Tingnan ang wikitext ng Abdus Salam


{{Infobox scientist
| honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=PAK|FRS|NI(M)|SPk|size=100%}}
| name = Abdus Salam 
| image = Abdus Salam 1987.jpg
| caption = Abdus Salam in 1987
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1926|1|29}}
| birth_place = [[Jhang]],<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1311473|title=Abdus Salam: The real story of Pakistan's Nobel prize winner|first=Hasham|last=Cheema|date=29 January 2018|website=DAWN.COM}}</ref> [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province]], [[British Raj|British India]] (present day [[Punjab]], [[Pakistan]])
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1996|11|21|1926|1|29}}
| death_place = [[Oxford]], [[England]], [[United Kingdom]]
| nationality = [[British Raj|British Indian]] (1926–1947)<br />[[Pakistani people|Pakistani]] (1947–1996)
| fields = [[Theoretical physics]]
| workplaces = {{Plainlist|
* [[Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission|PAEC]]
* [[Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission|SUPARCO]]
* [[Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology|PINSTECH]]
* [[University of the Punjab|Punjab University]]
* [[Imperial College London]]
* [[Government College University, Lahore|Government College University]]
* [[University of Cambridge]]
* [[International Centre for Theoretical Physics|ICTP]]
* [[COMSATS]]
* [[TWAS]]
* [[Columbia University]]
* [[University of Karachi]]
* [[University of Chicago]]
* [[University of Houston]]
*[[Edward Bouchet Abdus Salam Institute]]}}
| alma_mater = [[Government College University (Lahore)|Government College University Lahore]] (BA)<br /> [[University of Mumbai]] <br />[[University of the Punjab|Punjab University]] (MA) <br />[[St. John's College, Cambridge|St. John's College]], [[University of Cambridge|Cambridge]] (PhD)
| thesis_title = Developments in quantum theory of fields
| thesis_url = http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648055
| thesis_year = 1952<!--Nobelprize.org contradicts Mathematics Genealogy Project-->
| doctoral_advisor = [[Nicholas Kemmer]]
| academic_advisors = [[Paul Taunton Matthews|Paul Matthews]]
| doctoral_students = {{Plainlist|
* [[Qaisar Shafi]]
* [[Michael Duff (physicist)|Michael Duff]]
* [[Daniel Afedzi Akyeampong]]
* [[Ali Chamseddine]]
* [[Robert Delbourgo]]
* [[Walter Gilbert]]
* [[John Moffat (physicist)|John Moffat]]
* [[Yuval Ne'eman]]
* [[John Polkinghorne]]
* [[Ray Streater]]
* [[Riazuddin (physicist)|Riazuddin]]
* [[Fayyazuddin]]
* [[Masud Ahmad]]
* [[Partha Ghose]]
* [[Kamaluddin Ahmed (physicist)|Kamaluddin Ahmed]]
* [[John Clayton Taylor|John Taylor]]
* [[Ghulam Murtaza (physicist)|Ghulam Murtaza]]
* [[Christopher Isham]]{{sfn|Fraser|2008|p=119}}
* [[Munir Ahmad Rashid]]
*[[Peter West (physicist)|Peter West]]}}
<!--To be included later if they get their own wiki biographies:
  [[Saeed Akhtar Durrani]]*[[Daniel Akyeampong]]*[[Robert Delbourgo]]*[[William Franklin (physicist)|William Franklin]]*[[Penelope Ionides Rowlatt]]*[[Ron Shaw]]*[[Raymond Streater]]-->| notable_students = {{Plainlist|
* [[Jonathan Ashmore]]<ref name=rsbmashmore>{{cite journal|last1=Ashmore|first1=Jonathan Felix|author-link=Jonathan Ashmore|title=Paul Fatt. 13 January 1924 – 28 September 2014|journal=[[Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society]]|location=London|volume=62|year=2016|pages=167–186|issn=0080-4606|doi=10.1098/rsbm.2016.0005|doi-access=free}}</ref>
* [[Faheem Hussain]]
* [[Pervez Hoodbhoy]]
* [[Abdul Hameed Nayyar]]
* [[Ghulam Dastagir Alam]]}}
| known_for = {{flatlist|
*[[Electroweak theory]]
*[[Goldstone boson]]
*[[Grand Unified Theory]]
*[[Higgs mechanism]]
*[[Magnetic photon]]
*[[Neutral current]]
*[[Pati–Salam model]]
*[[Quantum mechanics]]
*[[Pakistan and its Nuclear Deterrent Program|Pakistan atomic research program]]<!---He had a secretive nature over this issue, he had secretive key role in both weapon (until 1974; when he left after he fallout with Bhutto) and peaceful scientific programmes. ---->
*[[Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission|Pakistan space program]]
*[[Preon]]
*[[Standard Model]]
*[[Strong gravity]]
*[[Superfield]]
*[[W and Z bosons]]
}}
| influences = [[Paul Dirac]]<ref>{{harvnb|Fraser|2008|pp=280}}</ref><br/>Anilendra Ganguly<ref name="Wangchuk2019">{{cite web |last1=Wangchuk |first1=Rinchen Norbu |title='This is Your Prize, Sir.' How a Pak Nobel Laureate Paid Tribute to His Indian Guru |url=https://www.thebetterindia.com/200596/nobel-prize-pakistan-abdus-salam-tribute-indian-teacher-heartwarming/ |publisher=[[The Better India]] |access-date=31 August 2021 |language=English |date=18 October 2019 |quote=“The teacher was feeble and unable to sit up and greet him when Dr Salam visited him in his house. Dr Salam took his Nobel medal and said that ‘Mr Anilendra Ganguly this medal is a result of your teaching and love of mathematics that you instilled in me,’ and he put the medal around his teachers’ neck,” writes Zia H Shah MD, a New York-based physician and Chief Editor of the Muslim Times, in this article.  His son narrates another version of the story in the Netflix documentary.  “He took the medal to his teacher in India, who was a very old [man] by then. His teacher was lying flat on his back and couldn’t get out of bed. And there is a picture of my father putting the medal (Nobel Prize) into his hands… And he told him, ‘This is your prize Sir. It’s not mine.’”}}</ref>
| influenced = 
| awards = {{nowrap |[[Smith's Prize]] (1950)<br/>[[Adams Prize]] (1958)<br/>[[Sitara-e-Pakistan]] (1959)<br/>[[Hughes Medal]] (1964)<br/>[[Atoms for Peace Prize]] (1968)<br/>[[Royal Medal]] (1978)<br/>[[Matteucci Medal]] (1978)<br/>[[Nobel Prize in Physics]] (1979)<br/>[[Nishan-e-Imtiaz]] (1979)<br/>[[Lomonosov Gold Medal]] (1983)<br/>[[Copley Medal]] (1990) }}
| signature = AbdusSalamBlackpenAutograph.gif
| spouse = {{Plainlist|
{{marriage|Amtul Hafeez Begum|1949|1996}}
{{marriage|[[Louise Johnson]]|1968|1996}}
}}
| children = 6
}}

Si '''Mohammad Abdus Salam'''<ref name="cosmic-anger-249">{{harvnb|Fraser|2008|p=249}}  Salam adopted the forename "Mohammad" in 1974 in response to the [[anti-Ahmadiyya]] decrees in Pakistan, similarly he grew his beard.</ref><ref name="The Dawn Newspapers (Archive, 21 November 2011)">{{cite web|last=Rizvi |first=Murtaza |title=Salaam Abdus Salam |url=http://www.dawn.com/2011/11/21/salaam-abdus-salam.html |date=21 November 2011 |publisher=The Dawn Newspapers |quote=Mohammad Abdus Salam (1926–1996) was his full name, which may add to the knowledge of those who wish he was either not Ahmadi or Pakistani. He was given the task of Pakistan's atomic bomb programme, as well as Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission to resolve energy crisis and Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO). Unfortunately he failed in all the three fields. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217182735/http://www.dawn.com/2011/11/21/salaam-abdus-salam.html |archive-date=17 February 2012 }}</ref><ref>This is the standard transliteration (e.g. see the [http://www.ictp.trieste.it/ ICTP Website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080228105122/http://www.ictp.trieste.it/ |date=28 February 2008 }} and [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1979/salam-bio.html Nobel Bio]). See [[Abd as-Salam]] for more details.</ref> {{post-nominals|country=PAK|FRS|NI(M)|SPk|KBE}} ({{IPAc-en|s|æ|ˈ|l|æ|m}}; {{IPA-hns|əbd̪ʊs səlaːm|pron}}; 29 January 1926{{spaced ndash}}21 November 1996)<ref name="kibble98">{{Cite journal | last1 = Kibble | first1 = T. W. B. | author-link = Tom W. B. Kibble| doi = 10.1098/rsbm.1998.0025 | title = Abdus Salam, K. B. E.. 29 January 1926 – 21 November 1996 | journal = [[Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society]] | volume = 44 | pages = 387–401 | date = 1998 |jstor=770251| doi-access = free }}</ref> ay iasng [[Pakistan]]ing [[pisikong teoretikal]] at [[Nobel Laureate]] sa [[Pisika]] para sa kanyang kontribusyon kasama nina [[Sheldon Glashow]] at [[Steven Weinberg]] sa paliwanag ng [[interaksiyong elektroweak]] ng [[Pamantayang Modelo]] ng [[Pisika]].<ref name="Nobel Prize">{{cite news|url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1979/ |work=Nobel Prize |title=1979 Nobel Prize in Physics |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140706082221/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1979/ |archive-date=6 July 2014 |url-status=live |df=dmy }}</ref> Siya ang kauna-unahang Pakista at [[Muslim]] ng He was the first Pakistani and the first from an [[Islamic country]] to receive a Nobel Prize in science and the second from an Islamic country to receive any Nobel Prize, after [[Anwar Sadat]] of Egypt.<ref name="Ghani 1982 i-xi">{{harv|Ghani|1982|pp=i–xi}}</ref> Isa siyang kasapi ng [[Ahmadiyya Islam]] at noong 1974, nilisan ni Abdus Salam ang kanyang bansa bilang protesta pagkatapos na ang [[Parliamento ng Pakistan]] ay nagpasa ng bata ng nagdedeklarang ang mga kasapi ng sektang [[Ahmadiyya]] ng [[Islam]] ay hindi mga Muslim.
==Mga sanggunian==
{{reflist}}

{{Nobel Prize in Physics Laureates 1901–1925}}
[[Kategorya:Ahmaddiya]]
[[Kategorya:Mga pisikong teoretikal]]
[[Kategorya:Mga Pakistani]]