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Objects and Classes: ISYS350 Instructor: Lei Jin

This document discusses classes and objects in Java. It defines class variables and methods, specifically static variables and methods. Class variables belong to the class rather than individual objects, and if one object changes the value all others are affected. Static methods cannot use instance variables or call instance methods. The document demonstrates how to access class variables and call class methods without creating an object, and provides some principles for good class design including keeping data private, initializing variables, breaking up responsibilities across classes, and using clear names.

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68 views4 pages

Objects and Classes: ISYS350 Instructor: Lei Jin

This document discusses classes and objects in Java. It defines class variables and methods, specifically static variables and methods. Class variables belong to the class rather than individual objects, and if one object changes the value all others are affected. Static methods cannot use instance variables or call instance methods. The document demonstrates how to access class variables and call class methods without creating an object, and provides some principles for good class design including keeping data private, initializing variables, breaking up responsibilities across classes, and using clear names.

Uploaded by

david johnson
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Objects and Classes

ISYS350
Instructor: Lei Jin
Defining Class Variables and Methods: static
public class Math public class TestMath
{ public final static double PI=3.14159; { public static void main(String[] args)
… {System.out.println(Math.PI);
public static double sqrt(double a)
System.out.println(Math.sqrt(32));
{…}
public static double random() System.out.println(Math.random()*100);
{…} }
} }

•Class variables(static variables) belongs to the class, not an individual object of


the class.
•All objects of the same class have the same value for its class variable. if one
object changes the value of a static variable, the value of all object are affected.
•Static variables should be initialized when they are declared.
•Static methods cannot use instance variables or call instance methods.
Access Class Variables and Invoke Class
Methods
• Access class variables
Classname.variableName
Math.PI
Color.black

• Calling class methods


ClassName.methodName(argumentList); or
ClassName.methodName();
Math.random();
MyInput.readInt();

You don’t have to create an object of the class to


access class variables or class methods !!!
Class Design Principles
• Always keep data private - enforce data encapsulation
• Always initialize data;
• Don’t use too many basic types in a class, instead,
organize them into a new class if necessary
private String street;
private string city; class Address
private string state;
private int zip;
• Break up classes with too many responsibilities
CardDeck CardDeck + Card
• Make the names of your classes and methods reflect
their responsibilities
class BillingAddress; setSalary();

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