Tingnan ang wikitext ng Dolyar ng Australya

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{{MOS|date=Disyembre 2023}}
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{{Infobox Currency 
| currency_name_in_local = <!-- not needed if it is the same as the title and only the English variant provided -->
| name_abbr= A$, AU$
| image_1 = File:Australian 100 dollar note Obverse Fourth Series.jpeg
| image_width_1 = 175px
| image_title_1 = $100 banknote (2020, obverse)
| image_2 = File:Australian_$1_Coin.png
| image_width_2 = 100px
| image_title_2 = $1&nbsp;coin (reverse)
| iso_code = AUD
| using_countries = '''{{Flag|Australia}}'''
{{Collapsible list
| title = 7 [[States and territories of Australia|external territories]]
|{{Flagdeco|AUS}} [[Ashmore and Cartier Islands]]<br />{{Flagdeco|AUS}} [[Australian Antarctic Territory]]<br />{{flag|Christmas Island}}<br />{{Flag|Cocos (Keeling) Islands}}<br />{{Flagdeco|AUS}} [[Coral Sea Islands Territory]]<br />{{Flagdeco|AUS}} [[Heard Island and McDonald Islands]]<br />{{Flag|Norfolk Island}}}}
{{Collapsible list
| title = 3 other countries
|{{Flag|Kiribati}} (alongside [[Kiribati dollar]])<br />{{Flag|Nauru}}<br />{{Flag|Tuvalu}} (alongside [[Tuvaluan dollar]])}}
| unofficial_users = 
| inflation_rate = 5.4% ([[Australia]] only)
| pegged_by = [[Tuvaluan dollar]] and [[Kiribati dollar]] at par
| inflation_source_date = [https://www.rba.gov.au/inflation-overview.html Reserve Bank of Australia], September quarter 2023.
| unit = dollar
| subunit_ratio_1 = {{frac|1|100}}
| subunit_name_1 = [[Cent (currency)|cent]]
| symbol = [[Dollar sign|$]]
| symbol_subunit_1 = c
| frequently_used_coins = [[Australian five-cent coin|5c]], [[Australian ten-cent coin|10c]], [[Australian twenty-cent coin|20c]], [[Australian fifty-cent coin|50c]], [[Australian one-dollar coin|$1]], [[Australian two-dollar coin|$2]]
| rarely_used_coins = [[Australian one-cent coin|1c]], [[Australian two-cent coin|2c]] (no longer in production)
| coin_article = Coins of the Australian dollar
| frequently_used_banknotes = [[Australian five-dollar note|$5]], [[Australian ten-dollar note|$10]], [[Australian twenty-dollar note|$20]], [[Australian fifty-dollar note|$50]], [[Australian one hundred-dollar note|$100]] 
| rarely_used_banknotes = [[Australian one-dollar note|$1]], [[Australian two-dollar note|$2]] (no longer in production) 
| banknote_article = Banknotes of the Australian dollar
| date_of_introduction = 14 February 1966
| replaced_currency = [[Australian pound]]
| issuing_authority = [[Reserve Bank of Australia]]
| issuing_authority_website = {{URL|www.rba.gov.au}}
| printer = [[Note Printing Australia]]
| printer_website = {{URL|www.noteprinting.com}}
| mint = [[Royal Australian Mint]]
| mint_website = {{URL|www.ramint.gov.au}}
}}

Ang '''Australian dollar''' ([[currency sign|sign]]: '''$'''; [[ISO 4217|code]]: '''AUD'''; pinaikling '''A $''' o kung minsan ay '''AU$''' upang makilala ito mula sa iba pang [[dollar|dollar-denominated currency]];<ref>{{cite book|title=Ang Gabay sa istilo ng nilalaman ng Web: isang mahalagang sanggunian para sa mga online na manunulat ...|first1=Gerry|last1=McGovern|first2=Rob|last2=Norton|first3=Catherine|last3=O'Dowd|page=104|isbn=978-0-273-65605-0|publisher= [[FT Press]]|year=2002|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wH3nimSNWSsC&pg=PA104|access-date=30 Hulyo 2010|archive-date=14 Enero 2023|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20230114143544/https://books.google.com/books?id=wH3nimSNWSsC&pg=PA104|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite aklat |url = https://archive.org/details/canadianstylegui0000unse |title = The Canadian Style |publisher = Dundurn Press/[[Public Works and Government Services Canada|Translation Bureau]] |year=1997 |isbn=1-55002 -276-8 |access-date=30 July 2010 }}</ref> at tinutukoy din bilang '''dollar''' o '''Aussie dollar''') ay ang opisyal na [[currency]] at [[Legal tender#Australia|legal na tender]] ng [[Australia]], kasama ang [[Estado at teritoryo ng Australia|lahat ng panlabas na teritoryo]], at tatlong independiyenteng soberanya [[Pacific Islands|Pacific Island states]]: [[Kiribati]], [[Nauru]], at [[Tuvalu]].<ref name=RBA>[https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2015C00201 ''Reserve Bank Act 1959'', s.36(1)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616172012/https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2015C00201 |date=16 Hunyo 2019 }} , at [https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2016C01090 ''Currency Act 1965'', s.16] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231026220610/https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2016C01090 |date=26 Oktubre 2023 }}</ref><ref name=nauru>{{cite web|url=http://naurugov.nr/about- nauru/visiting-nauru/currency.aspx|title=Currency|website=The Government of the Republic of Nauru|access-date=12 February 2023}}</ref><ref name=tuvalu>{{cite web|url= https://www.dfat.gov.au/geo/tuvalu/tuvalu-country-brief|title=Tuvalu country brief|website=Australian Government – Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade|access-date=12 February 2023}}</ref><ref name=kiribati>{{cite web|url=https://www.dfat.gov.au/geo/kiribati/kiribati-country-brief|title=Kiribati country brief|website=Australian Government – Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade|access-date=12 Pebrero 2023}}</ref>

Ang dolyar ng Australia ay ipinakilala bilang isang [[decimal currency]] noong 14 Pebrero 1966 upang palitan ang non-decimal [[Australian pound]], na may rate ng conversion na dalawang dolyar sa pound (A£1 = A$2). Ito ay nahahati sa 100 [[cent (currency)|cents]]. Ang simbolo ng $ ay nauuna sa halaga. Sa pagpapakilala ng pera, ang simbolo ng $ ay nilayon na magkaroon ng dalawang stroke, ngunit ang bersyon na may isang stroke ay palaging katanggap-tanggap.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Style Manual: Para sa mga May-akda at Printer ng Australian Government Publications |publisher=Commonwealth Government Printing Office |year=1966 |edition=1st |location=Canberra |page=35 |language=fil |oclc=10365249}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last= Australian Decimal Currency Board |date=1965 |title=The decimal currency handbook : isang komprehensibong gabay sa bagong decimal currency ng Australia at ang changeover period - binalak na magsimula noong 1966 |page=19}}</ref>

Noong 2023, mayroong A$4.4 milyon na mga barya<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.ramint.gov.au/sites/default/files/2023/2022-23_ram_annual-report_11-10-23. pdf |title=2022–23 Taunang Ulat |last=Royal Australian Mint |date=22 Setyembre 2023 |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia |page=95 |issn=2206-0375 |author-link=Royal Australian Mint }}{{Dead link|date=Enero 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> at A$101.3 bilyon sa mga tala<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/annual-reports/rba/2023/banknotes.html#r5 |title=Reserve Bank of Australia Annual Report 2023 |date=14 Setyembre 2023 |page=103 |issn=1448-5303}}</ref> ng Australian [[currency in circulation]], o humigit-kumulang A$6,700 bawat tao sa Australia,<ref>{{ Sipiin ang web |last=Wright |first=Shane |date=2023-07-23 |title=Malaking pagbabago: Ipinapakita ng development na maaaring naabot ng Australia ang peak cash |url=https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal /big-change-development-shows-australia-may-have-reached-peak-cash-20230721-p5dqb4.html |access-date=2023-12-20 |website=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |publisher= [[Nine Entertainment]] |language=en-AU}}</ref> na kinabibilangan ng mga cash reserves na hawak ng banking system at cash in circulation sa ibang mga bansa o hawak bilang isang [[foreign exchange reserve]].

== Batayang Konstitusyon ==
[[Section 51(xii) of the Constitution of Australia]] ay nagbibigay sa [[Parliament of Australia|Commonwealth (federal) Parliament]] ng kapangyarihang magbatas patungkol sa "currency, coinage, at legal tender".<ref>{ {Cite Legislation AU|Cth|act|coaca430|Australian Constitution|51}}(xii)</ref> Ang mga estado ay hindi pinapayagang mag-coin ng pera, alinsunod sa seksyon 115 na nagtatakda na "[a] State shall not coin money , ni gumawa ng anuman maliban sa ginto at pilak na barya bilang legal na bayad sa pagbabayad ng mga utang".<ref>{{Cite Legislation AU|Cth|act|coaca430|Australian Constitution|115}}</ref> Sa ilalim ng probisyong ito ang [[Perth] Mint]], na pagmamay-ari ng gobyerno ng [[Western Australia]]n, ay gumagawa pa rin ng mga ginto at pilak na barya na may legal na katayuan sa tender,{{citation needed|date=June 2019}} ang [[Australian Gold Nugget]] at [[Australian Silver Kookaburra]]. Ang mga ito, gayunpaman, bagama't may katayuan ng legal na tender, ay halos hindi kailanman ipinakalat o ginagamit sa pagbabayad ng mga utang, at karamihan ay itinuturing na [[bullion coin]]. Ginagawa na ngayon ang mga barya sa Australia sa [[Royal Australian Mint]] sa [[Canberra]].

== Kasaysayan ==
{{Redirect|Australian Royal|Australian royalty|Monarchy of Australia}}
{{Karagdagang|Ekonomya ng Australia}}
{{Tingnan din|Kasaysayan ng pera ng Australia}}

=== Background ===
Bago ang [[Australian federation|Federation]] noong 1901, ang anim na kolonya na binubuo ng Australia ay may magkahiwalay na mga pera, na lahat ay malapit na kinopya ang [[pound sterling|British currency system]], at kadalasang napapalitan sa isa't isa sa isang- sa-isang batayan. Kaya naman ang Federation ay hindi nakitang apurahang nangangailangan ng isang solong, pinag-isang pera. Para sa isa pang 10 taon, ang mga kolonyal na banknote at mga barya ay patuloy na naging pangunahing nagpapalipat-lipat na mga pera.

Noong 1902, isang piling komite ng [[Australian House of Representatives|House of Representatives]], na pinamumunuan ni [[George Edwards (Australian politician)|George Edwards]], ay nagrekomenda na ang Australia ay magpatibay ng isang solong pambansang decimal na pera, na may isang libra na nahahati sa sampung [[Florin (British coin)|florin]]s at bawat florin ay binubuo ng 100 cents.<ref>{{cite news |url = https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/%20House_of_Representatives_Committees?url=reports%2F1902%2F1902_ppd4.pdf |title = Ulat mula sa Select Committee on Coinage |publisher = Commonwealth of Australia |date = 3 Abril 1902 |access-date = 31 Oktubre 2019 |archive-date = 19 Disyembre 2019 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191219173736/https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/House_of_Representatives_Committees?url=reports%2F1902%2F1902_ppdus |8 = live |url-status = live }}</ref> Gayunpaman, hindi naaksyunan ang rekomendasyon.

Ang [[Australian pound]] (A£) ay ipinakilala noong 1910, katumbas ng [[pound sterling]] (A£1 = UK£1). Tulad ng UK pound, hinati ito sa 240 pence, o 20 shillings (bawat isa ay binubuo ng 12 pence). Noong Disyembre 1931, ang pera ng Australia ay pinababa ng halaga ng 25%, kung kaya't ang isang kalahating kilong shilling ng Australia ay katumbas ng isang pound sterling.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://treasury.gov.au/sites/default /files/2019-03/03_Colin_Clark_speech.pdf |title=Ano ang natutunan natin? Ang Great Depression sa Australia mula sa pananaw ngayon |website=Treasury |publisher=[[Gobyerno ng Australia]] |access-date=17 Marso 2023 |page=37 |first1=David |last1=Gruen |first2=Colin |last2=Clark }}{{Dead link|date=Enero 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

Noong 1937, isang pagbabangko [[Royal na komisyon sa Australia|royal na komisyon]],{{NoteTag|Sa kabuuan, ang "Royal Commission na itinalaga upang magtanong sa mga sistema ng pananalapi at pagbabangko sa kasalukuyang operasyon sa Australia"}} na itinalaga ng [ [Lyons government]], nagrekomenda na ang Australia ay magpatibay ng "isang sistema ng decimal coinage ... batay sa paghahati ng Australian pound sa [[Mill (currency)|1000 parts]]".<ref name="new">{ {cite news |url = https://museum.rba.gov.au/exhibitions/the-decimal-revolution/a-new-currency/ |title = A New Currency |publisher = Reserve Bank of Australia Museum |access-date = 17 Oktubre 2019 |archive-date = 29 Nobyembre 2019 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191129032752/https://museum.rba.gov.au/exhibitions/the-decimal-revolution /a-new-currency/ |url-status = live }}</ref> Hindi rin tinanggap ang rekomendasyong ito.

=== Pag-ampon ng dolyar ===
Noong Pebrero 1959, ang treasurer [[Harold Holt]] ay nagtalaga ng Decimal Currency Committee, na pinamumunuan ni [[Walter D. Scott]], upang suriin ang mga merito ng decimalization. Ang komite ay nag-ulat noong Agosto 1960 na pabor sa decimalization at iminungkahi na ang isang bagong pera ay ipinakilala (mula Pebrero 1963), upang maging modelo sa pagpapalit ng South Africa ng [[South African pound]] ng [[South African rand|rand] ] (nagkakahalaga ng 10 shillings o {{frac|2}} pound). Ang [[Menzies Government (1949–66)|Menzies government]] ay nag-anunsyo ng suporta nito para sa decimalization noong Hulyo 1961, ngunit naantala ang proseso upang mabigyan ng karagdagang konsiderasyon ang proseso ng pagpapatupad.<ref>{{cite news |url=https ://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/featurearticlesbytitle/9A953DE15F376525CA256F2A00073477?OpenDocument |title=Ulat ng 1959 Decimal Currency Committee |publisher=Australian |4=year Bureau of Statistics19719 |5=Oktubre 2019 |archive-date=22 Disyembre 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222144523/https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/featurearticlesbytitle/ |url-status=live |access-date=28 Disyembre 2023 }}</ref> Noong Abril 1963, inihayag ni Holt na ang isang decimal na currency ay naka-iskedyul na ipakilala noong Pebrero 1966, na may base unit na katumbas ng 10 shillings, at ang Currency ay isang Decilling. itatag upang pangasiwaan ang proseso ng paglipat.<ref name=new/>

Isang proseso ng pampublikong konsultasyon ang ginanap kung saan mahigit 1,000 pangalan ang iminungkahi para sa bagong pera. Noong Hunyo 1963, inihayag ni Holt na ang bagong pera ay tatawaging "royal". Nakatagpo ito ng malawakang hindi pag-apruba ng publiko, at pagkaraan ng tatlong buwan ay inihayag na sa halip ay tatawagin itong "dollar".<ref>{{cite news |url = https://www.moadoph.gov.au/blog/the%20-introduction-of-decimal-currency-how-we-avoided-nostrils-and-learned-to-love-the-bill/ |title = The Introduction of Decimal Currency: Kung Paano Namin Iniiwasan ang mga Buto ng Ilong at Natutong Mahalin ang Bill |publisher = Museum of Australian Democracy |access-date = 17 Oktubre 2019 |archive-date = 20 Disyembre 2019 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191220113518/https://www.moadoph.gov./ |url-status = live }}</ref>

==Mga sanggunian==
{{Reflist}}

[[Kategorya:Australia]]