Dose rate effects in the radiation damage of the plastic scintillators of the CMS hadron endcap calorimeter

V. Khachatryan; A.M. Sirunyan; A. Tumasyan; A. Litomin; V. Mossolov; N. Shumeiko; M. Van De Klundert; H. Van Haevermaet; P. Van Mechelen; A. Van Spilbeeck; G.A. Alves; W.L. Aldá Júnior; C. Hensel; W. Carvalho; J. Chinellato; C. De Oliveira Martins; D. Matos Figueiredo; C. Mora Herrera; H. Nogima; W.L. Prado Da Silva; E.J. Tonelli Manganote; A. Vilela Pereira; M. Finger; M. Finger Jr.; S. Jain; R. Khurana; G. Adamov; Z. Tsamalaidze; U. Behrens; K. Borras; A. Campbell; F. Costanza; P. Gunnellini; A. Lobanov; I.-A. Melzer-Pellmann; C. Muhl; B. Roland; M. Sahin; P. Saxena; V. Hegde; K. Kothekar; S. Pandey; S. Sharma; S.B. Beri; B. Bhawandeep; R. Chawla; A. Kalsi; A. Kaur; M. Kaur; G. Walia; S. Bhattacharya; S. Ghosh; S. Nandan; A. Purohit; M. Sharan; S. Banerjee; S. Bhattacharya; S. Bhowmik; S. Chatterjee; P. Das; R.K. Dewanjee; S. Jain; S. Kumar; M. Maity; G. Majumder; P. Mandakini; M. Patil; T. Sarkar; A. Saikh; S. Sezen; A. Juodagalvis; S. Afanasiev; P. Bunin; Y. Ershov; I. Golutvin; A. Malakhov; P. Moisenz; V. Smirnov; A. Zarubin; M. Chadeeva; R. Chistov; M. Danilov; E. Popova; V. Rusinov; Yu. Andreev; A. Dermenev; A. Karneyeu; N. Krasnikov; D. Tlisov; A. Toropin; V. Epshteyn; V. Gavrilov; N. Lychkovskaya; V. Popov; I. Pozdnyakov; G. Safronov; M. Toms; A. Zhokin; H. Flacher; A. Baskakov; A. Belyaev; E. Boos; M. Dubinin; L. Dudko; A. Ershov; A. Gribushin; A. Kaminskiy; V. Klyukhin; O. Kodolova; I. Lokhtin; I. Miagkov; S. Obraztsov; S. Petrushanko; V. Savrin; A. Snigirev; V. Andreev; M. Azarkin; I. Dremin; M. Kirakosyan; A. Leonidov; A. Terkulov; S. Bitioukov; D. Elumakhov; A. Kalinin; V. Krychkine; P. Mandrik; V. Petrov; R. Ryutin; A. Sobol; S. Troshin; A. Volkov; A. Adiguzel; N. Bakirci; S. Cerci; S. Damarseckin; Z.S. Demiroglu; C. Dozen; I. Dumanoglu; E. Eskut; S. Girgis; G. Gokbulut; Y. Guler; I. Hos; E.E. Kangal; O. Kara; A. Kayis Topaksu; U. Kiminsu; M. Oglakci; G. Onengut; K. Ozdemir; S. Ozturk; A. Polatoz; D. Sunar Cerci; B. Tali; H. Topakli; S. Turkcapar; I.S. Zorbakir; C. Zorbilmez; B. Bilin; B. Isildak; G. Karapinar; A. Murat Guler; K. Ocalan; M. Yalvac; M. Zeyrek; E. Gülmez; M. Kaya; O. Kaya; E.A. Yetkin; T. Yetkin; K. Cankocak; S. Sen; A. Boyarintsev; B. Grynyov; L. Levchuk; V. Popov; P. Sorokin; A. Borzou; K. Call; J. Dittmann; K. Hatakeyama; H. Liu; N. Pastika; O. Charaf; S.I. Cooper; C. Henderson; P. Rumerio; C. West; D. Arcaro; D. Gastler; E. Hazen; J. Rohlf; L. Sulak; S. Wu; D. Zou; J. Hakala; U. Heintz; K.H.M. Kwok; E. Laird; G. Landsberg; Z. Mao; J.W. Gary; S.M. Ghiasi Shirazi; F. Lacroix; O.R. Long; H. Wei; R. Bhandari; R. Heller; D. Stuart; J.H. Yoo; A. Apresyan; Y. Chen; J. Duarte; M. Spiropulu; D. Winn; S. Abdullin; S. Banerjee; F. Chlebana; J. Freeman; D. Green; D. Hare; J. Hirschauer; U. Joshi; D. Lincoln; S. Los; K. Pedro; W.J. Spalding; N. Strobbe; S. Tkaczyk; A. Whitbeck; S. Linn; P. Markowitz; G. Martinez; M. Bertoldi; S. Hagopian; V. Hagopian; T. Kolberg; M.M. Baarmand; D. Noonan; T. Roy; F. Yumiceva; B. Bilki; W. Clarida; P. Debbins; K. Dilsiz; S. Durgut; R.P. Gandrajula; M. Haytmyradov; V. Khristenko; J.-P. Merlo; H. Mermerkaya; A. Mestvirishvili; M. Miller; A. Moeller; J. Nachtman; H. Ogul; Y. Onel; F. Ozok; A. Penzo; I. Schmidt; C. Snyder; D. Southwick; E. Tiras; K. Yi; A. Al-bataineh; J. Bowen; J. Castle; W. McBrayer; M. Murray; Q. Wang; K. Kaadze; Y. Maravin; A. Mohammadi; L.K. Saini; A. Baden; A. Belloni; S.C. Eno; C. Ferraioli; T. Grassi; N.J. Hadley; G.-Y. Jeng; R.G. Kellogg; J. Kunkle; A. Mignerey; F. Ricci-Tam; Y.H. Shin; A. Skuja; M.B. Tonjes; Z.S. Yang; A. Apyan; K. Bierwagen; S. Brandt; M. Klute; X. Niu; R.M. Chatterjee; A. Evans; E. Frahm; Y. Kubota; Z. Lesko; J. Mans; N. Ruckstuhl; A. Heering; D.J. Karmgard; Y. Musienko; R. Ruchti; M. Wayne; A.D. Benaglia; T. Medvedeva; K. Mei; C. Tully; A. Bodek; P. de Barbaro; M. Galanti; A. Garcia-Bellido; A. Khukhunaishvili; K.H. Lo; D. Vishnevskiy; M. Zielinski; A. Agapitos; J.P. Chou; E. Hughes; H. Saka; D. Sheffield; N. Akchurin; J. Damgov; F. De Guio; P.R. Dudero; J. Faulkner; E. Gurpinar; S. Kunori; K. Lamichhane; S.W. Lee; T. Libeiro; S. Undleeb; I. Volobouev; Z. Wang; S. Goadhouse; R. Hirosky; Y. Wang; on behalf of CMS-HCAL collaboration

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/11/10/T10004

Journal of Instrumentation

The following article is Open access

Dose rate effects in the radiation damage of the plastic scintillators of the CMS hadron endcap calorimeter

V. Khachatryan¹, A.M. Sirunyan¹, A. Tumasyan¹, A. Litomin², V. Mossolov², N. Shumeiko², M. Van De Klundert³, H. Van Haevermaet³, P. Van Mechelen³, A. Van Spilbeeck³, G.A. Alves⁴, W.L. Aldá Júnior⁴, C. Hensel⁴, W. Carvalho⁵, J. Chinellato⁵, C. De Oliveira Martins⁵, D. Matos Figueiredo⁵, C. Mora Herrera⁵, H. Nogima⁵, W.L. Prado Da Silva⁵, E.J. Tonelli Manganote⁵, A. Vilela Pereira⁵, M. Finger⁶, M. Finger Jr.⁶, S. Jain⁶, R. Khurana⁶, G. Adamov⁷, Z. Tsamalaidze⁷, U. Behrens⁸, K. Borras⁸, A. Campbell⁸, F. Costanza⁸, P. Gunnellini⁸, A. Lobanov⁸, I.-A. Melzer-Pellmann⁸, C. Muhl⁸, B. Roland⁸, M. Sahin⁸, P. Saxena⁸, V. Hegde⁹, K. Kothekar⁹, S. Pandey⁹, S. Sharma⁹, S.B. Beri¹⁰, B. Bhawandeep¹⁰, R. Chawla¹⁰, A. Kalsi¹⁰, A. Kaur¹⁰, M. Kaur¹⁰, G. Walia¹⁰, S. Bhattacharya¹¹, S. Ghosh¹¹, S. Nandan¹¹, A. Purohit¹¹, M. Sharan¹¹, S. Banerjee¹², S. Bhattacharya¹², S. Bhowmik¹², S. Chatterjee¹², P. Das¹², R.K. Dewanjee¹², S. Jain¹², S. Kumar¹², M. Maity¹², G. Majumder¹², P. Mandakini¹², M. Patil¹², T. Sarkar¹², A. Saikh¹², S. Sezen¹³, A. Juodagalvis¹⁴, S. Afanasiev¹⁵, P. Bunin¹⁵, Y. Ershov¹⁵, I. Golutvin¹⁵, A. Malakhov¹⁵, P. Moisenz¹⁵, V. Smirnov¹⁵, A. Zarubin¹⁵, M. Chadeeva¹⁶, R. Chistov¹⁶, M. Danilov¹⁶, E. Popova¹⁶, V. Rusinov¹⁶, Yu. Andreev¹⁷, A. Dermenev¹⁷, A. Karneyeu¹⁷, N. Krasnikov¹⁷, D. Tlisov¹⁷, A. Toropin¹⁷, V. Epshteyn¹⁸, V. Gavrilov¹⁸, N. Lychkovskaya¹⁸, V. Popov¹⁸, I. Pozdnyakov¹⁸, G. Safronov¹⁸, M. Toms¹⁸, A. Zhokin¹⁸, H. Flacher¹⁹, A. Baskakov²⁰, A. Belyaev²⁰, E. Boos²⁰, M. Dubinin²⁰, L. Dudko²⁰, A. Ershov²⁰, A. Gribushin²⁰, A. Kaminskiy²⁰, V. Klyukhin²⁰, O. Kodolova²⁰, I. Lokhtin²⁰, I. Miagkov²⁰, S. Obraztsov²⁰, S. Petrushanko²⁰, V. Savrin²⁰, A. Snigirev²⁰, V. Andreev²¹, M. Azarkin²¹, I. Dremin²¹, M. Kirakosyan²¹, A. Leonidov²¹, A. Terkulov²¹, S. Bitioukov²², D. Elumakhov²², A. Kalinin²², V. Krychkine²², P. Mandrik²², V. Petrov²², R. Ryutin²², A. Sobol²², S. Troshin²², A. Volkov²², A. Adiguzel²³, N. Bakirci²³, S. Cerci²³, S. Damarseckin²³, Z.S. Demiroglu²³, C. Dozen²³, I. Dumanoglu²³, E. Eskut²³, S. Girgis²³, G. Gokbulut²³, Y. Guler²³, I. Hos²³, E.E. Kangal²³, O. Kara²³, A. Kayis Topaksu²³, U. Kiminsu²³, M. Oglakci²³, G. Onengut²³, K. Ozdemir²³, S. Ozturk²³, A. Polatoz²³, D. Sunar Cerci²³, B. Tali²³, H. Topakli²³, S. Turkcapar²³, I.S. Zorbakir²³, C. Zorbilmez²³, B. Bilin²⁴, B. Isildak²⁴, G. Karapinar²⁴, A. Murat Guler²⁴, K. Ocalan²⁴, M. Yalvac²⁴, M. Zeyrek²⁴, E. Gülmez²⁵, M. Kaya²⁵, O. Kaya²⁵, E.A. Yetkin²⁵, T. Yetkin²⁵, K. Cankocak²⁶, S. Sen²⁶, A. Boyarintsev²⁷, B. Grynyov²⁷, L. Levchuk²⁸, V. Popov²⁸, P. Sorokin²⁸, A. Borzou²⁹, K. Call²⁹, J. Dittmann²⁹, K. Hatakeyama²⁹, H. Liu²⁹, N. Pastika²⁹, O. Charaf³⁰, S.I. Cooper³⁰, C. Henderson³⁰, P. Rumerio³⁰, C. West³⁰, D. Arcaro³¹, D. Gastler³¹, E. Hazen³¹, J. Rohlf³¹, L. Sulak³¹, S. Wu³¹, D. Zou³¹, J. Hakala³², U. Heintz³², K.H.M. Kwok³², E. Laird³², G. Landsberg³², Z. Mao³², J.W. Gary³³, S.M. Ghiasi Shirazi³³, F. Lacroix³³, O.R. Long³³, H. Wei³³, R. Bhandari³⁴, R. Heller³⁴, D. Stuart³⁴, J.H. Yoo³⁴, A. Apresyan³⁵, Y. Chen³⁵, J. Duarte³⁵, M. Spiropulu³⁵, D. Winn³⁶, S. Abdullin³⁷, S. Banerjee³⁷, F. Chlebana³⁷, J. Freeman³⁷, D. Green³⁷, D. Hare³⁷, J. Hirschauer³⁷, U. Joshi³⁷, D. Lincoln³⁷, S. Los³⁷, K. Pedro³⁷, W.J. Spalding³⁷, N. Strobbe³⁷, S. Tkaczyk³⁷, A. Whitbeck³⁷, S. Linn³⁸, P. Markowitz³⁸, G. Martinez³⁸, M. Bertoldi³⁹, S. Hagopian³⁹, V. Hagopian³⁹, T. Kolberg³⁹, M.M. Baarmand⁴⁰, D. Noonan⁴⁰, T. Roy⁴⁰, F. Yumiceva⁴⁰, B. Bilki⁴¹, W. Clarida⁴¹, P. Debbins⁴¹, K. Dilsiz⁴¹, S. Durgut⁴¹, R.P. Gandrajula⁴¹, M. Haytmyradov⁴¹, V. Khristenko⁴¹, J.-P. Merlo⁴¹, H. Mermerkaya⁴¹, A. Mestvirishvili⁴¹, M. Miller⁴¹, A. Moeller⁴¹, J. Nachtman⁴¹, H. Ogul⁴¹, Y. Onel⁴¹, F. Ozok⁴¹, A. Penzo⁴¹, I. Schmidt⁴¹, C. Snyder⁴¹, D. Southwick⁴¹, E. Tiras⁴¹, K. Yi⁴¹, A. Al-bataineh⁴², J. Bowen⁴², J. Castle⁴², W. McBrayer⁴², M. Murray⁴², Q. Wang⁴², K. Kaadze⁴³, Y. Maravin⁴³, A. Mohammadi⁴³, L.K. Saini⁴³, A. Baden⁴⁴, A. Belloni⁴⁴, S.C. Eno⁴⁴, C. Ferraioli⁴⁴, T. Grassi⁴⁴, N.J. Hadley⁴⁴, G.-Y. Jeng⁴⁴, R.G. Kellogg⁴⁴, J. Kunkle⁴⁴, A. Mignerey⁴⁴, F. Ricci-Tam⁴⁴, Y.H. Shin⁴⁴, A. Skuja⁴⁴, M.B. Tonjes⁴⁴, Z.S. Yang⁴⁴, A. Apyan⁴⁵, K. Bierwagen⁴⁵, S. Brandt⁴⁵, M. Klute⁴³, X. Niu⁴⁵, R.M. Chatterjee⁴⁶, A. Evans⁴⁶, E. Frahm⁴⁶, Y. Kubota⁴⁶, Z. Lesko⁴⁶, J. Mans⁴⁶, N. Ruckstuhl⁴⁶, A. Heering⁴⁷, D.J. Karmgard⁴⁷, Y. Musienko⁴⁷, R. Ruchti⁴⁷, M. Wayne⁴⁷, A.D. Benaglia⁴⁸, T. Medvedeva⁴⁸, K. Mei⁴⁸, C. Tully⁴⁸, A. Bodek⁴⁹, P. de Barbaro⁴⁹, M. Galanti⁴⁹, A. Garcia-Bellido⁴⁹, A. Khukhunaishvili⁴⁹, K.H. Lo⁴⁹, D. Vishnevskiy⁴⁹, M. Zielinski⁴⁹, A. Agapitos⁵⁰, J.P. Chou⁵⁰, E. Hughes⁵⁰, H. Saka⁵⁰, D. Sheffield⁵⁰, N. Akchurin⁵¹, J. Damgov⁵¹, F. De Guio⁵¹, P.R. Dudero⁵¹, J. Faulkner⁵¹, E. Gurpinar⁵¹, S. Kunori⁵¹, K. Lamichhane⁵¹, S.W. Lee⁵¹, T. Libeiro⁵¹, S. Undleeb⁵¹, I. Volobouev⁵¹, Z. Wang⁵¹, S. Goadhouse⁵², R. Hirosky⁵², Y. Wang⁵² and on behalf of CMS-HCAL collaboration

Published 7 October 2016 • © CERN 2016 for the benefit of the CMS collaboration.
Journal of Instrumentation, Volume 11, October 2016 Citation V. Khachatryan et al 2016 JINST 11 T10004 DOI 10.1088/1748-0221/11/10/T10004

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¹ Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia

² National Centre for Particle and High Energy Physics, Minsk, Belarus

³ Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium

⁴ Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

⁵ Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

⁶ Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic

⁷ Institute of High Energy Physics and Informatization, Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia

⁸ Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany

⁹ Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India

¹⁰ Panjab University, Chandigarh, India

¹¹ Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, India

¹² Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-B, Mumbai, India

¹³ Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea

¹⁴ Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania

¹⁵ Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia

¹⁶ National Research Nuclear University Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia

¹⁷ Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia

¹⁸ Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, Russia

¹⁹ University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

²⁰ Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

²¹ P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia

²² State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino, Russia

²³ Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey

²⁴ Middle East Technical University, Physics Department, Ankara, Turkey

²⁵ Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey

²⁶ Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey

²⁷ Institute for Scintillation Materials of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kharkov, Ukraine

²⁸ National Scientific Center, Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov, Ukraine

²⁹ Baylor University, Waco, U.S.A.

³⁰ The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, U.S.A.

³¹ Boston University, Boston, U.S.A.

³² Brown University, Providence, U.S.A.

³³ University of California, Riverside, Riverside, U.S.A.

³⁴ University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, U.S.A.

³⁵ California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, U.S.A.

³⁶ Fairfield University, Fairfield, U.S.A.

³⁷ Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, U.S.A.

³⁸ Florida International University, Miami, U.S.A.

³⁹ Florida State University, Tallahassee, U.S.A.

⁴⁰ Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, U.S.A.

⁴¹ The University of Iowa, Iowa City, U.S.A.

⁴² The University of Kansas, Lawrence, U.S.A.

⁴³ Kansas State University, Manhattan, U.S.A.

⁴⁴ University of Maryland, College Park, U.S.A.

⁴⁵ Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, U.S.A.

⁴⁶ University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, U.S.A.

⁴⁷ University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, U.S.A.

⁴⁸ Princeton University, Princeton, U.S.A.

⁴⁹ University of Rochester, Rochester, U.S.A.

⁵⁰ Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, U.S.A.

⁵¹ Texas Tech University, Lubbock, U.S.A.

⁵² University of Virginia, Charlottesville, U.S.A.

Dates

Received 26 August 2016
Accepted 19 September 2016
Published 7 October 2016

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Abstract

We present measurements of the reduction of light output by plastic scintillators irradiated in the CMS detector during the 8 TeV run of the Large Hadron Collider and show that they indicate a strong dose rate effect. The damage for a given dose is larger for lower dose rate exposures. The results agree with previous measurements of dose rate effects, but are stronger due to the very low dose rates probed. We show that the scaling with dose rate is consistent with that expected from diffusion effects.

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Dose rate effects in the radiation damage of the plastic scintillators of the CMS hadron endcap calorimeter

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