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(24 révisi antara karya leuwih ti 14 pamaké teu ditémbongkeun)
Baris ka-1: Baris ka-1:
{{coord|29.5734571|N|2.3730469|E|scale:10000000|format=dms|display=title}}
{{coord|29.5734571|N|2.3730469|E|scale:10000000|format=dms|display=title}}
{{Infobox country
{{Infobox country
|native_name ='''الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية{{Spaces|2}}{{resize|75%|([[basa Arab]])}}'''<br />{{Transl|ar|ISO|''"al-Jumhūriyya al-Jazāʾiriyya ad-Dīmuqrāṭiyya asy-Syaʿbiyya"''}}<br /><ref group="note">Di Aljazair, [[basa Berber|Tamazight]] sacara konstitusionalna gues diakuan salaku hiji [[Basa di Aljazair|basa nasional]]. [[Pamaréntah Aljazair]] ngakuan yén rupa-rupa [[basa Berber]] di Aljazair mangrupakeun basa nasional jeung wewengkon nu kedah dimumulé. Ngaran resmi Aljazair dina [[basa Berber]] nya éta:
|native_name ='''الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية{{Spaces|2}}{{resize|75%|([[basa Arab]])}}'''<br />{{Transl|ar|ISO|''"al-Jumhūriyya al-Jazāʾiriyya ad-Dīmuqrāṭiyya asy-Syaʿbiyya"''}}<br /><ref group="note">Di Aljazair, [[basa Berber|Tamazight]] sacara konstitusionalna gues diakuan salaku hiji [[Basa di Aljazair|basa nasional]]. [[Pamaréntah Aljazair]] ngakuan yén rupa-rupa [[basa Berber]] di Aljazair mangrupa basa nasional jeung wewengkon nu kedah dimumulé. Ngaran resmi Aljazair dina [[basa Berber]] nyaéta:
* [[Basa Berber]], [[Aksara Tifinagh]]: ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴳⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵖⴻⵔⴼⴻⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵜ
* [[Basa Berber]], [[Aksara Tifinagh]]: ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴳⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵖⴻⵔⴼⴻⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵢⵔⵉⵜ
''Tagduda Tamegdayt Taɣerfant tazzayrit'';
''Tagduda Tamegdayt Taɣerfant tazzayrit'';
Baris ka-7: Baris ka-7:
| conventional_long_name=Républik Démokratik Rahayat Aljazair
| conventional_long_name=Républik Démokratik Rahayat Aljazair
| common_name =Algeria
| common_name =Algeria
| national_anthem = <center>[[File:Kassaman instrumental.ogg]]</center><br />"[[Kassaman]]"<br /><small>''"Urang Jangji"''</small>
| national_anthem = <center>[[Gambar:Kassaman instrumental.ogg]]</center><br />"[[Kassaman]]"<br /><small>''"Urang Jangji"''</small>
| national_motto =<big> بالشّعب وللشّعب </big>{{Spaces|2}}<small>([[basa Arab]])<br />"S weɣref i weɣref" ([[basa Berber|Berber]])<br />"Ku masarakat jeung pikeun masarakat"</small><ref name="CONST-AR">(28 Nopémber 1996). [http://www.el-mouradia.dz/arabe/symbole/textes/constitution96.htm ''Konstitusi Aljazair''], Pasal 11 (dina [[basa Arab]]).[[Présidén Aljazair|Kantor Kaprésidénan Aljazair]]. Ditarima 15 Séptémber 2011.</ref><ref name="CONST-EN">(28 Nopémber 1996). [http://www.apn-dz.org/apn/english/constitution96/titre_01.htm ''Konstitusi Aljazair''] Pasal 11. [[Présidén Aljazair|Kantor Kaprésidénan Aljazair]]. Ditarima 15 Séptémber 2011.</ref>
| national_motto =<big> بالشّعب وللشّعب </big>{{Spaces|2}}<small>([[basa Arab]])<br />"S weɣref i weɣref" ([[basa Berber|Berber]])<br />"Ku masarakat jeung pikeun masarakat"</small><ref name="CONST-AR">(28 Nopémber 1996). [http://www.el-mouradia.dz/arabe/symbole/textes/constitution96.htm ''Konstitusi Aljazair''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120718124116/http://www.el-mouradia.dz/arabe/symbole/textes/constitution96.htm |date=2012-07-18 }}, Pasal 11 (dina [[basa Arab]]).[[Présidén Aljazair|Kantor Kaprésidénan Aljazair]]. Ditarima 15 Séptémber 2011.</ref><ref name="CONST-EN">(28 Nopémber 1996). [http://www.apn-dz.org/apn/english/constitution96/titre_01.htm ''Konstitusi Aljazair''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130725130249/http://www.apn-dz.org/apn/english/constitution96/titre_01.htm |date=2013-07-25 }} Pasal 11. [[Présidén Aljazair|Kantor Kaprésidénan Aljazair]]. Ditarima 15 Séptémber 2011.</ref>
| image_flag =Flag of Algeria.svg
| image_flag =Flag of Algeria.svg
| image_coat =Algeria emb (1976).svg
| image_coat =Algeria emb (1976).svg
| symbol_type =Lambang
| symbol_type =Lambang
| image_map =Algeria (orthographic projection).svg
| image_map =Algeria (orthographic projection).svg
| official_languages = [[basa Arab]]<ref>(28 Nopémber 1996). [http://www.apn-dz.org/apn/english/constitution96/titre_01.htm ''Konstitusi Aljazair''] Pasal 3. [[Présidén Aljazair|Kantor Kaprésidénan Aljazair]]. Ditarima 21 Séptémber 2011.</ref>
| official_languages = [[basa Arab]]<ref>(28 Nopémber 1996). [http://www.apn-dz.org/apn/english/constitution96/titre_01.htm ''Konstitusi Aljazair''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130725130249/http://www.apn-dz.org/apn/english/constitution96/titre_01.htm |date=2013-07-25 }} Pasal 3. [[Présidén Aljazair|Kantor Kaprésidénan Aljazair]]. Ditarima 21 Séptémber 2011.</ref>
| capital =[[Aljir]]
| capital =[[Aljir]]
| latd=36 |latm=42 |latNS=N |longd=3 |longm=13 |longEW=E
| latd=36 |latm=42 |latNS=N |longd=3 |longm=13 |longEW=E
Baris ka-19: Baris ka-19:
| government_type =[[Républik semi-présidénsial]]
| government_type =[[Républik semi-présidénsial]]
| leader_title1 =[[Présidén Aljazair|Présidén]]
| leader_title1 =[[Présidén Aljazair|Présidén]]
| leader_name1 =[[Abdelaziz Bouteflika]]
| leader_name1 = [[Abdelmadjid Tebboune]] (عبد المجيد تبون)
| leader_title2 =[[Perdana Mentri Aljazair|Perdana Mentri]]
| leader_title2 =[[Perdana Mentri Aljazair|Perdana Mentri]]
| leader_name2 =[[Ahmed Ouyahia]]
| leader_name2 = [[Aymen Benabderrahmane]] (أيمن بن عبد الرحمان)
| sovereignty_type =[[Sajarah Aljazair|Sajarah]]
| sovereignty_type =[[Sajarah Aljazair|Sajarah]]
| established_event1 =[[Numidia|Karajaan Berber Numidia]]
| established_event1 =[[Numidia|Karajaan Berber Numidia]]
Baris ka-50: Baris ka-50:
| areami² =919595 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| areami² =919595 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
| percent_water =tiasa teu dipadulikeun
| percent_water =tiasa teu dipadulikeun
| population_estimate =36.423.000<ref name=unpop>{{cite book | url=http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/population-hiv2010/population-hiv2010chart.pdf| title = Population and HIV/AIDS 2010| format=[[Portable Document Format|PDF format]]; requires [[Adobe Acrobat|Adobe Reader]] | publisher=Population Division of the [[United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]] | author=Staff | year=2010 | accessdate= 15 September 2011 | isbn = 978-92-1-151474-2}}</ref>
| population_estimate =36.423.000<ref name=unpop>{{cite book | url=http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/population-hiv2010/population-hiv2010chart.pdf | title=Population and HIV/AIDS 2010 | format=[[Portable Document Format|PDF format]]; requires [[Adobe Acrobat|Adobe Reader]] | publisher=Population Division of the [[United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs]] | author=Staff | year=2010 | accessdate=15 September 2011 | isbn=978-92-1-151474-2 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814070116/http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/population-hiv2010/population-hiv2010chart.pdf |date=14 August 2011 }}</ref>
| population_estimate_year =2010
| population_estimate_year =2010
| population_census =29.100.867
| population_census =29.100.867
Baris ka-58: Baris ka-58:
| population_density_rank =ka-204
| population_density_rank =ka-204
| GDP_PPP_year =2010
| GDP_PPP_year =2010
| GDP_PPP =$251,705&nbsp;milyar<ref name="imf2">{{cite book | author=Database |date = September 2011| url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2008&ey=2011&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=612&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=&pr.x=43&pr.y=19 |title= [[World Economic Outlook|World Economic Outlook Database]] | chapter = 5. Report for Selected Countries and Subjects |publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] |accessdate= 8 October 2011}}</ref>
| GDP_PPP =$251,705&nbsp;milyar<ref name="imf2">{{cite book | author=Database | date=September 2011 | url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2008&ey=2011&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=612&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=&pr.x=43&pr.y=19 | title=[[World Economic Outlook|World Economic Outlook Database]] | chapter=5. Report for Selected Countries and Subjects | publisher=[[International Monetary Fund]] | accessdate=8 October 2011 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111190511/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2008&ey=2011&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=612&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=&pr.x=43&pr.y=19 |date=11 January 2012 }}</ref>
| GDP_PPP_rank =
| GDP_PPP_rank =
| GDP_PPP_per_capita =$6.965<ref name="imf2" />
| GDP_PPP_per_capita =$6.965<ref name="imf2" />
Baris ka-67: Baris ka-67:
| GDP_nominal_per_capita =$4.366<ref name="imf2" />
| GDP_nominal_per_capita =$4.366<ref name="imf2" />
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =
| GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =
| Gini =35,3<ref>{{cite web| author=Staff | date = undated | url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2172.html|title=Distribution of Family Income&nbsp;– Gini Index|work=[[The World Factbook]] |publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]] |accessdate=1 September 2009| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5rRcwIiYs | archivedate = 23 July 2010| deadurl=no}}</ref>
| Gini =35,3<ref>{{cite web | author = Staff | date = undated | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2172.html | title = Distribution of Family Income&nbsp;– Gini Index | work = [[The World Factbook]] | publisher = [[Central Intelligence Agency]] | accessdate = 1 September 2009 | archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5rRcwIiYs | archivedate = 23 July 2010 | deadurl = no }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090513124910/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2172.html |date=13 May 2009 }}</ref>
| Gini_year =1995
| Gini_year =1995
| Gini_category =<span style="color:#fc0;">sedeng</span>
| Gini_category =<span style="color:#fc0;">sedeng</span>
| HDI_year =2011
| HDI_year =2011
| HDI ={{increase}} 0,698<ref name="UN">{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2011_EN_Table1.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2011. Human Development Index Trends|publisher=United Nations|accessdate=2 November 2011}}</ref>
| HDI ={{increase}} 0,698<ref name="UN">{{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2011_EN_Table1.pdf|title=Human Development Report 2011. Human Development Index Trends|publisher=United Nations|accessdate=2 November 2011}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111111152313/http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2011_EN_Table1.pdf |date=11 November 2011 }}</ref>
| HDI_rank =ka-96
| HDI_rank =ka-96
| HDI_category=<span style="color:#fc0;">sedeng</span>
| HDI_category=<span style="color:#fc0;">sedeng</span>
Baris ka-82: Baris ka-82:
|cctld =[[.dz]], [[الجزائر.]]
|cctld =[[.dz]], [[الجزائر.]]
|calling_code =213
|calling_code =213
|footnotes = [[Basa Arab Standar Modérn]] mangrupakeun basa resmina.<ref>Staff (10 April 2010). [http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/pays-zones-geo_833/algerie_406/presentation-algerie_922/index.html "''Présentation de l'Algérie''"] ''(["Presentation of Algeria"])'' (dina basa Perancis). [[Kamentrian Hubungan Asing jeung Eropa (Perancis)|Kamentrian Hubungan Asing jeung Eropa Perancis]]. Ditarima 15 Séptémber 2011.</ref><br />[[Tamazight]] dipaké ku sapertilu populasi jeung geus diakuan salaku "[[basa nasional]]" ku améndemén konstitusi ti 8 Méi 2002.<ref>[http://www.magharebia.com/cocoon/awi/xhtml1/fr/features/awi/features/2007/06/21/feature-01 ''"L'Algérie crée une académie de la langue amazigh"''] (dina basa Perancis).</ref> [[basa Arab Aljazair]] (atawa Darja) mangrupakeun basa nu mayoritas dipaké ku populasi. Sanajan basa Perancis teu boga status resmi, Aljazair mangrupakeun nagara Francophone kadua di dunya dumasar panyaturna<ref>[http://www.senat.fr/colloques/actes_mondialisation_francophonie/actes_mondialisation_francophonie10.html ''"La mondialisation, une chance pour la francophonie"''<!-- Titre généré automatiquement -->] (dina basa Perancis).</ref> jeung basa Perancis masih dipaké sacara luas di pamaréntahan, budaya, média (koran) jeung sistem atikan (ti sakola dasar), ku lantaran [[Kakawasaan Perancis di Aljazair|sajarah kolonial Aljazair]] jeung bisa ditémbong salaku basa sub-resmi ''de facto'' Aljazair. [[Basa Kabyle]], basa Berber nu panglobana dipaké, diajarkeun jeung mangrupakeun sub-resmi sabagian (kalawan sababaraha larangan) di babagian [[Kabylia]].
|footnotes = [[Basa Arab Standar Modérn]] mangrupa basa resmina.<ref>Staff (10 April 2010). [http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/pays-zones-geo_833/algerie_406/presentation-algerie_922/index.html "''Présentation de l'Algérie''"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110320023115/http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/pays-zones-geo_833/algerie_406/presentation-algerie_922/index.html |date=2011-03-20 }} ''(["Presentation of Algeria"])'' (dina basa Perancis). [[Kamentrian Hubungan Asing jeung Eropa (Perancis)|Kamentrian Hubungan Asing jeung Eropa Perancis]]. Ditarima 15 Séptémber 2011.</ref><br />[[Tamazight]] dipaké ku sapertilu populasi jeung geus diakuan salaku "[[basa nasional]]" ku améndemén konstitusi ti 8 Méi 2002.<ref>[http://www.magharebia.com/cocoon/awi/xhtml1/fr/features/awi/features/2007/06/21/feature-01 ''"L'Algérie crée une académie de la langue amazigh"''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110216045948/http://www.magharebia.com/cocoon/awi/xhtml1/fr/features/awi/features/2007/06/21/feature-01 |date=2011-02-16 }} (dina basa Perancis).</ref> [[basa Arab Aljazair]] (atawa Darja) mangrupa basa nu mayoritas dipaké ku populasi. Sanajan basa Perancis teu boga status resmi, Aljazair mangrupa nagara Francophone kadua di dunya dumasar panyaturna<ref>[http://www.senat.fr/colloques/actes_mondialisation_francophonie/actes_mondialisation_francophonie10.html ''"La mondialisation, une chance pour la francophonie"''<!-- Titre généré automatiquement -->] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513075102/http://www.senat.fr/colloques/actes_mondialisation_francophonie/actes_mondialisation_francophonie10.html |date=2013-05-13 }} (dina basa Perancis).</ref> jeung basa Perancis masih dipaké sacara luas di pamaréntahan, budaya, média (koran) jeung sistem atikan (ti sakola dasar), ku lantaran [[Kakawasaan Perancis di Aljazair|sajarah kolonial Aljazair]] jeung bisa ditémbong salaku basa sub-resmi ''de facto'' Aljazair. [[Basa Kabyle]], basa Berber nu panglobana dipaké, diajarkeun jeung mangrupa sub-resmi sabagian (kalawan sababaraha larangan) di babagian [[Kabylia]].
}}
}}
'''Aljazair''' ({{lang-ar|'''الجزائر'''}}, ''al-Jazā'ir''; [[basa Berber|Berber]] jeung [[basa Arab Aljazair]]: Dzayer or Ldzayer), resmina '''Républik Démokratik Rahayat Aljazair''' (''Al Jumhuriyah al Jazairiyah ad Dimuqratiyah ash Shabiyah''), mangrupakeun hiji nagara di wewengkon [[Magribi]] di Afrika kalér-kulon kalawan [[Aljir]] salaku ibu kotana.
'''Aljazair''' ({{lang-ar|'''الجزائر'''}}, ''al-Jazā'ir''; [[basa Berber|Berber]] jeung [[basa Arab Aljazair]]: Dzayer or Ldzayer), resmina '''Républik Démokratik Rahayat Aljazair''' (''Al Jumhuriyah al Jazairiyah ad Dimuqratiyah ash Shabiyah''), mangrupa hiji nagara di wewengkon [[Magribi]] di Afrika kalér-kulon kalawan [[Aljir]] salaku ibu kotana.


Aljazair mangrupakeun anggota [[Uni Afrika]], [[Liga Arab]], [[OPEC]], jeung [[Pasarikatan Bangsa-Bangsa]]. Nagara ieu ogé mangrupakeun nagara pawangun [[Uni Arab Magribi]].
Aljazair mangrupa anggota [[Uni Afrika]], [[Liga Arab]], [[OPEC]], jeung [[Pasarikatan Bangsa-Bangsa]]. Nagara ieu ogé mangrupa nagara pawangun [[Uni Arab Magribi]].


== Étimologi ==
== Étimologi ==
Ngaran nagara ieu (Aljazair/Algéria) diturunan ti kota [[Aljir]] (Algiers). Étimologi nu pangumumna ngubungkeun ngaran kota éta ka ''al-Jazā'ir'' (الجزائر, "Pulo-Pulo"), bentuk nu kapotong ti ngaran kota nu heubeul ''Jazā'ir Banī Mazghanna'' (جزائر بني مزغنة, "Pulo Séké Mazghanna"),<ref name=idrisi>{{cite book|last=al-Idrisi|first=Muhammad|title=Nuzhat al-Mushtaq|year=12th century}}</ref><ref name=khaldun>{{cite book|last=Abderahman|first=Abderrahman|title=History of Ibn Khaldun - Volume 6|year=1377}}</ref> dipaké ku gégografer éra patengahan misalna [[al-Idrisi]]. Aya ogé pamikiran nu ngubungkeunnana ka ''Ldzayer'', [[Basa Arab Magribi]] jeung [[Basa Berber]] pikeun "Aljazair" ("Algéria") meureunan kahubung jeung [[Dinasti Zirid]] Raja [[Ziri ibn-Manad]] jeung nu ngawangun kota [[Aljazair]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Ibn Khaldun|first=Abderahman|title=History of Ibn Khaldun|chapter=Volume 6}}</ref>
Ngaran nagara ieu (Aljazair/Algéria) diturunan ti kota [[Aljir]] (Algiers). Étimologi nu pangumumna ngubungkeun ngaran kota éta ka ''al-Jazā'ir'' (الجزائر, "Pulo-Pulo"), bentuk nu kapotong ti ngaran kota nu heubeul ''Jazā'ir Banī Mazghanna'' (جزائر بني مزغنة, "Pulo Séké Mazghanna"),<ref name=idrisi>{{cite book|last=al-Idrisi|first=Muhammad|title=Nuzhat al-Mushtaq|year=12th century}}</ref><ref name=khaldun>{{cite book|last=Abderahman|first=Abderrahman|title=History of Ibn Khaldun - Volume 6|year=1377}}</ref> dipaké ku gégografer éra patengahan misalna [[al-Idrisi]]. Aya ogé pamikiran nu ngubungkeunnana ka ''Ldzayer'', [[Basa Arab Magribi]] jeung [[Basa Berber]] pikeun "Aljazair" ("Algéria") meureunan kahubung jeung [[Dinasti Zirid]] Raja [[Ziri ibn-Manad]] jeung nu ngawangun kota [[Aljazair]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Ibn Khaldun|first=Abderahman|title=History of Ibn Khaldun|chapter=Volume 6}}</ref>


== Propinsi jeung distrik ==
== Propinsi jeung distrik ==
Baris ka-95: Baris ka-95:
Aljazair dibagi kana 48 [[propinsi di Aljazair|propinsi]] (''[[wilaya]]''), 553 [[distrik di Aljazair|distrik]] (''[[daïra]]''), jeung 1.541 [[Kotamdya di Aljazair|kotamadya]] (''[[baladiyah]]''). Saban propinsi, distrik, jeung kotamadya dibéré ngaran dumsar kana [[ibu kota]]na, nu biasana kota panggedéna.
Aljazair dibagi kana 48 [[propinsi di Aljazair|propinsi]] (''[[wilaya]]''), 553 [[distrik di Aljazair|distrik]] (''[[daïra]]''), jeung 1.541 [[Kotamdya di Aljazair|kotamadya]] (''[[baladiyah]]''). Saban propinsi, distrik, jeung kotamadya dibéré ngaran dumsar kana [[ibu kota]]na, nu biasana kota panggedéna.


[[Majelis Propinsi Rahayat]] mangrupakeun éntitas pulitis nu maréntah hiji propinsi, nu miboga hiji "présidén", anu dipilih ku anggota majelis. Anggota dipilh dina [[hak pilih universal]] saban lima taun.
[[Majelis Propinsi Rahayat]] mangrupa éntitas pulitis nu maréntah hiji propinsi, nu miboga hiji "présidén", anu dipilih ku anggota majelis. Anggota dipilh dina [[hak pilih universal]] saban lima taun.
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<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />
<center>
<center>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;"
Baris ka-111: Baris ka-111:
|-
|-
| 1 ||[[Propinsi Adrar|Adrar]] || style="text-align:right"| 402.197 || style="text-align:right"| 439.700
| 1 ||[[Propinsi Adrar|Adrar]] || style="text-align:right"| 402.197 || style="text-align:right"| 439.700
| rowspan="24" | [[File:Algeria provinces numbered2.png|330px|center]]
| rowspan="24" | [[Gambar:Algeria provinces numbered2.png|330px|center]]
| 25 ||[[Propinsi Konstantin|Konstantin]] || style="text-align:right"| 2.187 || style="text-align:right"| 943.112
| 25 ||[[Propinsi Konstantin|Konstantin]] || style="text-align:right"| 2.187 || style="text-align:right"| 943.112
|-
|-
Baris ka-142: Baris ka-142:
|-
|-
| 11 ||[[Propinsi Tamanrasset|Tamanrasset]] || style="text-align:right"| 556.200 || style="text-align:right"| 198.691
| 11 ||[[Propinsi Tamanrasset|Tamanrasset]] || style="text-align:right"| 556.200 || style="text-align:right"| 198.691
| 35 ||[[Propinsi Boumerdès|Boumerdes]] || style="text-align:right"| 1.591 || style="text-align:right"| 795.019
| 35 ||[[Propinsi Boumerdés|Boumerdes]] || style="text-align:right"| 1.591 || style="text-align:right"| 795.019
|-
|-
| 12 ||[[Propinsi Tébessa|Tébessa]] || style="text-align:right"| 14.227 || style="text-align:right"| 657.227
| 12 ||[[Propinsi Tébessa|Tébessa]] || style="text-align:right"| 14.227 || style="text-align:right"| 657.227
Baris ka-174: Baris ka-174:
| 45 ||[[Propinsi Naâma|Naâma]] || style="text-align:right"| 29.950 || style="text-align:right"| 209.470
| 45 ||[[Propinsi Naâma|Naâma]] || style="text-align:right"| 29.950 || style="text-align:right"| 209.470
|-
|-
| 22 ||[[Propinsi Sidi Bel Abbès|Sidi Bel Abbès]] || style="text-align:right"| 9.150|| style="text-align:right"| 603.369
| 22 ||[[Propinsi Sidi Bel Abbés|Sidi Bel Abbés]] || style="text-align:right"| 9.150|| style="text-align:right"| 603.369
| 46 ||[[Propinsi Aïn Témouchent|Ain Timouchent]] || style="text-align:right"| 2.376|| style="text-align:right"| 384.565
| 46 ||[[Propinsi Aïn Témouchent|Ain Timouchent]] || style="text-align:right"| 2.376|| style="text-align:right"| 384.565
|-
|-
Baris ka-185: Baris ka-185:
</center>
</center>


==Tempo ogé==
== Tempo ogé ==
*[[Daptar nagara]]
* [[Daptar nagara]]


== Catetan ==
== Catetan ==
Baris ka-204: Baris ka-204:
* Ruedy, John (1992). ''Modern Algeria&nbsp;&ndash; The Origins and Development of a Nation''. Bloomington: [[Indiana University Press]]. ISBN 978-0-253-34998-9.
* Ruedy, John (1992). ''Modern Algeria&nbsp;&ndash; The Origins and Development of a Nation''. Bloomington: [[Indiana University Press]]. ISBN 978-0-253-34998-9.
* Stora, Benjamin (2001). ''Algeria, 1830&ndash;2000&nbsp;&ndash; A Short History''. Ithaca, New York: [[Cornell University Press]]. ISBN 978-0-8014-3715-1.
* Stora, Benjamin (2001). ''Algeria, 1830&ndash;2000&nbsp;&ndash; A Short History''. Ithaca, New York: [[Cornell University Press]]. ISBN 978-0-8014-3715-1.
* Sidaoui, Riadh (2009). "Islamic Politics and the Military&nbsp;&ndash; Algeria 1962&ndash;2008". [http://books.google.fr/books?id=UouRFVxywIQC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Religion and Politics&nbsp;&ndash; Islam and Muslim Civilisation''] (via [[Google Books]]). Farnham: [[Ashgate Publishing]]. ISBN 0-7546-7418-5.
* Sidaoui, Riadh (2009). "Islamic Politics and the Military&nbsp;&ndash; Algeria 1962&ndash;2008". [http://books.google.fr/books?id=UouRFVxywIQC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Religion and Politics&nbsp;&ndash; Islam and Muslim Civilisation''] (via [[Google Books]]). Farnham: [[Ashgate Publishing]]. ISBN 0-7546-7418-5.




Baris ka-213: Baris ka-213:
* {{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Algeria|Aljazair}}
* {{dmoz|Regional/Africa/Algeria|Aljazair}}
* {{Wikiatlas|Algeria}}
* {{Wikiatlas|Algeria}}
* {{Wikitravel}}
* {{wikivoyage|Algeria}}


{{Afro-Asiatic-speaking nations}}<br>
{{Afro-Asiatic-speaking nations}}<br />
{{Countries of North Africa}}<br>
{{Countries of North Africa}}<br />
{{Countries and territories of the Mediterranean Sea}}<br>
{{Countries and territories of the Mediterranean Sea}}<br />
{{Wétan Tengah}}<br>
{{Wétan Tengah}}<br />
{{Nagara di Afrika}}<br>
{{Nagara di Afrika}}<br />
{{OKI}}<br>
{{OKI}}<br />
{{Union for the Mediterranean}}<br>
{{Union for the Mediterranean}}<br />
{{Member states of the Arab Maghreb Union}}<br>
{{Member states of the Arab Maghreb Union}}<br />
{{Arab League}}<br>
{{Arab League}}<br />
{{African Union}}<br>
{{African Union}}<br />
{{G-15 nations}}<br>
{{G-15 nations}}<br />


{{nagara-geo-stub|Aljazair}}
{{nagara-geo-stub|Aljazair}}


[[Category:Aljazair| ]]
[[Kategori:Aljazair| ]]
[[Category:Wewengkon nu maké basa Arab]]
[[Kategori:Wewengkon nu maké basa Arab]]
[[Category:Nagara nu tepung wates jeung Laut Tengah]]
[[Kategori:Nagara nu tepung wates jeung Laut Tengah]]
[[Category:Nagara nu maké basa Perancis]]
[[Kategori:Nagara nu maké basa Perancis]]
[[Category:Nagara G15]]
[[Kategori:Nagara G15]]
[[Category:Anggota Uni Afrika]]
[[Kategori:Anggota Uni Afrika]]
[[Category:Anggota Liga Arab]]
[[Kategori:Anggota Liga Arab]]
[[Category:Anggota OPEC]]
[[Kategori:Anggota OPEC]]
[[Category:Anggota Organisasi Kooperasi Islam]]
[[Kategori:Anggota Organisasi Kooperasi Islam]]
[[Category:Anggota Uni Méditérania]]
[[Kategori:Anggota Uni Méditérania]]
[[Category:Anggota Pasarikatan Bangsa-Bangsa]]
[[Kategori:Anggota Pasarikatan Bangsa-Bangsa]]
[[Category:Nagara di Afrika Kalér]]
[[Kategori:Nagara di Afrika Kalér]]
[[Category:Républik]]
[[Kategori:Républik]]
[[Category:Nu ngadeg taun 1962]]
[[Kategori:Nu ngadeg taun 1962]]

[[ace:Aljazair]]
[[af:Algerië]]
[[als:Algerien]]
[[am:አልጄሪያ]]
[[an:Alcheria]]
[[ang:Algeria]]
[[ar:الجزائر]]
[[arc:ܓܙܐܐܪ]]
[[arz:الجزاير]]
[[ast:Arxelia]]
[[az:Əlcəzair]]
[[ba:Алжир]]
[[bat-smg:Alžīrs]]
[[bcl:Algerya]]
[[be:Алжыр]]
[[be-x-old:Альжыр]]
[[bg:Алжир]]
[[bjn:Aljajair]]
[[bm:Aljeri]]
[[bn:আলজেরিয়া]]
[[bo:ཨཱལ་ཇི་རི་ཡ།]]
[[bpy:আলজেরিয়া]]
[[br:Aljeria]]
[[bs:Alžir]]
[[bug:Aljazair]]
[[ca:Algèria]]
[[ce:Алжир]]
[[ceb:Arhelya]]
[[ckb:جەزائیر]]
[[crh:Cezair]]
[[cs:Alžírsko]]
[[cv:Алжир (патшалăх)]]
[[cy:Algeria]]
[[da:Algeriet]]
[[de:Algerien]]
[[diq:Cezayir]]
[[dsb:Algeriska]]
[[dv:ޖަޒާއިރު]]
[[dz:ཨལ་ཇི་རི་ཡ།]]
[[ee:Algeria]]
[[el:Αλγερία]]
[[en:Algeria]]
[[eo:Alĝerio]]
[[es:Argelia]]
[[et:Alžeeria]]
[[eu:Aljeria]]
[[ext:Argélia]]
[[fa:الجزایر]]
[[fi:Algeria]]
[[fiu-vro:Alžeeriä]]
[[fo:Algeria]]
[[fr:Algérie]]
[[frp:Alg·èrie]]
[[fy:Algerije]]
[[ga:An Ailgéir]]
[[gag:Aljir]]
[[gd:Aildiria]]
[[gl:Alxeria - الجزائر]]
[[gv:Yn Algear]]
[[ha:Aljeriya]]
[[haw:‘Alekelia]]
[[he:אלג'יריה]]
[[hi:अल्जीरिया]]
[[hif:Algeria]]
[[hr:Alžir]]
[[hsb:Algeriska]]
[[ht:Aljeri]]
[[hu:Algéria]]
[[hy:Ալժիր]]
[[ia:Algeria]]
[[id:Aljazair]]
[[ie:Algeria]]
[[ig:Algeria]]
[[ilo:Algeria]]
[[io:Aljeria]]
[[is:Alsír]]
[[it:Algeria]]
[[ja:アルジェリア]]
[[jbo:jexygu'e]]
[[jv:Aljazair]]
[[ka:ალჟირი]]
[[kaa:Aljir]]
[[kab:Dzayer]]
[[kbd:Алджазаир]]
[[kg:Algeria]]
[[kk:Алжир]]
[[km:ប្រទេសអាល់ហ្សេរី]]
[[kn:ಅಲ್ಜೀರಿಯ]]
[[ko:알제리]]
[[krc:Алжир]]
[[ku:Alcerya]]
[[kw:Aljeri]]
[[ky:Алжир]]
[[la:Algerium]]
[[lad:Arjelia]]
[[lb:Algerien]]
[[li:Algerieë]]
[[lij:Algerîa]]
[[lmo:Algeria]]
[[ln:Aljeria]]
[[lt:Alžyras]]
[[lv:Alžīrija]]
[[mdf:Алжир]]
[[mg:Aljeria]]
[[mhr:Алжир]]
[[mk:Алжир]]
[[ml:അൾജീറിയ]]
[[mr:अल्जीरिया]]
[[mrj:Алжир]]
[[ms:Algeria]]
[[mt:Alġerija]]
[[my:အယ်လ်ဂျီးရီးယားနိုင်ငံ]]
[[mzn:الجزایر]]
[[na:Ardjiriya]]
[[nah:Argelia]]
[[nds:Algerien]]
[[new:अल्जेरिया]]
[[nl:Algerije]]
[[nn:Algerie]]
[[no:Algerie]]
[[nov:Algeria]]
[[nso:Algeria]]
[[nv:Aljííya]]
[[oc:Argeria]]
[[or:ଆଲଜେରିଆ]]
[[os:Алжир]]
[[pam:Algeria]]
[[pap:Algeria]]
[[pdc:Altschieri]]
[[pih:Algeria]]
[[pl:Algieria]]
[[pms:Algerìa]]
[[pnb:الجزائر]]
[[ps:الجېريا]]
[[pt:Argélia]]
[[qu:Alhirya]]
[[rm:Algeria]]
[[ro:Algeria]]
[[roa-rup:Algheria]]
[[roa-tara:Algerie]]
[[ru:Алжир]]
[[rue:Алжір]]
[[rw:Aligeriya]]
[[sa:अल्जीरिया]]
[[sah:Алжир]]
[[sc:Algerìa]]
[[scn:Algirìa]]
[[sco:Algerie]]
[[sd:الجزائر]]
[[se:Algeria]]
[[sg:Alazëri]]
[[sh:Alžir]]
[[simple:Algeria]]
[[sk:Alžírsko]]
[[sl:Alžirija]]
[[sm:Algeria]]
[[so:Aljeeriya]]
[[sq:Algjeria]]
[[sr:Алжир]]
[[ss:I-Alijeriya]]
[[stq:Algerien]]
[[sv:Algeriet]]
[[sw:Algeria]]
[[szl:Algeryjo]]
[[ta:அல்சீரியா]]
[[te:అల్జీరియా]]
[[tg:Алҷазоир]]
[[th:ประเทศแอลจีเรีย]]
[[tk:Alžir]]
[[tl:Alherya]]
[[tr:Cezayir]]
[[ts:Algeria]]
[[tt:Әлҗәзаир]]
[[ug:ئالجىرىيە]]
[[uk:Алжир]]
[[ur:الجزائر]]
[[uz:Jazoir]]
[[vec:Algeria]]
[[vi:Algérie]]
[[vo:Laljerän]]
[[wa:Aldjereye]]
[[war:Alherya]]
[[wo:Alseeri]]
[[wuu:阿尔及利亚]]
[[xal:Алҗрмудин Улс Орн]]
[[xmf:ალჟირი]]
[[yi:אלזשיר]]
[[yo:Àlgéríà]]
[[zea:Alherije]]
[[zh:阿尔及利亚]]
[[zh-classical:阿爾及利亞]]
[[zh-min-nan:Algeria]]
[[zh-yue:阿爾及利亞]]
[[zu:IAljiriya]]

Révisi mangsa 9 April 2023 22.29

Koordinat: 29°34′24″N 2°22′23″E / 29.5734571°N 2.3730469°E / 29.5734571; 2.3730469

الجمهورية الجزائرية الديمقراطية الشعبية  (basa Arab)
"al-Jumhūriyya al-Jazāʾiriyya ad-Dīmuqrāṭiyya asy-Syaʿbiyya"
[note 1]
Républik Démokratik Rahayat Aljazair
Bandéra Algeria Lambang Algeria
Motto
بالشّعب وللشّعب   (basa Arab)
"S weɣref i weɣref" (Berber)
"Ku masarakat jeung pikeun masarakat"[1][2]
Lagu

"Kassaman"
"Urang Jangji"
Location of Algeria
Location of Algeria
Ibu kota
(jeung kota panggedéna) 		Aljir
36°42′N 3°13′E
Basa resmi basa Arab[3]
Démonim Algerian
Pamaréntah Républik semi-présidénsial
 -  Présidén Abdelmadjid Tebboune (عبد المجيد تبون)
 -  Perdana Mentri Aymen Benabderrahmane (أيمن بن عبد الرحمان)
Sajarah
 -  Karajaan Berber Numidia ti 202 SM 
 -  Républik Romawi ti 46 SM 
 -  Karajaan Vandal ti 430 
 -  Dinasti Rustamid ti 767 
 -  Dinasti Zirid ti 973 
 -  Dinasti Hammadid ti 1014 
 -  Dinasti Abdalwadid ti 1235 
 -  Kakaisaran Usmaniyah  ti 1516 
 -  Kakawasaan Perancis ti 1830 
Aréa
 -  Total 2381741 km² (ka-10)
919595 mil² 
 -  Cai (%) tiasa teu dipadulikeun
Populasi
 -  Perkiraan  2010 36.423.000[4] 
 -  Sénsus 1998 29.100.867 
 -  Kapadetan 14,6 /km² (ka-204)
37,9 /mil²
GDP (PPP) Perkiraan 2010
 -  Total $251,705 milyar[5] 
 -  Per kapita $6.965[5] 
GDP (nominal) Perkiraan 2010
 -  Total $157,759 milyar[5] 
 -  Per kapita $4.366[5] 
Gini? (1995) 35,3[6] (sedeng) 
HDI (2011) 0,698[7] (sedeng) (ka-96)
Mata uang Dinar Aljazair (DZD)
Zona wanci CET (UTC+01)
TLD Internét .dz, الجزائر.
Kode telepon +213
Basa Arab Standar Modérn mangrupa basa resmina.[8]
Tamazight dipaké ku sapertilu populasi jeung geus diakuan salaku "basa nasional" ku améndemén konstitusi ti 8 Méi 2002.[9] basa Arab Aljazair (atawa Darja) mangrupa basa nu mayoritas dipaké ku populasi. Sanajan basa Perancis teu boga status resmi, Aljazair mangrupa nagara Francophone kadua di dunya dumasar panyaturna[10] jeung basa Perancis masih dipaké sacara luas di pamaréntahan, budaya, média (koran) jeung sistem atikan (ti sakola dasar), ku lantaran sajarah kolonial Aljazair jeung bisa ditémbong salaku basa sub-resmi de facto Aljazair. Basa Kabyle, basa Berber nu panglobana dipaké, diajarkeun jeung mangrupa sub-resmi sabagian (kalawan sababaraha larangan) di babagian Kabylia.

Aljazair (Basa Arab: الجزائر‎, al-Jazā'ir; Berber jeung basa Arab Aljazair: Dzayer or Ldzayer), resmina Républik Démokratik Rahayat Aljazair (Al Jumhuriyah al Jazairiyah ad Dimuqratiyah ash Shabiyah), mangrupa hiji nagara di wewengkon Magribi di Afrika kalér-kulon kalawan Aljir salaku ibu kotana.

Aljazair mangrupa anggota Uni Afrika, Liga Arab, OPEC, jeung Pasarikatan Bangsa-Bangsa. Nagara ieu ogé mangrupa nagara pawangun Uni Arab Magribi.

Étimologi

[édit | édit sumber]

Ngaran nagara ieu (Aljazair/Algéria) diturunan ti kota Aljir (Algiers). Étimologi nu pangumumna ngubungkeun ngaran kota éta ka al-Jazā'ir (الجزائر, "Pulo-Pulo"), bentuk nu kapotong ti ngaran kota nu heubeul Jazā'ir Banī Mazghanna (جزائر بني مزغنة, "Pulo Séké Mazghanna"),[11][12] dipaké ku gégografer éra patengahan misalna al-Idrisi. Aya ogé pamikiran nu ngubungkeunnana ka Ldzayer, Basa Arab Magribi jeung Basa Berber pikeun "Aljazair" ("Algéria") meureunan kahubung jeung Dinasti Zirid Raja Ziri ibn-Manad jeung nu ngawangun kota Aljazair[13]

Propinsi jeung distrik

[édit | édit sumber]
Artikel utama: Propinsi di Aljazair, Distrik di Aljazair, Kotamadya di Aljazair

Aljazair dibagi kana 48 propinsi (wilaya), 553 distrik (daïra), jeung 1.541 kotamadya (baladiyah). Saban propinsi, distrik, jeung kotamadya dibéré ngaran dumsar kana ibu kotana, nu biasana kota panggedéna.

Majelis Propinsi Rahayat mangrupa éntitas pulitis nu maréntah hiji propinsi, nu miboga hiji "présidén", anu dipilih ku anggota majelis. Anggota dipilh dina hak pilih universal saban lima taun.





















































# Wilaya Aréa (km²) Populasi peta # Wilaya Aréa (km²) Populasi
1 Adrar 402.197 439.700
25 Konstantin 2.187 943.112
2 Chlef 4.975 1.013.718 26 Médéa 8.866 830.943
3 Laghouat 25.057 477.328 27 Mostaganem 2.269 746.947
4 Oum El Bouaghi 6.768 644.364 28 M'Sila 18.718 991.846
5 Batna 12.192 1.128.030 29 Mascara 5.941 780.959
6 Béjaïa 3.268 915.835 30 Ouargla 211.980 552.539
7 Biskra 20.986 730.262 31 Oran 2.114 1.584.607
8 Béchar 161.400 274.866 32 El Bayadh 78.870 262.187
9 Blida 1.696 1.009.892 33 Illizi 285.000 54.490
10 Bouïra 4.439 694.750 34 Bordj Bou Arréridj 4.115 634.396
11 Tamanrasset 556.200 198.691 35 Boumerdes 1.591 795.019
12 Tébessa 14.227 657.227 36 El Taref 3.339 411.783
13 Tlemcen 9.061 945.525 37 Tindouf 58.193 159.000
14 Tiaret 20.673 842.060 38 Tissemsilt 3.152 296.366
15 Tizi Ouzou 3.568 1.119.646 39 El Oued 54.573 673.934
16 Algiers 273 2.947.461 40 Khenchela 9.811 384.268
17 Djelfa 66.415 1.223.223 41 Souk Ahras 4.541 440.299
18 Jijel 2.577 634.412 42 Tipaza 2.166 617.661
19 Sétif 6.504 1.496.150 43 Mila 9.375 768.419
20 Saïda 6.764 328.685 44 Ain Defla 4.897 771.890
21 Skikda 4.026 904.195 45 Naâma 29.950 209.470
22 Sidi Bel Abbés 9.150 603.369 46 Ain Timouchent 2.376 384.565
23 Annaba 1.439 640.050 47 Ghardaia 86.105 375.988
24 Guelma 4.101 482.261 48 Relizane 4.870 733.060

Tempo ogé

[édit | édit sumber]

Catetan

[édit | édit sumber]
  1. ↑ Di Aljazair, Tamazight sacara konstitusionalna gues diakuan salaku hiji basa nasional. Pamaréntah Aljazair ngakuan yén rupa-rupa basa Berber di Aljazair mangrupa basa nasional jeung wewengkon nu kedah dimumulé. Ngaran resmi Aljazair dina basa Berber nyaéta: Tagduda Tamegdayt Taɣerfant tazzayrit;

Réferénsi

[édit | édit sumber]
  1. ↑ (28 Nopémber 1996). Konstitusi Aljazair Archived 2012-07-18 di Wayback Machine, Pasal 11 (dina basa Arab).Kantor Kaprésidénan Aljazair. Ditarima 15 Séptémber 2011.
  2. ↑ (28 Nopémber 1996). Konstitusi Aljazair Archived 2013-07-25 di Wayback Machine Pasal 11. Kantor Kaprésidénan Aljazair. Ditarima 15 Séptémber 2011.
  3. ↑ (28 Nopémber 1996). Konstitusi Aljazair Archived 2013-07-25 di Wayback Machine Pasal 3. Kantor Kaprésidénan Aljazair. Ditarima 21 Séptémber 2011.
  4. ↑ Staff (2010). Population and HIV/AIDS 2010 (PDF format; requires Adobe Reader). Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. ISBN 978-92-1-151474-2. Diakses tanggal 15 September 2011.  Archived 14 Agustus 2011 di Wayback Machine
  5. ↑ a b c d Database (September 2011). "5. Report for Selected Countries and Subjects". [[World Economic Outlook|World Economic Outlook Database]]. International Monetary Fund. Diakses tanggal 8 October 2011.  Wikilink embedded in URL title (bantuan) Archived 11 Januari 2012 di Wayback Machine
  6. ↑ Staff (undated). "Distribution of Family Income – Gini Index". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 23 July 2010. Diakses tanggal 1 September 2009.  Archived 13 Méi 2009 di Wayback Machine
  7. ↑ "Human Development Report 2011. Human Development Index Trends" (PDF). United Nations. Diakses tanggal 2 November 2011.  Archived 11 Nopémber 2011 di Wayback Machine
  8. ↑ Staff (10 April 2010). "Présentation de l'Algérie" Archived 2011-03-20 di Wayback Machine (["Presentation of Algeria"]) (dina basa Perancis). Kamentrian Hubungan Asing jeung Eropa Perancis. Ditarima 15 Séptémber 2011.
  9. ↑ "L'Algérie crée une académie de la langue amazigh" Archived 2011-02-16 di Wayback Machine (dina basa Perancis).
  10. ↑ "La mondialisation, une chance pour la francophonie" Archived 2013-05-13 di Wayback Machine (dina basa Perancis).
  11. ↑ al-Idrisi, Muhammad (12th century). Nuzhat al-Mushtaq. 
  12. ↑ Abderahman, Abderrahman (1377). History of Ibn Khaldun - Volume 6. 
  13. ↑ Ibn Khaldun, Abderahman. "Volume 6". History of Ibn Khaldun. 

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