Tula, Russia

Tula (Russian: Тула; IPA: [ˈtulə]) is an industrial city and the administrative center of Tula Oblast, Russia, located 193 kilometers (120 mi) south of Moscow, on the Upa River. Population: 501,169 (2010 Census); 481,216 (2002 Census); 539,980 (1989 Census).

Etymology

The name of the city is of pre-Russian, probably Baltic, origin.

History

Tula was first mentioned in the Nikon Chronicle in relation to a military operation conducted in 1146. As the chronicle was written in the 16th century, the date is disputed. The first confirmed mention of Tula dates to 1382.

In the Middle Ages, Tula was a minor fortress at the border of the Principality of Ryazan. As soon as it passed to the Grand Duchy of Moscow, a brick citadel, or kremlin, was constructed in 1514–1521. It was a key fortress of the Great Abatis Belt and successfully resisted a siege by the Tatars in 1552. In 1607, Ivan Bolotnikov and his supporters seized the citadel and withstood a four-months siege by the Tsar's army. In the 18th century, some parts of the kremlin walls were demolished. Despite its archaic appearance, the five-domed Assumption Cathedral in the kremlin was built as late as 1764.

Tula (Curaçao)

Tula (died 3 October 1795) was a Curaçaoan slave who liberated himself and led the Curaçao Slave Revolt of 1795 that convulsed the island for more than a month. He is revered on Curaçao today as a fighter for human rights and independence. He was executed on 3 October 1795.

The film Tula: The Revolt (2013) is based on Tula's life story.

See also

References

External links

Media related to Tula (slave) at Wikimedia Commons

Ria

A ria is a coastal inlet formed by the partial submergence of an unglaciated river valley. It is a drowned river valley that remains open to the sea. Typically, rias have a dendritic, treelike outline although they can be straight and without significant branches. This pattern is inherited from the dendritic drainage pattern of the flooded river valley. The drowning of river valleys along a stretch of coast and formation of rias results in an extremely irregular and indented coastline. Often, there are islands, which are summits of partly submerged, pre-existing hill peaks. A ria coast is a coastline having several parallel rias separated by prominent ridges, extending a distance inland. The sea level change that caused the submergence of a river valley may be either eustatic (where global sea levels rise), or isostatic (where the local land sinks). The result is often a very large estuary at the mouth of a relatively insignificant river (or else sediments would quickly fill the ria). The Kingsbridge Estuary in Devon, England, is an extreme example of a ria forming an estuary disproportionate to the size of its river; no significant river flows into it at all, only a number of small streams.

Ria (singer)

Ria is a New Zealand R&B/pop singer. She is best known for her singles Over You and All My Ladies. She attended Auckland Girls Grammar School.

RIA started performing at a young age before progressing in her teens to leading an all-girl band "Vivah" to becoming winners of the national Smokefree Pacifica Beats in 2007. RIA is a graduate from the Music & Audio Institute of NZ (MAINZ) and singing tutor at the Otara Music Centre (OMAC).

Discography

Singles

References

Research Institute for Aquaculture No 1

Research Institute for Aquaculture No 1, or RIA1, is a government organization under the Fisheries Ministry of Vietnam. RIA1 is responsible for carrying out basic and applied research programs for inland, coastal, and marine aquaculture, including involvement in planning and development activities. RIA1 is now considered a national multifunction institute dealing with research, education, and extension in aquaculture and aquatic resources management. The Institute also plays an advisory role for many other aquaculture development projects.

External links