Apache Groovy vs. Crystal vs. Python vs. npm Comparison Chart

Crystal’s syntax is heavily inspired by Ruby’s, so it feels natural to read and easy to write, and has the added benefit of a lower learning curve for experienced Ruby devs. Crystal is statically type-checked, so any type errors will be caught early by the compiler rather than fail on runtime. Moreover, and to keep the language clean, Crystal has built-in type inference, so most type annotations are unneeded. All types are non-nilable in Crystal, and available variables are represented as a union between the type and nil. As a consequence, the compiler will automatically check for null references in compile time. Crystal’s answer to metaprogramming is a powerful macro system, which ranges from basic templating and AST inspection to types inspection and running arbitrary external programs.

We're npm, Inc., the company behind Node package manager, the npm Registry, and npm CLI. We offer those to the community for free, but our day job is building and selling useful tools for developers like you. Get started today for free, or step up to npm Pro to enjoy a premium JavaScript development experience, with features like private packages. Bring the best of open source to you, your team, and your company. Relied upon by more than 11 million developers worldwide, npm is committed to making JavaScript development elegant, productive, and safe. The free npm Registry has become the center of JavaScript code sharing, and with more than one million packages, the largest software registry in the world. Our other tools and services take the Registry, and the work you do around it, to the next level. At npm, Inc., we're proud to dedicate teams of full-time employees to operating the npm Registry, enhancing the CLI, improving JavaScript security, and other projects.