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Werner Heisenberg

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Werner Heisenberg
Heisenberg taun 1933
LahirWerner Karl Heisenberg
5 Désémber 1901
Würzburg, Karajaan Bavaria, Kakaisaran Jérman
Tilar1 Pébruari 1976 (yuswa 74)
Munich, Bavaria, Jérman Kulon
PadumukanMunich Waldfriedhof
KabangsaanJérman
WidangFisika téorétis
Institusi
Alma mater
TesisOn stability and turbulence of liquid flows (1923)
Pangaping doktoralArnold Sommerfeld
Pembimbing akademik lainnya
Mahasiswa doktoral
Mahasiswa ternama lainnya
Dipikawanoh lantaran
Mangaruhan
Layang pangajén
PasanganElisabeth Schumacher (m. 1937)
Anak7 (contona Jochen jeung Martin)
Tanda tangan
Tanda tangan

Werner Karl Heisenberg (/ˈhzənbɜːrɡ/;[2] basa Jérman: [ˈvɛɐ̯nɐ ˈhaɪzn̩ˌbɛɐ̯k]; 5 Désémber 1901 – 1 Pébruari 1976) nyaéta fisikawan téorétis Jérman jeung salah saurang pionir konci mékanika kuantum. Anjeunna medalkeun panalungtikna taun 1925 dina makalah terobosan. Dina runtuyan makalah sanggeusna jeung Max Born sarta Pascual Jordan, sapanjang taun nu sarua, formulasi matriks mékanika kuantum ieu diguar sacara substansial. Anjeunna dipikawanoh ku prinsip kateupastian Heisenberg, nu dipedalkeun taun 1927. Heisenberg dibéré anugrah Hadiah Nobel widang Fisika 1932 "pikeun jasana nyiptakeun mékanika kuantum".[3]

Anjeunna ogé ngabuat kontribusi penting kana téori hidrodinamika arus turbulen, inti atom, feromagnétisme, sinar kosmis, jeung partikel subatom, sarta anjeunna miboga peran penting dina ngarencanakeun réaktor nuklir Jérman Kulon kahiji di Karlsruhe, bareng jeung réaktor panalungtik di Munich, dina taun 1957. Anjeunna jadi élmuwan pupuhu di proyék pakarang nuklir Nazi Jérman salila mangsa Perang Dunya II. Anjeunna indit ka Copenhagen nu dijajah Jérman, tempat anjeunna tepang jeung ngadiskusikeun proyék Jérman sareng Niels Bohr.

Saanggeus Perang Dunya II, anjeunna ditunjuk jadi diréktur Institut Kaiser Wilhelm Institute pikeun Fisika, nu engkéna digentos ngaranna jadi Institut Max Planck Institute pikeun Fisika. Anjeunna jadi diréktur di ieu institut nepi ka pindah ka Munich taun 1958, pas ieu institut dikembangkeun jeung digentos ngaranna Institut Max Planck pikeun Fisika jeung Astrofisika.

Heisenberg ogé jadi présidén Déwan Panalungtikan Jérman, pupuhu Komisi Fisika Atom, pupuhu Nucléar Physics Working Group, jeung présidén Yayasan Alexander von Humboldt.[1]

Pedalan

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Bibliografi

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Artikel petingan

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Rujukan budaya

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Heisenberg jadi inspirasi di balik "Heisenberg", alter égo Walter White, protagonis utama Breaking Bad.[4]

Tingali ogé

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Rujukan

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  1. a b Salah ngutip: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama formemrs
  2. "Heisenberg". Collins English Dictionary.
  3. "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1932". Nobelprize.org. Diakses tanggal 7 Désémber 2012.  Sumber ieu ngajéntrékeun Heisenberg sabenerna narima Hadiah Nobel 1932 dina 1 tahun saanggeusna, dina 1933.
  4. Conradt, Stacy (1 Oktober 2013). "Beyond Breaking Bad: Meet the real Heisenberg". The Week. Diakses tanggal 21 Maret 2019. 

Bacaan lanjutan

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  • Born, Max The statistical interpretation of quantum mechanics. Kuliah Nobel – 11 Désémber 1954.
  • Cassidy, David C. Werner Heisenberg : A Bibliography of His Writings, Second, Expanded Edition (Whittier, 2001)
  • Cassidy, David C. (May 1992). "Heisenberg, Uncertainty and the Quantum Revolution". Scientific American 266 (5): 106–112. Bibcode 1992SciAm.266e.106C. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0592-106. http://web.williams.edu/chemistry/epeacock/EPL_CHEM_361/LEC_NOTES_F06/Lec4.Heisppr.pdf. 
  • Dörries, Matthias Michael Frayn's 'Copenhagen' in Debate: Historical Essays and Documents on the 1941 Meeting Between Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg (Univérsitas California, 2005)
  • Fischer, Ernst P. Werner Heisenberg: Das selbstvergessene Genie (Piper, 2002)
  • Heisenberg, Werner "A Scientist's case for the Classics" (Harper's Magazine, Méi 1958, p. 25–29)
  • Heisenberg, Werner Across the Frontiers (Harper & Row, 1974)
  • Kleint, Christian and Gerald Wiemer Werner Heisenberg im Spiegel seiner Leipziger Schüler und Kollegen (Leipziger Universitätsverlag, 2005)
  • Medawar, Jean: Pyke, David (2012). Hitler's Gift: The True Story of the Scientists Expelled by the Nazi Regime (paperback). New York: Arcade Publishing. ISBN 978-1-61145-709-4. 
  • Papenfuß, Dietrich, Dieter Lüst, and Wolfgang P. Schleich 100 Years Werner Heisenberg: Works and Impact (Wiley-VCH, 2002)
  • Powers, Thomas, "The Private Heisenberg and the Absent Bomb" (ulasan Werner jeung Elisabeth Heisenberg, My Dear Li: Correspondence, 1937–1946, diédit ku Anna Maria Hirsch-Heisenberg jeung ditarjamahkeun ti basa Jérman ku Irene Heisenberg, Yale University Press, 312 pp.), The New York Review of Books, vol. LXIII, no. 20 (22 Désémber 2016, pp. 65–67. "Heisenberg, Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, and... Karl Wirtz [during World War II led] an effort [to prevent] a complete shutdown [of work toward a German atom bomb], which would condemn young physicists to military service... or takeover by Nazi extremists who might think an atomic bomb could still give Hitler a complete victory." (p. 66.) Desiring on ethical grounds to prevent the introduction of nucléar wéapons into the world, the key German nucléar physicists "'agreed... not to deny [the feasibility of] an atomic bomb, but... to [argue] that it could not be implemented within a realistic time frame...'" (p. 67.)
  • Rechenberg, Helmut und Gerald Wiemers Werner Heisenberg (1901–1976), Schritte in die neue Physik (Sax-Verlag Beucha, 2001)
  • Rhodes, Richard The Making of the Atomic Bomb (Simon jeung Schuster, 1986)
  • Schiemann, Gregor Werner Heisenberg (C.H. Beck, 2008)
  • von Weizsäcker, Carl Friedrich and Bartel Leendert van der Waerden Werner Heisenberg (Hanser, Carl GmbH, 1977)
  • Walker, Mark (1989). "National Socialism and German Physics". Journal of Contemporary Physics 24 (5655): 63–89. Bibcode 1978Natur.272..738M. doi:10.1038/272738a0. 
  • Walker, Mark (1995). Nazi Science: Myth, Truth, and the German Atomic Bomb. Perseus. 
  • Walker, Mark (2005). "German Work on Nuclear Weapons". Historia Scientiarum; International Journal for the History of Science Society of Japan 14 (3): 164–181. 

Tutumbu luar

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