Francia Timur
Kerajaan Frank Timur Francia timur | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 843–962 | |||||||||||||
 East Francia and its vassal territories after the Treaty of Verdun of 843. | |||||||||||||
| Ibu kota | Various, including Frankfurt and Ratisbon (Regensburg) | ||||||||||||
| Bahasa yang umum digunakan | Old High German Old Low German Old Frisian limited use of Old Franconian and Latin in official and church matters; vassal territories also used Slavic and various other languages | ||||||||||||
| Agama | Catholic Church | ||||||||||||
| Pemerintahan | Monarchy | ||||||||||||
| King of the Franks | |||||||||||||
• 843–876 | Louis the German (first) | ||||||||||||
• 936–962 (title held until his death in 973) | Otto the Great | ||||||||||||
| Era Sejarah | Abad Pertengahan | ||||||||||||
| 843 | |||||||||||||
| 870 | |||||||||||||
• East Francia blends into the Holy Roman Empire upon Otto the Great being crowned Holy Roman Emperor | 962 | ||||||||||||
| Mata uang | Pfennig | ||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
Dalam historiografi abad pertengahan, Francia Timur (Latin: Francia orientalis) atau Kerajaan Frank Timur (regnum Francorum orientalium) adalah bentuk terawal dari Kerajaan Jerman, yang berlangsung dari sekitar tahun 840 sampai sekitar tahun 962.[1] Francia Timur dibentuk dari pembagian Kekaisaran Karoling[2] setelah kematian Kaisar Ludwig yang Saleh, tetapi pembagian timur-barat tersebut "secara perlahan menjadi kerajaan-kerajaan yang terpisah".[3]
Lihat pula
Catatan
- ^ Goldberg 1999, 41: "the east Frankish kingdom [was] a political entity that laid the foundations for the kingdom of Germany".
- ^ Istilah "Francia", tanah Frank, umumnya digunakan untuk merujuk kepada kekaisaran tersebut. Dinasti pemerintahannya adalah Frank, meskipun para penduduknya kebanyakan non-Frank.
- ^ Bradbury 2007, 21: "... division which gradually hardened into the establishment of separate kingdoms, notably East and West Francia, or what we can begin to call Germany and France."
Referensi
- Bernard Bachrach dan David Bachrach. "The Saxon Military Revolution, 912–973: Myth and Reality". Early Medieval Europe 15 (2007), 186–222. DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0254.2007.00203.x
- Bernard Bachrach and David Bachrach. "Early Saxon Frontier Warfare: Henry I, Otto I, and Carolingian Military Institutions". Journal of Medieval Military History 10 (2012), 17–60.
- David Bachrach. "Exercise of Royal Power in Early Medieval Europe: The Case of Otto the Great, 936–973". Early Medieval Europe 17 (2009), 389–419. DOI:10.1111/j.1468-0254.2009.00283.x
- David Bachrach. "The Written Word in Carolingian-Style Fiscal Administration under King Henry I, 919–936". German History 28:4 (2010), 399–423. DOI:10.1093/gerhis/ghq108
- John W. Bernhardt. Itinerant Kingship and Royal Monasteries in Early Medieval Germany, c. 936–1075. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought, 21. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.ISBN 0-521-39489-9 DOI:10.1017/CBO9780511562372
- Jim Bradbury. The Capetians: Kings of France, 987–1328. London: Hambledon Continuum, 2007.
- Eric J. Goldberg. "'More Devoted to the Equipment of Battle Than the Splendor of Banquets': Frontier Kingship, Military Ritual, and Early Knighthood at the Court of Louis the German". Viator 30 (1999), 41–78. DOI:10.1484/J.VIATOR.2.300829
- Timothy Reuter. "The Medieval German Sonderweg? The Empire and its Rulers in the Highe Middle Ages". In Kings nd Kingship in Medieval Europe, ed. Anne J. Duggan (London: 1993), 179–211.
- Susan Reynolds. Kingdoms and Communities in Western Europe, 900–1300. Oxford: Clarendon, 1997.
- Walter Ullmann. The Carolingian Renaissance and the Idea of Kingship. London: Methuen, 1969.