"""
The figure module provides the top-level
:class:`~matplotlib.artist.Artist`, the :class:`Figure`, which
contains all the plot elements. The following classes are defined
:class:`SubplotParams`
control the default spacing of the subplots
:class:`Figure`
top level container for all plot elements
"""
import numpy as np
import artist
from artist import Artist, allow_rasterization
from axes import Axes, SubplotBase, subplot_class_factory
from cbook import flatten, allequal, Stack, iterable
import _image
import colorbar as cbar
from image import FigureImage
from matplotlib import rcParams
from patches import Rectangle
from text import Text, _process_text_args
from legend import Legend
from transforms import Affine2D, Bbox, BboxTransformTo, TransformedBbox
from projections import projection_factory, get_projection_names, \
get_projection_class
from matplotlib.blocking_input import BlockingMouseInput, BlockingKeyMouseInput
import matplotlib.cbook as cbook
from matplotlib import docstring
docstring.interpd.update(projection_names = get_projection_names())
class SubplotParams:
"""
A class to hold the parameters for a subplot
"""
def __init__(self, left=None, bottom=None, right=None, top=None,
wspace=None, hspace=None):
"""
All dimensions are fraction of the figure width or height.
All values default to their rc params
The following attributes are available
*left* = 0.125
the left side of the subplots of the figure
*right* = 0.9
the right side of the subplots of the figure
*bottom* = 0.1
the bottom of the subplots of the figure
*top* = 0.9
the top of the subplots of the figure
*wspace* = 0.2
the amount of width reserved for blank space between subplots
*hspace* = 0.2
the amount of height reserved for white space between subplots
*validate*
make sure the params are in a legal state (*left*<*right*, etc)
"""
self.validate = True
self.update(left, bottom, right, top, wspace, hspace)
def update(self,left=None, bottom=None, right=None, top=None,
wspace=None, hspace=None):
"""
Update the current values. If any kwarg is None, default to
the current value, if set, otherwise to rc
"""
thisleft = getattr(self, 'left', None)
thisright = getattr(self, 'right', None)
thistop = getattr(self, 'top', None)
thisbottom = getattr(self, 'bottom', None)
thiswspace = getattr(self, 'wspace', None)
thishspace = getattr(self, 'hspace', None)
self._update_this('left', left)
self._update_this('right', right)
self._update_this('bottom', bottom)
self._update_this('top', top)
self._update_this('wspace', wspace)
self._update_this('hspace', hspace)
def reset():
self.left = thisleft
self.right = thisright
self.top = thistop
self.bottom = thisbottom
self.wspace = thiswspace
self.hspace = thishspace
if self.validate:
if self.left>=self.right:
reset()
raise ValueError('left cannot be >= right')
if self.bottom>=self.top:
reset()
raise ValueError('bottom cannot be >= top')
def _update_this(self, s, val):
if val is None:
val = getattr(self, s, None)
if val is None:
key = 'figure.subplot.' + s
val = rcParams[key]
setattr(self, s, val)
class Figure(Artist):
"""
The Figure instance supports callbacks through a *callbacks*
attribute which is a :class:`matplotlib.cbook.CallbackRegistry`
instance. The events you can connect to are 'dpi_changed', and
the callback will be called with ``func(fig)`` where fig is the
:class:`Figure` instance.
The figure patch is drawn by a the attribute
*patch*
a :class:`matplotlib.patches.Rectangle` instance
*suppressComposite*
for multiple figure images, the figure will make composite
images depending on the renderer option_image_nocomposite
function. If suppressComposite is True|False, this will
override the renderer
"""
def __str__(self):
return "Figure(%gx%g)" % tuple(self.bbox.size)
def __init__(self,
figsize = None, # defaults to rc figure.figsize
dpi = None, # defaults to rc figure.dpi
facecolor = None, # defaults to rc figure.facecolor
edgecolor = None, # defaults to rc figure.edgecolor
linewidth = 1.0, # the default linewidth of the frame
frameon = True, # whether or not to draw the figure frame
subplotpars = None, # default to rc
):
"""
*figsize*
w,h tuple in inches
*dpi*
dots per inch
*facecolor*
the figure patch facecolor; defaults to rc ``figure.facecolor``
*edgecolor*
the figure patch edge color; defaults to rc ``figure.edgecolor``
*linewidth*
the figure patch edge linewidth; the default linewidth of the frame
*frameon*
if False, suppress drawing the figure frame
*subplotpars*
a :class:`SubplotParams` instance, defaults to rc
"""
Artist.__init__(self)
self.callbacks = cbook.CallbackRegistry(('dpi_changed', ))
if figsize is None : figsize = rcParams['figure.figsize']
if dpi is None : dpi = rcParams['figure.dpi']
if facecolor is None: facecolor = rcParams['figure.facecolor']
if edgecolor is None: edgecolor = rcParams['figure.edgecolor']
self.dpi_scale_trans = Affine2D()
self.dpi = dpi
self.bbox_inches = Bbox.from_bounds(0, 0, *figsize)
self.bbox = TransformedBbox(self.bbox_inches, self.dpi_scale_trans)
self.frameon = frameon
self.transFigure = BboxTransformTo(self.bbox)
# the figurePatch name is deprecated
self.patch = self.figurePatch = Rectangle(
xy=(0,0), width=1, height=1,
facecolor=facecolor, edgecolor=edgecolor,
linewidth=linewidth,
)
self._set_artist_props(self.patch)
self._hold = rcParams['axes.hold']
self.canvas = None
if subplotpars is None:
subplotpars = SubplotParams()
self.subplotpars = subplotpars
self._axstack = Stack() # maintain the current axes
self.axes = []
self.clf()
self._cachedRenderer = None
def _get_dpi(self):
return self._dpi
def _set_dpi(self, dpi):
self._dpi = dpi
self.dpi_scale_trans.clear().scale(dpi, dpi)
self.callbacks.process('dpi_changed', self)
dpi = property(_get_dpi, _set_dpi)
def autofmt_xdate(self, bottom=0.2, rotation=30, ha='right'):
"""
Date ticklabels often overlap, so it is useful to rotate them
and right align them. Also, a common use case is a number of
subplots with shared xaxes where the x-axis is date data. The
ticklabels are often long, and it helps to rotate them on the
bottom subplot and turn them off on other subplots, as well as
turn off xlabels.
*bottom*
the bottom of the subplots for :meth:`subplots_adjust`
*rotation*
the rotation of the xtick labels
*ha*
the horizontal alignment of the xticklabels
"""
allsubplots = np.alltrue([hasattr(ax, 'is_last_row') for ax in self.axes])
if len(self.axes)==1:
for label in ax.get_xticklabels():
label.set_ha(ha)
label.set_rotation(rotation)
else:
if allsubplots:
for ax in self.get_axes():
if ax.is_last_row():
for label in ax.get_xticklabels():
label.set_ha(ha)
label.set_rotation(rotation)
else:
for label in ax.get_xticklabels():
label.set_visible(False)
ax.set_xlabel('')
if allsubplots:
self.subplots_adjust(bottom=bottom)
def get_children(self):
'get a list of artists contained in the figure'
children = [self.patch]
children.extend(self.artists)
children.extend(self.axes)
children.extend(self.lines)
children.extend(self.patches)
children.extend(self.texts)
children.extend(self.images)
children.extend(self.legends)
return children
def contains(self, mouseevent):
"""
Test whether the mouse event occurred on the figure.
Returns True,{}
"""
if callable(self._contains): return self._contains(self,mouseevent)
#inside = mouseevent.x >= 0 and mouseevent.y >= 0
inside = self.bbox.contains(mouseevent.x,mouseevent.y)
return inside,{}
def get_window_extent(self, *args, **kwargs):
'get the figure bounding box in display space; kwargs are void'
return self.bbox
def suptitle(self, t, **kwargs):
"""
Add a centered title to the figure.
kwargs are :class:`matplotlib.text.Text` properties. Using figure
coordinates, the defaults are:
- *x* = 0.5
the x location of text in figure coords
- *y* = 0.98
the y location of the text in figure coords
- *horizontalalignment* = 'center'
the horizontal alignment of the text
- *verticalalignment* = 'top'
the vertical alignment of the text
A :class:`matplotlib.text.Text` instance is returned.
Example::
fig.subtitle('this is the figure title', fontsize=12)
"""
x = kwargs.pop('x', 0.5)
y = kwargs.pop('y', 0.98)
if ('horizontalalignment' not in kwargs) and ('ha' not in kwargs):
kwargs['horizontalalignment'] = 'center'
if ('verticalalignment' not in kwargs) and ('va' not in kwargs):
kwargs['verticalalignment'] = 'top'
t = self.text(x, y, t, **kwargs)
return t
def set_canvas(self, canvas):
"""
Set the canvas the contains the figure
ACCEPTS: a FigureCanvas instance
"""
self.canvas = canvas
def hold(self, b=None):
"""
Set the hold state. If hold is None (default), toggle the
hold state. Else set the hold state to boolean value b.
Eg::
hold() # toggle hold
hold(True) # hold is on
hold(False) # hold is off
"""
if b is None: self._hold = not self._hold
else: self._hold = b
def figimage(self, X,
xo=0,
yo=0,
alpha=1.0,
norm=None,
cmap=None,
vmin=None,
vmax=None,
origin=None):
"""
call signatures::
figimage(X, **kwargs)
adds a non-resampled array *X* to the figure.
::
figimage(X, xo, yo)
with pixel offsets *xo*, *yo*,
*X* must be a float array:
* If *X* is MxN, assume luminance (grayscale)
* If *X* is MxNx3, assume RGB
* If *X* is MxNx4, assume RGBA
Optional keyword arguments:
========= ==========================================================
Keyword Description
========= ==========================================================
xo or yo An integer, the *x* and *y* image offset in pixels
cmap a :class:`matplotlib.cm.ColorMap` instance, eg cm.jet.
If None, default to the rc ``image.cmap`` value
norm a :class:`matplotlib.colors.Normalize` instance. The
default is normalization(). This scales luminance -> 0-1
vmin|vmax are used to scale a luminance image to 0-1. If either is
None, the min and max of the luminance values will be
used. Note if you pass a norm instance, the settings for
*vmin* and *vmax* will be ignored.
alpha the alpha blending value, default is 1.0
origin [ 'upper' | 'lower' ] Indicates where the [0,0] index of
the array is in the upper left or lower left corner of
the axes. Defaults to the rc image.origin value
========= ==========================================================
figimage complements the axes image
(:meth:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes.imshow`) which will be resampled
to fit the current axes. If you want a resampled image to
fill the entire figure, you can define an
:class:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes` with size [0,1,0,1].
An :class:`matplotlib.image.FigureImage` instance is returned.
.. plot:: mpl_examples/pylab_examples/figimage_demo.py
"""
if not self._hold: self.clf()
im = FigureImage(self, cmap, norm, xo, yo, origin)
im.set_array(X)
im.set_alpha(alpha)
if norm is None:
im.set_clim(vmin, vmax)
self.images.append(im)
return im
def set_figsize_inches(self, *args, **kwargs):
import warnings
warnings.warn('Use set_size_inches instead!', DeprecationWarning)
self.set_size_inches(*args, **kwargs)
def set_size_inches(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""
set_size_inches(w,h, forward=False)
Set the figure size in inches
Usage::
fig.set_size_inches(w,h) # OR
fig.set_size_inches((w,h) )
optional kwarg *forward=True* will cause the canvas size to be
automatically updated; eg you can resize the figure window
from the shell
WARNING: forward=True is broken on all backends except GTK*
and WX*
ACCEPTS: a w,h tuple with w,h in inches
"""
forward = kwargs.get('forward', False)
if len(args)==1:
w,h = args[0]
else:
w,h = args
dpival = self.dpi
self.bbox_inches.p1 = w, h
if forward:
dpival = self.dpi
canvasw = w*dpival
canvash = h*dpival
manager = getattr(self.canvas, 'manager', None)
if manager is not None:
manager.resize(int(canvasw), int(canvash))
def get_size_inches(self):
return self.bbox_inches.p1
def get_edgecolor(self):
'Get the edge color of the Figure rectangle'
return self.patch.get_edgecolor()
def get_facecolor(self):
'Get the face color of the Figure rectangle'
return self.patch.get_facecolor()
def get_figwidth(self):
'Return the figwidth as a float'
return self.bbox_inches.width
def get_figheight(self):
'Return the figheight as a float'
return self.bbox_inches.height
def get_dpi(self):
'Return the dpi as a float'
return self.dpi
def get_frameon(self):
'get the boolean indicating frameon'
return self.frameon
def set_edgecolor(self, color):
"""
Set the edge color of the Figure rectangle
ACCEPTS: any matplotlib color - see help(colors)
"""
self.patch.set_edgecolor(color)
def set_facecolor(self, color):
"""
Set the face color of the Figure rectangle
ACCEPTS: any matplotlib color - see help(colors)
"""
self.patch.set_facecolor(color)
def set_dpi(self, val):
"""
Set the dots-per-inch of the figure
ACCEPTS: float
"""
self.dpi = val
def set_figwidth(self, val):
"""
Set the width of the figure in inches
ACCEPTS: float
"""
self.bbox_inches.x1 = val
def set_figheight(self, val):
"""
Set the height of the figure in inches
ACCEPTS: float
"""
self.bbox_inches.y1 = val
def set_frameon(self, b):
"""
Set whether the figure frame (background) is displayed or invisible
ACCEPTS: boolean
"""
self.frameon = b
def delaxes(self, a):
'remove a from the figure and update the current axes'
self.axes.remove(a)
self._axstack.remove(a)
keys = []
for key, thisax in self._seen.items():
if a==thisax: del self._seen[key]
for func in self._axobservers: func(self)
def _make_key(self, *args, **kwargs):
'make a hashable key out of args and kwargs'
def fixitems(items):
#items may have arrays and lists in them, so convert them
# to tuples for the key
ret = []
for k, v in items:
if iterable(v): v = tuple(v)
ret.append((k,v))
return tuple(ret)
def fixlist(args):
ret = []
for a in args:
if iterable(a): a = tuple(a)
ret.append(a)
return tuple(ret)
key = fixlist(args), fixitems(kwargs.items())
return key
@docstring.dedent_interpd
def add_axes(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Add an a axes with axes rect [*left*, *bottom*, *width*,
*height*] where all quantities are in fractions of figure
width and height. kwargs are legal
:class:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes` kwargs plus *projection* which
sets the projection type of the axes. (For backward
compatibility, ``polar=True`` may also be provided, which is
equivalent to ``projection='polar'``). Valid values for
*projection* are: %(projection_names)s. Some of these projections support
additional kwargs, which may be provided to :meth:`add_axes`::
rect = l,b,w,h
fig.add_axes(rect)
fig.add_axes(rect, frameon=False, axisbg='g')
fig.add_axes(rect, polar=True)
fig.add_axes(rect, projection='polar')
fig.add_axes(ax) # add an Axes instance
If the figure already has an axes with the same parameters,
then it will simply make that axes current and return it. If
you do not want this behavior, eg. you want to force the
creation of a new axes, you must use a unique set of args and
kwargs. The axes :attr:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes.label`
attribute has been exposed for this purpose. Eg., if you want
two axes that are otherwise identical to be added to the
figure, make sure you give them unique labels::
fig.add_axes(rect, label='axes1')
fig.add_axes(rect, label='axes2')
The :class:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes` instance will be returned.
The following kwargs are supported:
%(Axes)s
"""
key = self._make_key(*args, **kwargs)
if key in self._seen:
ax = self._seen[key]
self.sca(ax)
return ax
if not len(args): return
if isinstance(args[0], Axes):
a = args[0]
assert(a.get_figure() is self)
else:
rect = args[0]
ispolar = kwargs.pop('polar', False)
projection = kwargs.pop('projection', None)
if ispolar:
if projection is not None and projection != 'polar':
raise ValueError(
"polar=True, yet projection='%s'. " +
"Only one of these arguments should be supplied." %
projection)
projection = 'polar'
a = projection_factory(projection, self, rect, **kwargs)
self.axes.append(a)
self._axstack.push(a)
self.sca(a)
self._seen[key] = a
return a
@docstring.dedent_interpd
def add_subplot(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Add a subplot. Examples:
fig.add_subplot(111)
fig.add_subplot(1,1,1) # equivalent but more general
fig.add_subplot(212, axisbg='r') # add subplot with red background
fig.add_subplot(111, polar=True) # add a polar subplot
fig.add_subplot(sub) # add Subplot instance sub
*kwargs* are legal :class:`!matplotlib.axes.Axes` kwargs plus
*projection*, which chooses a projection type for the axes.
(For backward compatibility, *polar=True* may also be
provided, which is equivalent to *projection='polar'*). Valid
values for *projection* are: %(projection_names)s. Some of these projections
support additional *kwargs*, which may be provided to
:meth:`add_axes`.
The :class:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes` instance will be returned.
If the figure already has a subplot with key (*args*,
*kwargs*) then it will simply make that subplot current and
return it.
The following kwargs are supported:
%(Axes)s
"""
kwargs = kwargs.copy()
if not len(args): return
if isinstance(args[0], SubplotBase):
a = args[0]
assert(a.get_figure() is self)
else:
ispolar = kwargs.pop('polar', False)
projection = kwargs.pop('projection', None)
if ispolar:
if projection is not None and projection != 'polar':
raise ValueError(
"polar=True, yet projection='%s'. " +
"Only one of these arguments should be supplied." %
projection)
projection = 'polar'
projection_class = get_projection_class(projection)
key = self._make_key(*args, **kwargs)
if key in self._seen:
ax = self._seen[key]
if isinstance(ax, projection_class):
self.sca(ax)
return ax
else:
self.axes.remove(ax)
self._axstack.remove(ax)
a = subplot_class_factory(projection_class)(self, *args, **kwargs)
self._seen[key] = a
self.axes.append(a)
self._axstack.push(a)
self.sca(a)
return a
def clf(self):
"""
Clear the figure
"""
self.suppressComposite = None
self.callbacks = cbook.CallbackRegistry(('dpi_changed', ))
for ax in tuple(self.axes): # Iterate over the copy.
ax.cla()
self.delaxes(ax) # removes ax from self.axes
toolbar = getattr(self.canvas, 'toolbar', None)
if toolbar is not None:
toolbar.update()
self._axstack.clear()
self._seen = {}
self.artists = []
self.lines = []
self.patches = []
self.texts=[]
self.images = []
self.legends = []
self._axobservers = []
def clear(self):
"""
Clear the figure -- synonym for fig.clf
"""
self.clf()
@allow_rasterization
def draw(self, renderer):
"""
Render the figure using :class:`matplotlib.backend_bases.RendererBase` instance renderer
"""
# draw the figure bounding box, perhaps none for white figure
#print 'figure draw'
if not self.get_visible(): return
renderer.open_group('figure')
if self.frameon: self.patch.draw(renderer)
# todo: respect zorder
for p in self.patches: p.draw(renderer)
for l in self.lines: l.draw(renderer)
for a in self.artists: a.draw(renderer)
# override the renderer default if self.suppressComposite
# is not None
composite = renderer.option_image_nocomposite()
if self.suppressComposite is not None:
composite = self.suppressComposite
if len(self.images)<=1 or composite or not allequal([im.origin for im in self.images]):
for im in self.images:
im.draw(renderer)
else:
# make a composite image blending alpha
# list of (_image.Image, ox, oy)
mag = renderer.get_image_magnification()
ims = [(im.make_image(mag), im.ox, im.oy)
for im in self.images]
im = _image.from_images(self.bbox.height * mag,
self.bbox.width * mag,
ims)
im.is_grayscale = False
l, b, w, h = self.bbox.bounds
gc = renderer.new_gc()
gc.set_clip_rectangle(self.bbox)
gc.set_clip_path(self.get_clip_path())
renderer.draw_image(gc, l, b, im)
gc.restore()
# render the axes
for a in self.axes: a.draw(renderer)
# render the figure text
for t in self.texts: t.draw(renderer)
for legend in self.legends:
legend.draw(renderer)
renderer.close_group('figure')
self._cachedRenderer = renderer
self.canvas.draw_event(renderer)
def draw_artist(self, a):
"""
draw :class:`matplotlib.artist.Artist` instance *a* only --
this is available only after the figure is drawn
"""
assert self._cachedRenderer is not None
a.draw(self._cachedRenderer)
def get_axes(self):
return self.axes
def legend(self, handles, labels, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Place a legend in the figure. Labels are a sequence of
strings, handles is a sequence of
:class:`~matplotlib.lines.Line2D` or
:class:`~matplotlib.patches.Patch` instances, and loc can be a
string or an integer specifying the legend location
USAGE::
legend( (line1, line2, line3),
('label1', 'label2', 'label3'),
'upper right')
The *loc* location codes are::
'best' : 0, (currently not supported for figure legends)
'upper right' : 1,
'upper left' : 2,
'lower left' : 3,
'lower right' : 4,
'right' : 5,
'center left' : 6,
'center right' : 7,
'lower center' : 8,
'upper center' : 9,
'center' : 10,
*loc* can also be an (x,y) tuple in figure coords, which
specifies the lower left of the legend box. figure coords are
(0,0) is the left, bottom of the figure and 1,1 is the right,
top.
Keyword arguments:
*prop*: [ None | FontProperties | dict ]
A :class:`matplotlib.font_manager.FontProperties`
instance. If *prop* is a dictionary, a new instance will be
created with *prop*. If *None*, use rc settings.
*numpoints*: integer
The number of points in the legend line, default is 4
*scatterpoints*: integer
The number of points in the legend line, default is 4
*scatteroffsets*: list of floats
a list of yoffsets for scatter symbols in legend
*markerscale*: [ None | scalar ]
The relative size of legend markers vs. original. If *None*, use rc
settings.
*fancybox*: [ None | False | True ]
if True, draw a frame with a round fancybox. If None, use rc
*shadow*: [ None | False | True ]
If *True*, draw a shadow behind legend. If *None*, use rc settings.
*ncol* : integer
number of columns. default is 1
*mode* : [ "expand" | None ]
if mode is "expand", the legend will be horizontally expanded
to fill the axes area (or *bbox_to_anchor*)
*title* : string
the legend title
Padding and spacing between various elements use following keywords
parameters. The dimensions of these values are given as a fraction
of the fontsize. Values from rcParams will be used if None.
================ ==================================================================
Keyword Description
================ ==================================================================
borderpad the fractional whitespace inside the legend border
labelspacing the vertical space between the legend entries
handlelength the length of the legend handles
handletextpad the pad between the legend handle and text
borderaxespad the pad between the axes and legend border
columnspacing the spacing between columns
================ ==================================================================
**Example:**
.. plot:: mpl_examples/pylab_examples/figlegend_demo.py
"""
handles = flatten(handles)
l = Legend(self, handles, labels, *args, **kwargs)
self.legends.append(l)
return l
@docstring.dedent_interpd
def text(self, x, y, s, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Call signature::
figtext(x, y, s, fontdict=None, **kwargs)
Add text to figure at location *x*, *y* (relative 0-1
coords). See :func:`~matplotlib.pyplot.text` for the meaning
of the other arguments.
kwargs control the :class:`~matplotlib.text.Text` properties:
%(Text)s
"""
override = _process_text_args({}, *args, **kwargs)
t = Text(
x=x, y=y, text=s,
)
t.update(override)
self._set_artist_props(t)
self.texts.append(t)
return t
def _set_artist_props(self, a):
if a!= self:
a.set_figure(self)
a.set_transform(self.transFigure)
@docstring.dedent_interpd
def gca(self, **kwargs):
"""
Return the current axes, creating one if necessary
The following kwargs are supported
%(Axes)s
"""
ax = self._axstack()
if ax is not None:
ispolar = kwargs.get('polar', False)
projection = kwargs.get('projection', None)
if ispolar:
if projection is not None and projection != 'polar':
raise ValueError(
"polar=True, yet projection='%s'. " +
"Only one of these arguments should be supplied." %
projection)
projection = 'polar'
projection_class = get_projection_class(projection)
if isinstance(ax, projection_class):
return ax
return self.add_subplot(111, **kwargs)
def sca(self, a):
'Set the current axes to be a and return a'
self._axstack.bubble(a)
for func in self._axobservers: func(self)
return a
def _gci(self):
"""
helper for :func:`~matplotlib.pyplot.gci`;
do not use elsewhere.
"""
for ax in reversed(self._axstack):
im = ax._gci()
if im is not None:
return im
return None
def add_axobserver(self, func):
'whenever the axes state change, func(self) will be called'
self._axobservers.append(func)
def savefig(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""
call signature::
savefig(fname, dpi=None, facecolor='w', edgecolor='w',
orientation='portrait', papertype=None, format=None,
transparent=False):
Save the current figure.
The output formats available depend on the backend being used.
Arguments:
*fname*:
A string containing a path to a filename, or a Python file-like object,
or possibly some backend-dependent object such as
:class:`~matplotlib.backends.backend_pdf.PdfPages`.
If *format* is *None* and *fname* is a string, the output
format is deduced from the extension of the filename.
If *fname* is not a string, remember to specify *format* to
ensure that the correct backend is used.
Keyword arguments:
*dpi*: [ None | scalar > 0 ]
The resolution in dots per inch. If *None* it will default to
the value ``savefig.dpi`` in the matplotlibrc file.
*facecolor*, *edgecolor*:
the colors of the figure rectangle
*orientation*: [ 'landscape' | 'portrait' ]
not supported on all backends; currently only on postscript output
*papertype*:
One of 'letter', 'legal', 'executive', 'ledger', 'a0' through
'a10', 'b0' through 'b10'. Only supported for postscript
output.
*format*:
One of the file extensions supported by the active
backend. Most backends support png, pdf, ps, eps and svg.
*transparent*:
If *True*, the figure patch and axes patches will all be
transparent. This is useful, for example, for displaying
a plot on top of a colored background on a web page. The
transparency of these patches will be restored to their
original values upon exit of this function.
*bbox_inches*:
Bbox in inches. Only the given portion of the figure is
saved. If 'tight', try to figure out the tight bbox of
the figure.
*pad_inches*:
Amount of padding around the figure when bbox_inches is
'tight'.
"""
for key in ('dpi', 'facecolor', 'edgecolor'):
if key not in kwargs:
kwargs[key] = rcParams['savefig.%s'%key]
transparent = kwargs.pop('transparent', False)
if transparent:
original_figure_alpha = self.patch.get_alpha()
self.patch.set_alpha(0.0)
original_axes_alpha = []
for ax in self.axes:
patch = ax.patch
original_axes_alpha.append(patch.get_alpha())
patch.set_alpha(0.0)
self.canvas.print_figure(*args, **kwargs)
if transparent:
self.patch.set_alpha(original_figure_alpha)
for ax, alpha in zip(self.axes, original_axes_alpha):
ax.patch.set_alpha(alpha)
@docstring.dedent_interpd
def colorbar(self, mappable, cax=None, ax=None, **kw):
"""
Create a colorbar for a ScalarMappable instance.
Documentation for the pylab thin wrapper:
%(colorbar_doc)s
"""
if ax is None:
ax = self.gca()
if cax is None:
cax, kw = cbar.make_axes(ax, **kw)
cax.hold(True)
cb = cbar.Colorbar(cax, mappable, **kw)
def on_changed(m):
#print 'calling on changed', m.get_cmap().name
cb.set_cmap(m.get_cmap())
cb.set_clim(m.get_clim())
cb.update_bruteforce(m)
self.cbid = mappable.callbacksSM.connect('changed', on_changed)
mappable.set_colorbar(cb, cax)
self.sca(ax)
return cb
def subplots_adjust(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""
fig.subplots_adjust(left=None, bottom=None, right=None, wspace=None, hspace=None)
Update the :class:`SubplotParams` with *kwargs* (defaulting to rc where
None) and update the subplot locations
"""
self.subplotpars.update(*args, **kwargs)
import matplotlib.axes
for ax in self.axes:
if not isinstance(ax, matplotlib.axes.SubplotBase):
# Check if sharing a subplots axis
if ax._sharex is not None and isinstance(ax._sharex, matplotlib.axes.SubplotBase):
ax._sharex.update_params()
ax.set_position(ax._sharex.figbox)
elif ax._sharey is not None and isinstance(ax._sharey, matplotlib.axes.SubplotBase):
ax._sharey.update_params()
ax.set_position(ax._sharey.figbox)
else:
ax.update_params()
ax.set_position(ax.figbox)
def ginput(self, n=1, timeout=30, show_clicks=True, mouse_add=1, mouse_pop=3, mouse_stop=2):
"""
call signature::
ginput(self, n=1, timeout=30, show_clicks=True,
mouse_add=1, mouse_pop=3, mouse_stop=2)
Blocking call to interact with the figure.
This will wait for *n* clicks from the user and return a list of the
coordinates of each click.
If *timeout* is zero or negative, does not timeout.
If *n* is zero or negative, accumulate clicks until a middle click
(or potentially both mouse buttons at once) terminates the input.
Right clicking cancels last input.
The buttons used for the various actions (adding points, removing
points, terminating the inputs) can be overriden via the
arguments *mouse_add*, *mouse_pop* and *mouse_stop*, that give
the associated mouse button: 1 for left, 2 for middle, 3 for
right.
The keyboard can also be used to select points in case your mouse
does not have one or more of the buttons. The delete and backspace
keys act like right clicking (i.e., remove last point), the enter key
terminates input and any other key (not already used by the window
manager) selects a point.
"""
blocking_mouse_input = BlockingMouseInput(self, mouse_add =mouse_add,
mouse_pop =mouse_pop,
mouse_stop=mouse_stop)
return blocking_mouse_input(n=n, timeout=timeout,
show_clicks=show_clicks)
def waitforbuttonpress(self, timeout=-1):
"""
call signature::
waitforbuttonpress(self, timeout=-1)
Blocking call to interact with the figure.
This will return True is a key was pressed, False if a mouse
button was pressed and None if *timeout* was reached without
either being pressed.
If *timeout* is negative, does not timeout.
"""
blocking_input = BlockingKeyMouseInput(self)
return blocking_input(timeout=timeout)
def get_tightbbox(self, renderer):
"""
Return a (tight) bounding box of the figure in inches.
It only accounts axes title, axis labels, and axis
ticklabels. Needs improvement.
"""
bb = []
for ax in self.axes:
if ax.get_visible():
bb.append(ax.get_tightbbox(renderer))
_bbox = Bbox.union([b for b in bb if b.width!=0 or b.height!=0])
bbox_inches = TransformedBbox(_bbox,
Affine2D().scale(1./self.dpi))
return bbox_inches
def figaspect(arg):
"""
Create a figure with specified aspect ratio. If *arg* is a number,
use that aspect ratio. If *arg* is an array, figaspect will
determine the width and height for a figure that would fit array
preserving aspect ratio. The figure width, height in inches are
returned. Be sure to create an axes with equal with and height,
eg
Example usage::
# make a figure twice as tall as it is wide
w, h = figaspect(2.)
fig = Figure(figsize=(w,h))
ax = fig.add_axes([0.1, 0.1, 0.8, 0.8])
ax.imshow(A, **kwargs)
# make a figure with the proper aspect for an array
A = rand(5,3)
w, h = figaspect(A)
fig = Figure(figsize=(w,h))
ax = fig.add_axes([0.1, 0.1, 0.8, 0.8])
ax.imshow(A, **kwargs)
Thanks to Fernando Perez for this function
"""
isarray = hasattr(arg, 'shape')
# min/max sizes to respect when autoscaling. If John likes the idea, they
# could become rc parameters, for now they're hardwired.
figsize_min = np.array((4.0,2.0)) # min length for width/height
figsize_max = np.array((16.0,16.0)) # max length for width/height
#figsize_min = rcParams['figure.figsize_min']
#figsize_max = rcParams['figure.figsize_max']
# Extract the aspect ratio of the array
if isarray:
nr,nc = arg.shape[:2]
arr_ratio = float(nr)/nc
else:
arr_ratio = float(arg)
# Height of user figure defaults
fig_height = rcParams['figure.figsize'][1]
# New size for the figure, keeping the aspect ratio of the caller
newsize = np.array((fig_height/arr_ratio,fig_height))
# Sanity checks, don't drop either dimension below figsize_min
newsize /= min(1.0,*(newsize/figsize_min))
# Avoid humongous windows as well
newsize /= max(1.0,*(newsize/figsize_max))
# Finally, if we have a really funky aspect ratio, break it but respect
# the min/max dimensions (we don't want figures 10 feet tall!)
newsize = np.clip(newsize,figsize_min,figsize_max)
return newsize
docstring.interpd.update(Figure=artist.kwdoc(Figure))
