Thaddeus Stevens
Thaddeus Stevens (born April 4, 1792) was an American Republican leader. He was one of the most powerful members of the United States House of Representatives from 1849 until his death in 1868.
Thaddeus Stevens | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania's 9th district | |
| Assumed office March 4, 1859 | |
| Preceded by | Anthony Roberts |
| Succeeded by | Oliver Dickey |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania's 8th district | |
| Assumed office March 4, 1849 | |
| Preceded by | John Strohm |
| Succeeded by | Henry A. Muhlenberg |
| Personal details | |
| Born | April 4, 1792 Danville, Vermont, U.S. |
| Died | August 11, 1868 (aged 76) Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Political party | Federalist, Anti-Masonic, Whig, Republican |
| Profession | Politician |
| Signature |  |
He was chairman of the powerful House Ways and Means Committee. Stevens was a witty, sarcastic speaker and confident party leader. He dominated the House from 1861 until his death. Stevens helped create the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution.[1] He also helped with the act that helped the Reconstruction of the United States.[1]
Early life
changeStevens was born in Danville, Vermont on April 4, 1792.[2] He went to Dartmouth College and the University of Vermont. Stevens was never married and had no children. He was in a relationship with his black housekeeper even when slavery was legal. He wore a wig because he was bald.
Political career
changeHe wrote much of the financial legislation that paid for the American Civil War. Stevens and Senator Charles Sumner were the prime leaders of the Radical Republicans during the war and Reconstruction era. He worked and supported Abraham Lincoln's plan to end slavery and the U.S. reconstruction plan. He was part of Andrew Johnson's impeachment.
Death
changeStevens died on August 11, 1868 in Washington, D.C. from a stomach infection, aged 76. He was buried in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
Personal life
changeStevens never married. However, there were rumors about his 20-year relationship (1848–1868) with his widowed housekeeper, Lydia Hamilton Smith (1813–1884).[3][4] She was a light-skinned African-American; her husband Jacob and at least one of her sons were much darker than she was.[5]
Culture
changeHe was played by actor Tommy Lee Jones in Steven Spielberg's 2012 biography movie Lincoln.
References
change- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Thaddeus Stevens
- ↑ Congressional Biography
- ↑ "Who was Lydia Hamilton Smith?". Stevensandsmith.org. February 6, 2010. Archived from the original on February 6, 2010. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
- ↑ Woodley, Thomas Frederick (1969) [1937]. The Great Leveler: Thaddeus Stevens. New York: Stackpole Sons. p. 149. ISBN 978-0-8369-5104-2.
- ↑ Brodie, pp. 86–87
Other websites
change
Media related to Thaddeus Stevens at Wikimedia Commons
- Stevens and Smith Historic Site
- Thaddeus Stevens Society
- Thaddeus Stevens's Legacy Archived 2007-01-29 at the Wayback Machine