1688

1688 (MDCLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar, the 1688th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 688th year of the 2nd millennium, the 88th year of the 17th century, and the 9th year of the 1680s decade. As of the start of 1688, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	16th century – 17th century – 18th century
Decades:	1650s  1660s  1670s  – 1680s –  1690s  1700s  1710s
Years:	1685 1686 1687 – 1688 – 1689 1690 1691

1688 in other calendars

Gregorian calendar	1688 MDCLXXXVIII
Ab urbe condita	2441
Armenian calendar	1137 ԹՎ ՌՃԼԷ
Assyrian calendar	6438
Balinese saka calendar	1609–1610
Bengali calendar	1095
Berber calendar	2638
English Regnal year	3 Ja. 2 – 1 Will. & Mar.
Buddhist calendar	2232
Burmese calendar	1050
Byzantine calendar	7196–7197
Chinese calendar	丁卯年 (Fire Rabbit) 4384 or 4324     — to — 戊辰年 (Earth Dragon) 4385 or 4325
Coptic calendar	1404–1405
Discordian calendar	2854
Ethiopian calendar	1680–1681
Hebrew calendar	5448–5449
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1744–1745
- Shaka Samvat	1609–1610
- Kali Yuga	4788–4789
Holocene calendar	11688
Igbo calendar	688–689
Iranian calendar	1066–1067
Islamic calendar	1099–1100
Japanese calendar	Jōkyō 5 / Genroku 1 (元禄元年)
Javanese calendar	1611–1612
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 10 days
Korean calendar	4021
Minguo calendar	224 before ROC 民前224年
Nanakshahi calendar	220
Thai solar calendar	2230–2231
Tibetan calendar	阴火兔年 (female Fire-Rabbit) 1814 or 1433 or 661     — to — 阳土龙年 (male Earth-Dragon) 1815 or 1434 or 662

Events

• March – William Dampier makes first recorded visit to Christmas Island.
• April 18 (Julian calendar) – Germantown Quaker Protest Against Slavery drafted by four Germantown Quakers.
• April 29 – Frederick I of Prussia becomes Kurfürst (Elector) of Brandenburg.
• June 30 – A high-powered conspiracy of notables, the "Immortal Seven", invite William and Mary to depose James II of England.
• July – Phetracha stages a coup d'état and becomes king of Ayutthaya.
• October 27 – King James II of England fires his minister Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland.
• November 5 – The Glorious Revolution begins: William of Orange lands at Brixham but James II of England is prevented from meeting him in battle because many of his officers and men desert to the other side.
• November 9 – William of Orange captures Exeter after the magistrates flee the city.
• November 23 – A group of 1500 Old Believers immolated themselves to avoid capture when troops of the tsar laid siege to their monastery on Lake Onega.
• November 26 – Hearing that William of Orange has landed in England, Louis XIV declares war on the Netherlands. Perhaps revealingly, he does not attack the Netherlands but instead strikes at the heart of the Holy Roman Empire with about 100,000 soldiers. The Nine Years' War begins in Europe and America.
• December 11 – After a series of defeats King James II of England flees England for France.

Undated

• Austria occupies Belgrade.
• Francesco Morosini becomes Doge of Venice.
• Fire destroys Bungay in England.
• Ottoman Turks besiege Vienna.
• Neuruppin becomes a Prussian garrison town.
• Antonio Verrio begins work on the Heaven Room at Burghley House.
• Janez Vajkard Valvasor becomes a member of the Royal Society.
• The Austrians incite a rebellion against the Ottomans in Bulgaria.

Births

for more information, see Category:1688 births.

• January 18 – Lionel Cranfield Sackville, 1st Duke of Dorset, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (died 1765)
• January 29 – Emanuel Swedenborg Swedish scientist, philosopher, and theologian (died 1772)
• February 2 – Queen Ulrike Eleonora of Sweden (died 1741)
• February 4 – Pierre de Marivaux, French playwright (died 1763)
• March – William Burnet, British colonial administrator (died 1729)
• April 4 – Joseph-Nicolas Delisle, French astronomer (died 1768)
• April 15 – Johann Friedrich Fasch, German composer (died 1758)
• May 22 – Alexander Pope, English poet (died 1744)
• June 10 – James Francis Edward Stuart, "The Old Pretender" (died 1766)
• July 19 – Giuseppe Castiglione, Italian missionary to China (died 1766)
• August 14 – King Frederick William I of Prussia (died 1740)
• September 12 – Ferdinand Brokoff, Czech sculptor (died 1731)
• October 17 – Domenico Zipoli, Italian composer (died 1726)
• October 22 – Nadir Shah of Persia (died 1747)
• Date Unknown – Charles Rivington, English publisher (died 1742)

Deaths

• January 7 – James Howard, 3rd Earl of Suffolk
• February 2 – Abraham Duquesne, French naval officer (born 1610)
• April 29 – Friedrich Wilhelm I of Brandenburg (born 1620)
• May 14 – Antoine Furetière, French writer (born 1619)
• June 5 – Constantine Phaulkon, Greek adventurer (born 1667)
• June 26 – Ralph Cudworth, English philosopher (born 1617)
• July 11 – Narai of Thailand (born 1639)
• July 21 – James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde, Irish statesman (born 1610)
• August 25 – Henry Morgan, Welsh privateer and Governor of Jamaica (born c. 1635)
• August 31 – John Bunyan, English writer (born 1628)
• September 2 – Robert Viner, Lord Mayor of London (born 1631)
• October 6 – Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle, English statesman (born 1653)
• October 23 – Charles du Fresne, sieur du Cange, French philologist (born 1610)
• November 26 – Philippe Quinault, French dramatist (born 1635)
• December 15 – Gaspar Fagel, Dutch statesman (born 1634)

for more information, see Category:1688 deaths.