pgsql: Add temporal FOREIGN KEY contraints

Add temporal FOREIGN KEY contraints

Add PERIOD clause to foreign key constraint definitions.  This is
supported for range and multirange types.  Temporal foreign keys check
for range containment instead of equality.

This feature matches the behavior of the SQL standard temporal foreign
keys, but it works on PostgreSQL's native ranges instead of SQL's
"periods", which don't exist in PostgreSQL (yet).

Reference actions ON {UPDATE,DELETE} {CASCADE,SET NULL,SET DEFAULT}
are not supported yet.

Author: Paul A. Jungwirth <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: Peter Eisentraut <[email protected]>
Reviewed-by: jian he <[email protected]>
Discussion:
https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/CA+renyUApHgSZF9-nd-a0+OPGharLQLO=mDHcY4_qQ0+noCUVg@mail.gmail.com

Branch
------
master

Details
-------
https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/34768ee361656841a122f1c8d52a2ad753612feb

Modified Files
--------------
contrib/btree_gist/expected/without_overlaps.out |   48 +
contrib/btree_gist/sql/without_overlaps.sql      |   28 +
doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml                       |    3 +-
doc/src/sgml/ref/create_table.sgml               |   43 +-
src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c              |   58 ++
src/backend/commands/indexcmds.c                 |   31 +-
src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c                 |  226 ++++-
src/backend/parser/gram.y                        |   45 +-
src/backend/utils/adt/ri_triggers.c              |  168 +++-
src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c                |   17 +-
src/include/catalog/pg_constraint.h              |   21 +-
src/include/commands/defrem.h                    |    2 +-
src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h                   |    2 +
src/include/parser/kwlist.h                      |    1 +
src/test/regress/expected/without_overlaps.out   | 1159 +++++++++++++++++++++-
src/test/regress/sql/without_overlaps.sql        | 1056 +++++++++++++++++++-
16 files changed, 2790 insertions(+), 118 deletions(-)