About
            Apache Groovy is a powerful, optionally typed and dynamic language, with static-typing and static compilation capabilities, for the Java platform aimed at improving developer productivity thanks to a concise, familiar and easy to learn syntax. It integrates smoothly with any Java program, and immediately delivers to your application powerful features, including scripting capabilities, Domain-Specific Language authoring, runtime and compile-time meta-programming and functional programming. Concise, readable and expressive syntax, easy to learn for Java developers. Closures, builders, runtime & compile-time meta-programming, functional programming, type inference, and static compilation. Flexible & malleable syntax, advanced integration & customization mechanisms, to integrate readable business rules in your applications. Great for writing concise and maintainable tests, and for all your build and automation tasks.
             
            
        
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            About
            Crystal’s syntax is heavily inspired by Ruby’s, so it feels natural to read and easy to write, and has the added benefit of a lower learning curve for experienced Ruby devs. Crystal is statically type-checked, so any type errors will be caught early by the compiler rather than fail on runtime. Moreover, and to keep the language clean, Crystal has built-in type inference, so most type annotations are unneeded. All types are non-nilable in Crystal, and available variables are represented as a union between the type and nil. As a consequence, the compiler will automatically check for null references in compile time. Crystal’s answer to metaprogramming is a powerful macro system, which ranges from basic templating and AST inspection to types inspection and running arbitrary external programs.
             
            
        
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            About
            The core of extensible programming is defining functions. Python allows mandatory and optional arguments, keyword arguments, and even arbitrary argument lists. Whether you're new to programming or an experienced developer, it's easy to learn and use Python. Python can be easy to pick up whether you're a first-time programmer or you're experienced with other languages. The following pages are a useful first step to get on your way to writing programs with Python! The community hosts conferences and meetups to collaborate on code, and much more. Python's documentation will help you along the way, and the mailing lists will keep you in touch. The Python Package Index (PyPI) hosts thousands of third-party modules for Python. Both Python's standard library and the community-contributed modules allow for endless possibilities.
             
            
        
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            You've found the right code review tool. Tracks where participants stand on each discussion, ensuring it won't disappear until resolved. Fully customizable logic determines when a review is complete. Clearly shows net deltas since last time you looked, even if commits got rebased or amended. Batches comments and correctly threads email responses. Works only with GitHub and GitHub Enterprise, making for a seamless integration. Minimal admin busywork, no extra fluff — just awesome code reviews. Instantly diff any two revisions of a file, in unified or side-by-side style. Hide minor changes: whitespace, merge, and rebase deltas. Customize margin, fonts, colors, keyboard shortcuts, etc. Jump from a comment straight to the right spot in your favorite editor. Line comments map across file revisions and stay in place until resolved, not just until changes are pushed. Modern, clean UI with a touch of whimsy.
             
            
        
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        Company InformationThe Apache Software Foundation 
    
    
    groovy-lang.org 
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    crystal-lang.org 
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        Company InformationPython 
    
    Founded: 1991 
    
    
    www.python.org 
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