Thylacine: Difference between revisions
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{{Taxobox |
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| name = Thylacine |
| name = Thylacine<ref name=MSW3>{{MSW3 Groves|pages=23|id=10800004}}</ref> |
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| fossil_range = [[Pliocene]] - [[Holocene]], {{fossil range|4|0.0001}} |
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| image = Colored-Crop-Tasmanian tiger.jpg |
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| image_upright = 1.2 |
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| image_caption = |
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| status = EX |
| status = EX |
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| status_system = IUCN3.1 |
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| status_ref = |
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| extinct = 1936 |
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| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]] |
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| species = cynocephalus |
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| infraclassis = [[Marsupialia]] |
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| range_map = ThylacineRangeMap.png |
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| ordo = [[Dasyuromorphia]] |
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| range_map_caption = Historic Thylacine range in Tasmania |
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| familia = †[[Thylacinidae]] |
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| synonyms = {{collapsible list|bullets = true|title=<small>List</small> |
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| genus = †''[[Thylacinus]]'' |
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| ''Didelphis cynocephala'' <small>Harris, 1808</small> |
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| species = †'''''T. cynocephalus''''' |
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| ''Dasyurus cynocephalus'' <small>Geoffroy, 1810</small> |
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| ''Thylacinus harrisii'' <small>Temminck, 1824</small> |
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| ''Dasyurus lucocephalus'' <small>Grant, 1831</small> |
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| ''Thylacinus striatus'' <small>Warlow, 1833</small> |
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| ''Thylacinus communis'' <small>Anon., 1859</small> |
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| ''Thylacinus breviceps'' <small>Krefft, 1868</small>}} |
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}} |
}} |
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| ⚫ | The '''thylacine''' ('''''Thylacinus cynocephalus''''') is an extinct species of [[mammal]]. It was a [[carnivore|carnivorous]] [[marsupial]] [[animal]]. The Thylacine was also known as '''[[Tasmania]]n tiger''', '''Tasmanian wolf''' and '''Tasmanian hyena'''. The last known Thylacine died in a [[Hobart]] [[zoo]] on 7 September 1936.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/wildlife/mammals/thylacin.html |title=Tasmanian Wildlife - Thylacine, or Tasmanian Tiger |access-date=2008-06-01 |archive-date=2008-07-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080721024331/http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/wildlife/mammals/thylacin.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> They once lived across [[Australia]] and [[New Guinea]]. There are paintings of the animals in the north of [[Western Australia]], and in the [[Northern Territory]].<ref>{{cite web |
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| ⚫ | ''' |
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| title = Indigenous Peoples and the Thylacine |
| title = Indigenous Peoples and the Thylacine |
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| work = Australia's Thylacine |
| work = Australia's Thylacine |
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| accessdate = August 5, 2008}} |
| accessdate = August 5, 2008}} |
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</ref> At [[Riversleigh |
</ref> At [[Australian Fossil Mammal Sites (Riversleigh) |Riversleigh]] in north [[Queensland]], [[scientist]]s have discovered the [[fossil]] bones of thylacines that are at least 30 million years old.<ref>{{cite web |
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| title = Is there a fossil Thylacine? |
| title = Is there a fossil Thylacine? |
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| work = Australia's Thylacine |
| work = Australia's Thylacine |
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</ref> |
</ref> |
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==Extinction== |
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==The extinction of the Thylacine== |
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Thylacines were common across Australia. Fossil remains have been found in Queensland, paintings have been found in Western Australia, and a [[mummification|mummified]] body was found in cave on the [[Nullabor Plain]] in [[South Australia]]. The body was dated as being 4,650 years old.<ref name=qb/> The thylacine began to disappear from the Australian mainland about 5,000 years ago. This is about the same time as the arrival in Australia of the [[dingo]]. Because of rising sea levels 10,000 years ago, Tasmania was separated from the Australian mainland by Bass Strait which the dingo never crossed. By the time [[Europe]]ans came to Australia in [[1788]], the Thylacine was only living in Tasmania. |
Thylacines were common across Australia. Fossil remains have been found in Queensland, paintings have been found in Western Australia, and a [[mummification|mummified]] body was found in cave on the [[Nullabor Plain]] in [[South Australia]]. The body was dated as being 4,650 years old.<ref name=qb/> The thylacine began to disappear from the Australian mainland about 5,000 years ago. This is about the same time as the arrival in Australia of the [[dingo]]. Because of rising sea levels 10,000 years ago, Tasmania was separated from the Australian mainland by Bass Strait which the dingo never crossed. By the time [[Europe]]ans came to Australia in [[1788]], the Thylacine was only living in Tasmania. |
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Sailors on [[Abel Tasman]]'s ship in November 1642 reported seeing "tiger" footprints.<ref name=paddle>{{cite book|last=Paddle|first=Robert|title=The Last Tasmanian Tiger: The history and extinction of the thylacine|year=2000|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Melbourne, Australia}}</ref> The French explorer, [[Antoine Bruni d'Entrecasteaux]], found a thylacine jaw bone in 1792.<ref name=paddle/> On May 13 |
Sailors on [[Abel Tasman]]'s ship in November 1642 reported seeing "tiger" footprints.<ref name=paddle>{{cite book|last=Paddle|first=Robert|title=The Last Tasmanian Tiger: The history and extinction of the thylacine|year=2000|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Melbourne, Australia}}</ref> The French explorer, [[Antoine Bruni d'Entrecasteaux]], found a thylacine jaw bone in 1792.<ref name=paddle/> On May 13, 1792, he made the first confirmed sighting, which was described as being the size of a large dog, streaked with black. In 1805, Lieutenant Governor Paterson sent a description of a thylacine to Sydney. He said the animal was rare and uncommon.<ref name=paddle/> |
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| ⚫ | Thylacines were hunted because farmers said they were killing [[sheep]]. The Tasmanian government gave money to farmers for each thylacine they killed. The last thylacine shot and killed was at [[Mawbanna, Tasmania]], on 13 May, 1930, by farmer Wilfred Batty.<ref name=qb/> The government brought in laws to protect them a few months before the last one died.<ref name=qb/> They are now [[extinct]], which means there are no thylacines left alive anywhere in the world.<ref>[http://www.naturalworlds.org/thylacine/additional/additional.htm The last known Tasmanian tiger was named "Benjamin"]; retrieved 2012-7-5.</ref> |
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| ⚫ | Thylacines were hunted because farmers said they were killing [[sheep]]. The Tasmanian government gave money to farmers for each thylacine they killed. The last thylacine shot and killed was at [[Mawbanna, Tasmania]], on 13 May, 1930, by farmer Wilfred Batty.<ref name=qb/> The government brought in laws to protect them a few months before the last one died.<ref name=qb/> They are now [[extinct]], which means there are no thylacines left alive anywhere in the world.<ref>[http://www.naturalworlds.org/thylacine/additional/additional.htm The last known Tasmanian tiger was named "Benjamin"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120819183932/http://www.naturalworlds.org/thylacine/additional/additional.htm |date=2012-08-19 }}; retrieved 2012-7-5.</ref> |
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== Appearance == |
== Appearance == |
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The |
The Thylacine was about 1.8 metres (71 inches) long and its tail was up to 53 [[centimetre|cms]] (21 inches) long. It would have been about 58 centimetres (23 inches) tall and could be up to 30 kilograms (66 pounds) in weight. It was gray and brown in colour with 16 black or brown stripes on its back. It had the same shape as a dog, but the back, rump and tail were more like a [[kangaroo]]. Its tail was quite stiff. It had very short legs.<ref>{{cite web |
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| title = What did the thylacine look like? |
| title = What did the thylacine look like? |
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| work = Australia's Thylacine |
| work = Australia's Thylacine |
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| accessdate = August 5, 2008}} |
| accessdate = August 5, 2008}} |
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</ref> It had teeth like a dog, but with more [[incisor]] teeth. |
</ref> It had teeth like a dog, but with more [[incisor]] teeth. The thylacine was able to open its mouth about 120 degrees.<ref name=qb>{{cite book | last =Beresford ,Quentin & Bailey, Garry| title =Search for the Tasmanian tiger | publisher = Blubber Head Press| date = 1981| location =[[Hobart]], Tasmania | pages = | url = | doi = | id = | isbn = 0-908528-06-X}}</ref> |
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The |
The thylacine was a [[nocturnal]] (night) hunting animal. They ate [[wallaby|wallabies]], [[rat]]s, [[bird]]s, [[echidna]]s, [[rabbit]]s and [[sheep]]. |
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The thylacines were marsupials, which means the female carried the babies in a pouch. The pouch opened to the rear.<ref name=qb/> |
The thylacines were marsupials, which means the female carried the babies in a pouch. The pouch opened to the rear.<ref name=qb/> |
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Latest revision as of 10:59, 8 December 2023
| Thylacine[1] | |
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Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Infraclass: | Marsupialia |
| Order: | Dasyuromorphia |
| Family: | †Thylacinidae |
| Genus: | †Thylacinus |
| Species: | †T. cynocephalus
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| Binomial name | |
| Thylacinus cynocephalus (Harris, 1808)
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| Historic Thylacine range in Tasmania | |
| Synonyms | |
|
List
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The thylacine (Thylacinus cynocephalus) is an extinct species of mammal. It was a carnivorous marsupial animal. The Thylacine was also known as Tasmanian tiger, Tasmanian wolf and Tasmanian hyena. The last known Thylacine died in a Hobart zoo on 7 September 1936.[2] They once lived across Australia and New Guinea. There are paintings of the animals in the north of Western Australia, and in the Northern Territory.[3] At Riversleigh in north Queensland, scientists have discovered the fossil bones of thylacines that are at least 30 million years old.[4]
Extinction
[change | change source]
Thylacines were common across Australia. Fossil remains have been found in Queensland, paintings have been found in Western Australia, and a mummified body was found in cave on the Nullabor Plain in South Australia. The body was dated as being 4,650 years old.[5] The thylacine began to disappear from the Australian mainland about 5,000 years ago. This is about the same time as the arrival in Australia of the dingo. Because of rising sea levels 10,000 years ago, Tasmania was separated from the Australian mainland by Bass Strait which the dingo never crossed. By the time Europeans came to Australia in 1788, the Thylacine was only living in Tasmania.
Sailors on Abel Tasman's ship in November 1642 reported seeing "tiger" footprints.[6] The French explorer, Antoine Bruni d'Entrecasteaux, found a thylacine jaw bone in 1792.[6] On May 13, 1792, he made the first confirmed sighting, which was described as being the size of a large dog, streaked with black. In 1805, Lieutenant Governor Paterson sent a description of a thylacine to Sydney. He said the animal was rare and uncommon.[6]
Thylacines were hunted because farmers said they were killing sheep. The Tasmanian government gave money to farmers for each thylacine they killed. The last thylacine shot and killed was at Mawbanna, Tasmania, on 13 May, 1930, by farmer Wilfred Batty.[5] The government brought in laws to protect them a few months before the last one died.[5] They are now extinct, which means there are no thylacines left alive anywhere in the world.[7]
Appearance
[change | change source]The Thylacine was about 1.8 metres (71 inches) long and its tail was up to 53 cms (21 inches) long. It would have been about 58 centimetres (23 inches) tall and could be up to 30 kilograms (66 pounds) in weight. It was gray and brown in colour with 16 black or brown stripes on its back. It had the same shape as a dog, but the back, rump and tail were more like a kangaroo. Its tail was quite stiff. It had very short legs.[8] It had teeth like a dog, but with more incisor teeth. The thylacine was able to open its mouth about 120 degrees.[5]
The thylacine was a nocturnal (night) hunting animal. They ate wallabies, rats, birds, echidnas, rabbits and sheep.
The thylacines were marsupials, which means the female carried the babies in a pouch. The pouch opened to the rear.[5]
Other websites
[change | change source]References
[change | change source]
Wikispecies has information on: Thylacinus cynocephalus.
- ↑ Groves, Colin (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 23. ISBN 0-801-88221-4.
- ↑ "Tasmanian Wildlife - Thylacine, or Tasmanian Tiger". Archived from the original on 2008-07-21. Retrieved 2008-06-01.
- ↑ "Indigenous Peoples and the Thylacine" (htm). Australia's Thylacine. Australian Museum Online. 2002. Retrieved August 5, 2008.
- ↑ "Is there a fossil Thylacine?" (htm). Australia's Thylacine. Australian Museum Online. 2002. Retrieved August 5, 2008.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Beresford ,Quentin & Bailey, Garry (1981). Search for the Tasmanian tiger. Hobart, Tasmania: Blubber Head Press. ISBN 0-908528-06-X.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Paddle, Robert (2000). The Last Tasmanian Tiger: The history and extinction of the thylacine. Melbourne, Australia: Cambridge University Press.
- ↑ The last known Tasmanian tiger was named "Benjamin" Archived 2012-08-19 at the Wayback Machine; retrieved 2012-7-5.
- ↑ "What did the thylacine look like?" (htm). Australia's Thylacine. Australian Museum Online. 2002. Retrieved August 5, 2008.