Khác biệt giữa bản sửa đổi của “Sif”

Sifjar
	Suối tóc mượt mà của Sif.
	Hột giống, sinh sản
Ngự tại	Bílskírnir
Biểu tượng	Dòng suối
Vợ, chồng	Thor
Bố mẹ	Giới tự nhiên
Con cái	?
Núi	Valhǫll
Tương ứng thần thoại La Mã	Hera, [...]
	x; t; s;

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Bản mới nhất lúc 06:42, ngày 26 tháng 12 năm 2023

Sif (tiếng Bắc Âu cổ: Sifjar) là vợ của thần Thor.^[1]^[2]

Huyền sử

Nàng là nữ thần đại diện cho hạt giống và sự sinh sản.^[3]

Sif có một mái tóc dài vàng óng như những cách đồng mùa thu hoạch. Một lần, thần Loki đã lén đột nhập vào phòng của Sif và cắt trộm mái tóc vàng khi nàng đang ngủ. Thần Thor đã rất tức giận về hành động này, may thay, Loki đã nhờ được những nghệ nhân người lùn chế tạo ra một bộ tóc giả bằng vàng để đền bù cho mái tóc thật của nàng Sif. Nhưng cũng nhờ vụ phá phách này mà thần Thor được Loki đền bù cho cây búa thần Mjolnir – thứ binh khí mạnh mẽ nhất thế gian.^[4]^[5]

Then Sif went forward and poured out mead for Loki into a crystal cup and said:
Welcome now, Loki, and take the crystal cup
full of ancient mead,
you should admit, that of the children of the Æsir,
that I alone am blameless.

He took the horn and drank it down:
That indeed you would be, if you were so,
if you were shy and fierce towards men;
I alone know, as I think I do now,
your lover beside Thor,
and that was the wicked Loki.^[6]

Tham khảo

Chú thích

^ Gudbrandur Vigfusson (1874:526).
^ Lindow (2001:266), Orchard (1997:138), and Simek (2007:283).
^ Larrington (1999:75–76).
^ Baker (1994:153, n. 72)
^ Enright (1996:15)
^ Larrington (1999:93).

Liên kết

Tài liệu

Baker, Peter S. biên tập (1994). The Beowulf Reader. Garland reference library of the humanities; vol. 1431. New York & London: Garland Publishing. ISBN 978-0815336662.
Byock, Jesse biên tập (2006). The Prose Edda. Jesse Byock biên dịch. Penguin Classics. ISBN 0-14-044755-5.
Davidson, H. R. Ellis (1965). Gods And Myths Of Northern Europe. Penguin Publishing Group. ISBN 0-14-013627-4.
Davidson, H. R. Ellis (1975). Scandinavian Mythology. Paul Hamlyn. ISBN 0-600-03637-5.
Enright, Michael J. (1996). Lady with a Mead Cup: Ritual, Prophecy, and Lordship in the European Warband from La Tène to the Viking Age. Blackrock, County Dublin/Portland, Oregon: Four Courts Press. ISBN 978-1851821884.
Faulkes, Anthony biên tập (1995). Edda. Anthony Faulkes biên dịch. Everyman. ISBN 978-0460876162.
Grimm, Jacob (James Steven Stallybrass Trans.) (1882). Teutonic Mythology: Translated from the Fourth Edition with Notes and Appendix by James Stallybrass Vol. I. London: George Bell and Sons.
Grimm, Jacob (James Steven Stallybrass Trans.) (1888). Teutonic Mythology: Translated from the Fourth Edition with Notes and Appendix by James Stallybrass. Volume IV. London: George Bell and Sons.
Gudbrandur Vigfusson (1874). An Icelandic-English Dictionary: Based on the Ms. Collections of the Late Richard Cleasby. Clarendon Press.
Hollander, Lee (Trans.) (1990). The Poetic Edda. (2nd edition). University of Texas Press. ISBN 0-292-76499-5
Lang, Kenneth R. (2003). The Cambridge Guide to the Solar System Lưu trữ 19 tháng 4 2023 tại Wayback Machine. ISBN 0-521-81306-9
Larrington, Carolyne (Trans.) (1999). The Poetic Edda. Oxford World's Classics. ISBN 0-19-283946-2
Lindow, John (2001). Norse Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-515382-0.
Mansour, David (2005). From Abba to Zoom: A Pop Culture Encyclopedia of the Late 20th Century. Andrews McMeel Publishing. ISBN 0-7407-5118-2
North, Richard (1998). Heathen Gods in Old English Literature Lưu trữ 19 tháng 4 2023 tại Wayback Machine. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-55183-8
Orchard, Andy (1997). Dictionary of Norse Myth and Legend. Cassell. ISBN 0-304-34520-2
Simek, Rudolf (2007) translated by Angela Hall. Dictionary of Northern Mythology. D.S. Brewer. ISBN 0-85991-513-1
Turville-Petre, E. O. G. (1964). Myth and Religion of the North: The Religion of Ancient Scandinavia. Weidenfeld and Nicolson.

Tư liệu

MyNDIR (My Norse Digital Image Repository) Illustrations of Sif from manuscripts and early print books. Clicking on the thumbnail will give you the full image and information concerning it.

[1] Gudbrandur Vigfusson (1874:526).

[2] Lindow (2001:266), Orchard (1997:138), and Simek (2007:283).

[3] Larrington (1999:75–76).

[4] Baker (1994:153, n. 72)

[5] Enright (1996:15)

[6] Larrington (1999:93).

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

@@ Dòng 1: / Dòng 1: @@
 {{Infobox Greek deity
-| Image            = Sif from Swedish Edda translation.jpg
+| Image            = Sif Was Queen of the Fields.jpg
-| Image_size       = 292px
+| Image_zie        = 292px
-| Caption          = Chân dung nữ thần Sif trong một hợp tuyển [[edda]] [[Thụy Điển]].
+| Caption          = Suối tóc mượt mà của Sif.
-| Name             = ᛋᛁᚠᛁᛅᚱ<br>Sifjar
+| Name             = Sifjar
 | native_name      = Nữ thần
 | God_of           = Hột giống, sinh sản
@@ Dòng 17: / Dòng 17: @@
 | Hindu_equivaleny = ?
 }}
-'''Sif''' ({{lang-non|Sifjar}}, /ˈsɪvjar/) là hiền thê của lôi thần [[Thor (thần thoại)|Thor]].<ref>Gudbrandur Vigfusson (1874:526).</ref><ref>Lindow (2001:266), Orchard (1997:138), and Simek (2007:283).</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Скандинавська богиня Сів — дружина Тора. Германо-скандинавська міфологія|url=http://supermif.com/skand/siv_.html|website=web.archive.org|date=2018-06-05|accessdate=2021-02-12|archive-date=2018-06-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180605002738/http://supermif.com/skand/siv_.html}}</ref>
+'''Sif''' ({{lang-non|Sifjar}}) là vợ của thần [[Thor (thần thoại)|Thor]].<ref>Gudbrandur Vigfusson (1874:526).</ref><ref>Lindow (2001:266), Orchard (1997:138), and Simek (2007:283).</ref>
-==Nguyên tự==
-The name ''Sif'' is the singular form of the plural [[Old Norse]] word {{wikt-lang|non|sifjar}}. {{lang|non|Sifjar}} only appears in singular form when referring to the goddess as a proper noun. {{lang|non|Sifjar}} is cognate to the [[Old English]] {{wikt-lang|ang|sibb}} and [[english language|modern English]] {{wikt-lang|en|sib}} (meaning "affinity, connection, by marriage") and in other Germanic languages: [[Gothic language|Gothic]] {{wikt-lang|got|𐍃𐌹𐌱𐌾𐌰}} ({{lang|got-Latn|sibja}}), [[Old High German]] {{wikt-lang|goh|sippa}}, and [[german language|modern German]] {{wikt-lang|de|Sippe}}. {{lang|non|Sifjar}} appears not only in ancient poetry and records of law, but also in compounds ({{lang|non|[[wikt:byggja#Old Norse|byggja]] sifjar}} means "to marry").<ref name=VIGFUSSON526>Gudbrandur Vigfusson (1874:526).</ref> Using this etymology, scholar [[John Lindow]] gives the meanings "in-law-relationship", scholar Andy Orchard provides "relation", and scholar [[Rudolf Simek]] gives "relation by marriage".<ref name=MODERNSCHOLARSETYMOLOGY>Lindow (2001:266), Orchard (1997:138), and Simek (2007:283).</ref>
 ==Huyền sử==
-{{chính|Beowulf}}
 Nàng là nữ thần đại diện cho hạt giống và sự sinh sản.<ref>Larrington (1999:75–76).</ref>
@@ Dòng 31: / Dòng 28: @@
 :you should admit, that of the children of the [[Æsir]],
 :that I alone am blameless.
+<br>
 ''He took the horn and drank it down:''
 :That indeed you would be, if you were so,
@@ Dòng 39: / Dòng 36: @@
 :and that was the wicked [[Loki]].<ref>Larrington (1999:93).</ref>
 }}
-{|class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:90%;width:100%;border:0px;text-align:left;line-height:150%;"
-|-
-!class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"|''Hôn lễ Sif'' (Lokasenna, 1895), [[Lorenz Frølich]]||[[Loki]] lỡm Thor bằng cách cắt suối tóc nàng Sif||Chư thần đền cho Sif mái tóc mới bằng vàng||Suối tóc mượt mà của nàng Sif
-|-
-|[[File:Lokasenna by Lorenz Frølich.jpg|giữa|222px]]||[[File:How loki wrought mischief in Asgard by Willy Pogany.png|giữa|222px]]||[[File:The third gift — an enormous hammer by Elmer Boyd Smith.jpg|giữa|222px]]||[[File:Sif Was Queen of the Fields.jpg|giữa|222px]]
-|}
 ==Tham khảo==
 {{commonscat|Sif}}
@@ Dòng 70: / Dòng 61: @@
 * Mansour, David (2005). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=hK0rPUF85loC From Abba to Zoom: A Pop Culture Encyclopedia of the Late 20th Century]''. Andrews McMeel Publishing. {{ISBN|0-7407-5118-2}}
 * North, Richard (1998). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=X_LKUIqNvPQC&q=Sif+Beowulf Heathen Gods in Old English Literature] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419083813/https://books.google.com/books?id=X_LKUIqNvPQC&q=Sif+Beowulf |date=19 April 2023 }}''. [[Cambridge University Press]]. {{ISBN|0-521-55183-8}}
-* Simek, Rudolf (2007) translated by Angela Hall. ''Dictionary of Northern Mythology''. D.S. Brewer. ISBN 0-85991-513-1
-* Turville-Petre, E. O. G. (1964). ''Myth and Religion of the North: The Religion of Ancient Scandinavia''. Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
-* Vigfusson, Gudbrandur (1874). ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=RnEJAAAAQAAJ&pg=PP11#v=onepage&q=&f=false An Icelandic-English Dictionary: Based on the Ms. Collections of the Late Richard Cleasby]''. [[Oxford University Press|Clarendon Press]].
 * Orchard, Andy (1997). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=5hbPHQAACAAJ Dictionary of Norse Myth and Legend]''. [[Orion Publishing Group|Cassell]]. {{ISBN|0-304-34520-2}}
 * [[Rudolf Simek|Simek, Rudolf]] (2007) translated by Angela Hall. ''Dictionary of Northern Mythology''. [[Boydell & Brewer|D.S. Brewer]]. {{ISBN|0-85991-513-1}}
 * [[Gabriel Turville-Petre|Turville-Petre, E. O. G.]] (1964). ''Myth and Religion of the North: The Religion of Ancient Scandinavia''. [[Weidenfeld and Nicolson]].
-* {{cite book|last1=Arnold |first1=Martin |title=Thor: Myth to Marvel |year=2011 |publisher=Continuum |isbn=978-1-4411-3715-9}}
-* {{cite book |last1=Astås |first1=Reidar |year=1993 |chapter=Óláfr, St. |title=Medieval Scandinavia, an Encyclopedia |editor-last=Pulsiano |editor-first=Phillip |location=NY and London |publisher=Garland |isbn=0-8240-4787-7}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Bellows|first1=Henry Adams|author-link=Henry Adams Bellows (businessman)|year=1923|title=The Poetic Edda|publisher=American Scandinavian Foundation}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Birley|first1=Anthony R.|author-mask=[[Anthony Birley|Birley, Anthony R.]] (Trans.)|year=1999|title=Agricola and Germany|publisher=Oxford World's Classics|isbn=978-0-19-283300-6|url=https://archive.org/details/agricolagermany00taci}}
-* Chrisholm, Hugh (Editor) (1910) [https://books.google.com/books?id=t_0tAAAAIAAJ&pg=PP1 ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', vol. 9]. [[Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.|The Encyclopædia Britannica Co.]]
-* {{Cite book|last=de Vries|first=Jan|title=Altnordisches Etymologisches Worterbuch|year=1962|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-90-04-05436-3|author-link=Jan de Vries (philologist)|edition=1977}}
-* {{cite journal|last1=Ellis Davidson|first1=H. R.|author-link=Hilda Ellis Davidson|year=1965|title=Thor's Hammer|journal=[[Folklore Society|Folklore]]|volume=76|number=1|publisher=Taylor & Francis|pages=1–15|doi=10.1080/0015587X.1965.9716982|jstor=1258087}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Ellis Davidson|first1=H. R.|author-link=Hilda Ellis Davidson|year=1975|title=Scandinavian Mythology|publisher=[[Paul Hamlyn]]|isbn=0-600-03637-5|url=https://archive.org/details/scandinavianmyth00davi}}
-* {{Cite book|last=Delamarre|first=Xavier|title=Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental|publisher=Errance|year=2003|isbn=9782877723695|author-link=Xavier Delamarre}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Dumézil|first1=Georges|author-link=Georges Dumézil|year=1973|title=Gods of the Ancient Northmen|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_DZIeNMgZhRwC|publisher=[[University of California Press]]|isbn=0-520-02044-8}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Greg|first1=Robert Philips|year=1884|url=https://archive.org/details/onmeaningandori00londgoog|title=On the Meaning and Origin of the Fylfot and Swastika|location=Westminster|publisher=Nichols and Sons}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Hollander|first1=Lee Milton|author-mask=[[Lee M. Hollander|Hollander, Lee Milton]]|year=2007|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qHpwje7-wNkC&q=Heimskringla:+History+of+the+Kings+of+Norway|title=Heimskringla: History of the Kings of Norway|publisher=[[University of Texas Press]]|isbn=978-0-292-73061-8|access-date=20 October 2020|archive-date=23 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423123022/https://books.google.com/books?id=qHpwje7-wNkC&q=Heimskringla:+History+of+the+Kings+of+Norway|url-status=live}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Grimm|first1=Jacob|author-link=Jacob Grimm|others=Translated by James Steven Stallybrass|year=1882|title=Teutonic Mythology: Translated from the Fourth Edition with Notes and Appendix by James Stallybrass, volume I|location=London|publisher=George Bell and Sons|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YxwAAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR1}}
-* {{cite journal|last1=Johnston|first1=Richard|date=24 July 2013|title=Shrew has a spine of godly strength|journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]|doi=10.1038/nature.2013.13440|s2cid=87150582}}
-*{{cite book|last=Koch|first=John T.|title=Celto-Germanic, Later Prehistory and Post-Proto-Indo-European vocabulary in the North and West|publisher=Aberystwyth Canolfan Uwchefrydiau Cymreig a Cheltaidd Prifysgol Cymru, University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh and Celtic Studies|year=2020|url=https://www.wales.ac.uk/Resources/Documents/Centre/2020/Celto-Germanic2020.pdf|isbn=9781907029325|author-link=John T. Koch|access-date=28 October 2021|archive-date=25 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125063756/https://www.wales.ac.uk/Resources/Documents/Centre/2020/Celto-Germanic2020.pdf|url-status=live}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Larrington|first1=Carolyne|year=1999|title=The Poetic Edda: A New Translation|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=0-19-283946-2}}
-* {{cite book |year=2002 |chapter=Olaf, Saint |editor1-last=Lindahl |editor1-first=Carl |editor2-last=McNamara |editor2-first=John |editor3-last=Lindow |editor3-first=John |title=Medieval Folklore: A Guide to Myths, Legends, Tales, Beliefs, and Customs |location=Oxford |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780195147711}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Lindow|first1=John|author-link=John Lindow|year=1978|title=Swedish Folktales and Legends|publisher=[[University of California Press]]|isbn=0-520-03520-8|url=https://archive.org/details/swedishlegendsfo00essw}}
-* {{cite journal |last=Lindqvist |first=Sune |author-link=Sune Lindqvist |year=1933 |url=https://journals.lub.lu.se/rig/article/view/8699 |title=Gotlands bildstenar |journal=Rig |language=sv |volume=16 |issue=3 |issn=0035-5267 |access-date=6 November 2020 |archive-date=5 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211005073222/https://journals.lub.lu.se/rig/article/view/8699 |url-status=live }}
-* {{cite book|last1=MacLeod|first1=Mindy|last2=Mees|first2=Bernard|year=2006|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hx7UigqsTKoC|title=Runic Amulets and Magic Objects|publisher=[[Boydell Press]]|isbn=1-84383-205-4|access-date=28 November 2015|archive-date=19 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419093047/https://books.google.com/books?id=hx7UigqsTKoC|url-status=live}}
-*{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YN_YPQAACAAJ|title=Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic|last1=Matasović|first1=Ranko|date=2009|publisher=Brill|isbn=9789004173361|language=en|access-date=15 May 2020|archive-date=23 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423135125/https://books.google.com/books?id=YN_YPQAACAAJ|url-status=live}}
-* {{cite book |last1=McKinnell |first1=John |last2=Simek |first2=Rudolf |last3=Düwel |first3=Klaus |year=2004 |url=http://dro.dur.ac.uk/1053/1/1053.pdf |title=Runes, Magic and Religion: A Sourcebook |location=Vienna |publisher=Fassbaender |series=Studia Medievalia Septentrionalia |volume=10 |isbn=978-3-900538-81-1 |access-date=6 November 2020 |archive-date=18 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718171655/http://dro.dur.ac.uk/1053/1/1053.pdf |url-status=live }}
-* {{cite book |last=Meulengracht Sørensen |first=Preben |year=1986 |chapter=Thor's Fishing Expedition |editor-link=Gro Steinsland |editor-last=Steinsland |editor-first=Gro |title=Words and Objects: Towards a Dialogue Between Archeology and History of Religion |location=Oslo |publisher=Norwegian University Press |isbn=82-00-07751-9 }}
-* {{cite book|last1=Morris|first1=Christopher G.|year=1992|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nauWlPTBcjIC|title=Academic Dictionary of Science and Technology|publisher=[[Gulf Professional Publishing]]|isbn=978-0-12-200400-1|access-date=28 November 2015|archive-date=23 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423135124/https://books.google.com/books?id=nauWlPTBcjIC|url-status=live}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Orchard|first1=Andy|author-link=Andy Orchard|year=1997|title=Dictionary of Norse Myth and Legend|publisher=[[Orion Publishing Group|Cassell]]|isbn=0-304-34520-2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5hbPHQAACAAJ}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Orel|first1=Vladimir|year=2003|title=A Handbook of Germanic Etymology|publisher=[[Brill Publishers|Brill]]|isbn=9004128751|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/handbookofgerman0000orel}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Reynolds|first1=Richard|year=1994|title=Super Heroes: A Modern Mythology|publisher=[[University Press of Mississippi]]|isbn=0-87805-694-7}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=George W.|author-mask=Robinson, George W. (Trans.)|year=1916|url=https://archive.org/details/lifesaintbonifa01robigoog|quote=life of boniface.|title=The Life of Saint Boniface by Willibald|publisher=[[Harvard University Press]]}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Sawyer|first1=Birgit|year=2003|title=The Viking-Age Rune-Stones: Custom and Commemoration in Early Medieval Scandinavia|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|isbn=0-19-820643-7}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Simek|first1=Rudolf|author-link=Rudolf Simek|year=2007|others=Translated by Angela Hall|title=Dictionary of Northern Mythology|publisher=[[Boydell & Brewer|D.S. Brewer]]|isbn=978-0-85991-513-7}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Thorpe|first1=Benjamin|author-link=Benjamin Thorpe|year=1851|title=Northern Mythology, Compromising the Principal Traditions and Superstitions of Scandinavia, North Germany, and the Netherlands: Compiled from Original and Other Sources: Volume II: Scandinavian Popular Traditions and Superstitions|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q-lAAAAAcAAJ&q=%22benjamin+thorpe%22|publisher=Lumley|access-date=20 October 2020|archive-date=23 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423135124/https://books.google.com/books?id=Q-lAAAAAcAAJ&q=%22benjamin+thorpe%22|url-status=live}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Thorpe|first1=Benjamin|author-mask=[[Benjamin Thorpe|Thorpe, Benjamin]]|year=1907|title=The Elder Edda of Saemund Sigfusson|url=https://archive.org/details/eldereddasaemun02socigoog|quote=benjamin thorpe The Elder Edda of Saemund Sigfusson.|publisher=[[Norrœna Society]]}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Turville-Petre|first1=E. O. G.|author-link=Gabriel Turville-Petre|year=1964|title=Myth and Religion of the North: The Religion of Ancient Scandinavia|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld and Nicolson|oclc=460550410}}
-* [[Jan de Vries (linguist)|De Vries, Jan]] (1957). ''Altgermanische Religionsgeschichte'' Volume 2. 2nd ed. (repr. 1970). Grundriß der germanischen Philologie, Volume 12/II. De Gruyter. {{in lang|de}}
-* {{cite book|last1=Worsaae|first1=J. J. A.|author-link=Jens Jacob Asmussen Worsaae|year=1882|url=https://archive.org/details/industrialartsof02worsiala|quote=swastika thor.|title=The Industrial Arts of Denmark|publisher=Chapman and Hall}}
-* {{Cite book|last=Lindow|first=John|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KlT7tv3eMSwC|title=Norse Mythology: A Guide to Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs|date=2002|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-983969-8|language=en|author-link=John Lindow}}
 {{refend}}
 ===Tư liệu===
 *[https://myndir.uvic.ca/Sif01.html MyNDIR (My Norse Digital Image Repository)] Illustrations of Sif from manuscripts and early print books. Clicking on the thumbnail will give you the full image and information concerning it.
-*[https://myndir.uvic.ca/ThoR01.html MyNDIR (My Norse Digital Image Repository)] Illustrations of {{lang|non|Þórr|italic=no}} from manuscripts and early print books. Clicking on a thumbnail brings up the full image and information concerning it.
 {{NorseMythology}}
 {{authority control}}

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