\-.A. s40
A. 34 c. 5s0
B. 35 D. 560P
rc)
v 36
37 17. If the diarneter of a circle increases by 50 percent, by what percent
will the area of the circle increase?
14. If ABCD is a square, what is the value of a? A. IN%
AB fg\ tzsw
Y rcoy,
D. 2N%

Fornumbers 18-20:

Cost of Seeds per Fif$ Pounds

D 5a+1 c
rn2
8.3
c.4
D.5
15. If ABCD is a parallelogram, what is x?

x+ef Qxi
 C:\Documents and Settings\Owner\My Documents\FRONTDESK BACK-UP 05-19-08\NMAT 20@ (April)lMathematics 3 (RWong)-doc-page 4 of 4

18. What is the ratio of the price of 20 pounds of seed B to the price of 21. Ifthe table above represents the luncheon prices at a certain cafeteria,
20 pounds of seed A? 2wh,at is the average price for a meal at this cafeteria?
A. 1:1 ta) n.q
B. l:2 B. P2.5
(e)z: t C. Y2,6
D. 4:1 D. P2.7
19. How many pounds of seed C will I get for P30? 22. lfthree people each ordered a different meal, which of the following
I could not be the total cost of the meals?
A. t2- A. P7.5
,....\ 2 B. P7.00
;.y-)25
c. s0 c. P6.75
D. 100 D_P6.2s
'..,,r.. ha.oo
20. The price of 1 pound of seed C is what percent of the price of -/
1 pound of seed B? 23. Distribution of Grades For Math Exam
A. 20%
I
B. 33- Vo
J
)
c.66:% a

i p\soz
For numbers 21-22:
If 180 students passed the test, how many received a grade of "B*?
LUNCHEON SPECIALS
MEAL
A4s
(s.) so
t/ ss
Hamburger 3.00 D. 60
Chicken 2.75
Tuna Salad 2.5
Pasta Salad 2.25
Pizza 1.5
 C:lDocuments and Settingslowner\My Documents\FRONTDESK BACK-UP 05-19-08)NMAT 2009 (Aprit)\ltrlathematics
Exercises (RWong).doc-Page l of 3

BRAINS NMAT Review

Mathematics

1. Consider the figure. What is the measure of 6. The area of A ABC :

IACB?
C A (0,3)

A.
B.
O
45'
600

..C.75o
iD 90"

2. Which of the following is the reciprocal of B (-3,-3)

t-
^li t
a. 1+ Ji (A) 13y,
,/'
(B; -(l+^12) B. 14
c.
Yr t+ Ji
D.
t3
10

D. Ji -r 7. For any point (x,y) on the line determined by P

3. The simplest form of tls JB + J, + 5 Jt 8 is

rA.' 15 J2
B. J2
C, B,J'
D. Ji
4. The area of a square is 16. What is the
circumference of the circle circumscribed about and Q, we have y:x-2. What is the area of
the square? A PQR?
A. 4.li
rt .-

\Qy'4ir {2 A. t6
C. 8n P, 17

D. Zrc LC! 18
D. 19

zJn +qJi Consider the figure. What is the area of the

5. The expression _ is equal to
8.
trialgle?
4200
@,
B. J'
C, lOJi
D.2
Qlsf
 C:\Documents and Settingslowner\My Documents\FRONTDESK BACK-UP 05-tg-\8\NMAT 2009 @pnD\Mathem.atics
Exercises (RWong).doc-Page 2 ofj

B. 2.,1i *nn*zas
c.2 B. 72n
D,4 c_ 288
D. 72n + 280
9. What is the sum of the interior angles of the
given figure? 13. What is the area of AABC?

lA) 720'
B. 7000
c. 650"
D. 80tr

10. Which of the following is true?

A^4
@s
C,6
D.7
t4. What is the ratio of the
area of A AEB to the
area of &e rectangle ABCD?
A D

\Si *. area of A ABD is equal to the area of

AACD
B. the area of A ABD is less than the area of
AACD
C. the area of A ABD is greater than the area
of A ACD
D. none of the above
A. 1J
11, PQRS is a rectangle.
what is the area of
If the
A PSR?
area of A PQT is 8,
{s; :
\.' 2
1

P
a
c. I4
D. the given is not sufficient
T
15. The sumof the areas of four equal circles is
36n. What is the radius of the small circle?
A.8
B. t2
Q,o
D. 20
What is the area of the region?
 C:\Documenis and Settings\OwnerlMy DocumentslFRONTDESK BACK-UF 05-tg-0g\NMAT 2009
@pnllMathematics
Exercises (RWong).doc-Page 3 of 3

A. 3J' 18. In the figure, what is the value of x?

-,r-\
(n..;zJz -z
-b.
zJi +z
D. cannot be determined

16. The slope of the line connecting the points (2,x)

l
and (5,3) is 72Ao
-
1
. What is rhe x?

e, -1 A. 50
B.0 9* 60
c. I /c) to
D.2 Y80
17. What is the value of x in the figure? 19. What is the measure of IBOC?

l2oo 1o".q ct

A. 60
,<\
(v 70
C. 80
D 85 A. 600
1tr
o
B.
80"
D. 950
C:\Documents and SettingslOtunerlMy DocumentslFRONTDESK BACK-U\ 05-lg-08\NMAr 2009 Upnl)\Mathematics 3 graph
(RWong).doc-Page I of 2

FARMING IN COLINTRY X: 1940 TO 1986

Farm Population (in millions)

1940
1950
1960
1970
,980
1985
1986

Number of Farms (in millions)

194A
1950
1960
1970
1980
1985
1986

Average Farm Size (in acres)

1940
1 950
1 960
1970
1 980
1985
1 986

200

Note: All graphs drawn to scale

 C:lDocuments arul SettingslownerlMy DocumentslFRONTDESK BACK-UP 05-19-08:NMAT 2009 (Aprit)lMathematics 3
graph (RWong).doc-Page 2 of 2

L Country )Cs farm population irr 1986 was approximately how many million?
A. 2.5
@ s.5
c. 7.5
D. 9.0
E. 10.0

2. The decrease, in millions, in the number of farms from 1950 to 1970 was approximately
A. 1.6
B. 2.0
8) 2.6
D. 3.0
E. 3.6

To the nearest percent, the decline in farm population in Country Xbetween 1950 and 1960 represented what
percent of&e 1950 farm population?
A. 10%
B. 30%
c. s0%
D. 60%
E. 150%

4. In Country X, the average farm size in 1940 was approximately what fraction of the average farm size in
1 986?

{e/ !
\-/ 4
)
5
1

5
)
3

5. In 1986, Country Xhad approximately how many million acres of farmland?

A. 1,100
B. 400
@ 140
D. 1l
E. J