Dinozoa

Taxonavigation

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Chromista
Subregnum: Harosa
Infraregnum: Alveolata
Phylum: Myzozoa
Subphylum: Dinozoa
Infraphyla: Protalveolata - Dinoflagellata

Name

Dinozoa Cavalier-Smith, 1981

Alternative classifications

Cavalier-Smith (1981)

Cavalier-Smith, T. (1981). Eukaryote kingdoms: seven or nine?. Biosystems, 14(3), 461-481, [1].

Seven eukaryote kingdoms proposal [p. 478]

• Superkingdom Eukaryota
  • Kingdom Fungi
  • Kingdom Viridiplantae
  • Kingdom Biliphyta
  • Kingdom Chromista
  • Kingdom Animalia
  • Kingdom Euglenozoa
  • Kingdom Protozoa
    • Phylum Proterozoa (proteromonads, cyathobodonids, Opalinida)
    • Phylum Dinozoa (dinoflagellates)
    • Phylum Parabasalia (trichomonads and hypermastigids)
    • Phylum Metamonadina (retortomonads, diplomonads, and oxymonads)
    • Phylum Sporozoa (cregarines, coccidlans, and piroplasms)
    • Phylum Infusoria (Ciliophora)
    • Phylum Foraminifera
    • Phylum Sarcodina (amoebae, amoeboflagellates, slime moulds (Mycetozoa), Radiolaria, Heliozoa, Acantharia, Myxosporea, Microsporea)

Cavalier-Smith (1993)

From Kingdom Protozoa and its 18 phyla, [2].

Empire Eukaryota

• Superkingdom 2. Metakaryota
  • Kingdom 1. Protozoa
    • Subkingdom 2. Dictyozoa Cavalier-Smith, 1991
      • Branch 2. Bikonta new branch
        • Infrakingdom 2. Neozoa Cavalier-Smith, 1983
          • Parvkindgdom 2. Alveolata Cavalier-Smith, 1991 stat. nov.
            • Superphylum 1. Miozoa Cavalier-Smith, 1987
              • Phylum 1. Dinozoa Cavalier-Smith, 1981 emend.
                • Subphylum 1. Protalveolata Cavalier-Smith, 1991
                  • Class 1. Colponemea cl. nov. (order Colponemida ord. nov.)
                  • Class 2. Oxyrrhea Cavalier-Smith, 1987 (order Oxyrrhida orthog. emend. pro Oxyrrhinales Sournia in Taylor, 1990)
                  • Class 3. Ellobiopsea orthog. emend. pro Ellobiophyceae Loeblich III, 1970
                • Subphylum 2. Dinoflagellata Butschli, 1885 stat. nov. Cavalier-Smith, 1991 (originally a class) (syn. Cilioflagellata Müller, Dinophyta auct., Dinophyceae Pascher, 1914)
                  • Superclass 1. Syndina supercl. nov.
                    • Class 1. Syndinea Chatton, 1920 stat. nov. Loeblich, 1976 orthog. emend. Corliss, 1984
                  • Superclass 2. Hemidinia supercl. nov.
                    • Class 1. Noctilucea Haeckel, 1866 stat. nov. (order Cystoflagellata Haeckel, 1873 stat. nov. Butschli, 1887)
                    • Class 2. Haplozooidea Poche, 1911 (syn. Blastodiniphyceae Fensome et al., 1993 orthog. emend.) (order Blastodinida Chatton, 1906)
                  • Superclass 3. Dinokaryota supercl. nov.
                    • Class 1. Peridinea Ehrenberg, 1830 stat. nov. Wettstein, 1901 emend.
                      • Subclass 1. Gymnodinoidia Poche, 1913 stat. nov. (syn. Gymnodiniphycidae Fensome et al., 1993)
                      • Subclass 2. Peridinoidia Poche, 1913 stat. nov. Fritsch, 1935 (syn. Peridiniphycidae Fensome et al., 1993)
                      • Subclass 3. Prorocentroidia Lemmermann, 1899, stat. nov. (syn. Prorocentrophycidae Fensome et al., 1993)
                      • Subclass 4. Desmocapsoidia Pascher, 1941 stat. nov.
                      • Subclass 5. Thoracosphaeroidia subcl. nov.
                    • Class 2. Bilidinea Cavalier-Smith, 1993 (orders Dinophysida Lindemann, 1928 and Nannoceratopsida)

Cavalier-Smith (1998)

From A revised six-kingdom system of life, [3].

Empire or Superkingdom 2. Eukaryota

• Kingdom 1. Protozoa Goldfuss 1818 stat. nov. Owen 1858 em. [almost certainly paraphyletic]
  • Subkingdom 2. Neozoa Cavalier-Smith 1993 stat. nov. 1997 em. [almost certainly paraphyletic]
    • Infrakingdom 3. Alveolata Cavalier-Smith 1991 em.
      • Superphylum 1. Miozoa Cavalier-Smith 1987.
        • Phylum 1. Dinozoa Cavalier-Smith 1981 em.
          • Subphylum 1. Protalveolata Cavalier-Smith 1991 em. (e.g. Colponema, Ellobiopsis, Spironema, Hemimastix, Colpodella, Perkinsus) [probably paraphyletic]
          • Subphylum 2. Dinoflagellata Bütschli 1885 stat. nov. Cavalier-Smith 1991 (e.g. Noctiluca, Crypthecodinium, Amphidinium)

References

• Thomas Cavalier-Smith and E. E. Chao, Protalveolate phylogeny and systematics and the origins of Sporozoa and dinoflagellates (phylum Myzozoa nom. nov.), Europ. J. Protistol. 40, 185-212 (2004).
• Thomas Cavalier-Smith, Protist phylogeny and the high-level classification of Protozoa, Europ. J. Protistol. 39, 338-348 (2003).

Vernacular names

français: Dinozoaires