Pahlawan Daud
Para Pahlawan Daud (bahasa Inggris: David's Mighty Warriors atau David's Mighty Men; bahasa Ibrani: הַגִּבֹּרִ֛ים ha-Gibbōrîm) adalah sekelompok orang dalam Alkitab Ibrani (Perjanjian Lama di Alkitab Kristen) yang secara khusus disebutkan dalam suatu daftar lampiran Kitab 2 Samuel berkaitan dengan para pembantu Daud. Teks Alkitab (2 Samuel 23:8–39) membagi mereka ke dalam "Triwira", yang terdiri dari tiga orang, and "Ketiga puluh orang", yang jumlahnya lebih dari tiga puluh. Dalam teks mencatat keseluruhannya ada "37 orang",[1] tetapi tidak jelas apakah ini hanya menghitung "ketiga puluh orang" atau termasuk "triwira". Daftar itu menyebutkan triwira dan ketiga puluh orang sebagai suatu kelompok penting, bukan sekadar nama-nama perwira terkenal.
Daftar lengkap
| Kitab 2 Samuel 23:8–39 | Kitab 1 Tawarikh 11:10–47 | Keterangan |
|---|---|---|
| Isybaal[2][3] orang Hakhmoni | Yasobam bin Hakhmoni | kepala triwira |
| Eleazar ben Dodai the Ahohite | Eleazar bin Dodo[4] the Ahohite | |
| Shammah ben Agee the Hararite | (unnamed) | |
| Abishai ahi Joab ben Zeruiah | Abishai ahi Joab | |
| Benaya bin Yoyada | Benaya bin Yoyada | "bin" adalah kata Ibrani/Arab untuk "putra (dari)" |
| Asael ahi Yoab | Asael ahi Yoab | "ahi" adalah kata Ibrani untuk "saudara laki-laki (dari)" |
| Elhanan bin Dodo of Bethlehem | Elhanan bin Dodo of Bethlehem | |
| Shammah the Harodite[5] | Shammoth the Harorite | |
| Elika the Harodite | — | |
| Helez the Paltite | Helez the Pelonite | |
| Ira ben Ikkesh of Tekoa | Ira ben Ikkesh of Tekoa | |
| Abiezer orang Anatot | Abiezer orang Anatot | |
| Mebunnai[6] the Hushathite | Sibbekai the Hushathite | |
| Zalmon the Ahohite | Ilai the Ahohite | |
| Mahari the Netophathite | Mahari the Netophathite | |
| Heleb[7] ben Baanah the Netophathite | Heled ben Baana the Netophathite | |
| Ithai ben Ribai of Gibeah of Benjamin | Ithai ben Ribai of Gibeah of Benjamin | |
| Benaiah the Pirathonite[8] | Benaiah the Pirathonite | |
| Hiddai[9] of the Ravines of Gaash | Hurai of the Ravines of Gaash | |
| Abi-Albon the Arbathite | Abiel the Arbathite | |
| Azmaveth the Barhumite | Azmaveth the Baharumite | |
| Eliahba the Shaalbonite | Eliahba the Shaalbonite | |
| the sons of Jashen | the sons of Hashem the Gizonite | |
| Jonathan ben[10] Shammah the Hararite[11] | Jonathan ben Shagee[12] the Hararite | |
| Ahiam ben Sharar[13] the Hararite | Ahiam ben Sakar the Hararite | |
| Eliphelet ben Ahasbai the Maakathite | Eliphal ben Ur | |
| Eliam ben Ahithophel the Gilonite | — | |
| — | Hepher the Mekerathite | |
| — | Ahijah the Pelonite | |
| Hezro the Carmelite | Hezro the Carmelite | |
| Paarai the Arbite | Naarai ben Ezbai | |
| Igal ben Nathan of Zobah | Joel ahi Nathan | |
| the son of Haggadi[14][15] | Mibhar ben Hagri | |
| Zelek the Ammonite | Zelek the Ammonite | |
| Naharai the Beerothite | Naharai the Berothite | |
| Ira the Ithrite | Ira the Ithrite | |
| Gareb the Ithrite | Gareb the Ithrite | |
| Uriah the Hittite | Uriah the Hittite | |
| — | Zabad ben Ahlai | |
| — | Adina ben Shiza the Reubenite | |
| — | Hanan ben Maakah | |
| — | Joshaphat the Mithnite | |
| — | Uzzia the Ashterathite | |
| — | Shama ben Hotham the Aroerite | |
| — | Jeiel ben Hotham the Aroerite | |
| — | Jedieael ben Shimri | |
| — | Joha the Tizite | |
| — | Eliel the Mahavite | |
| — | Jeribai ben Elnaam | |
| — | Joshaviah ben Elnaam | |
| — | Ithma the Moabite | |
| — | Eliel[16] | |
| — | Obed | |
| — | Jaasiel the Mezobaite |
Benaya
Benaya bin Yoyada secara khusus dicatat sebagai seorang "yang gagah perkasa, yang besar jasanya" yang tergolong ke dalam "ketiga puluh orang". Di antara ketiga puluh orang itu ia paling dihormati, tetapi dikatakan bahwa ia tidak dapat menyamai "triwira", meskipun Daud mengangkat dia mengepalai pengawalnya.[17].
Lihat pula
Referensi
- ^ 2 Samuel 23:39
- ^ Teks Masoret bahasa Ibrani memuat "Yosheb-Basshebeth." A later anti-polytheistic scribe edited the book of Samuel and removed all instances of בַעַל, the god "Baal," in proper names with בֹ֖שֶׁת "shame" (bandingkan 2 Samuel 11:21 dan Hakim–hakim 7:1). This explains why some Septuagint manuscripts read "Ishbosheth." After this edit, the text suffered further corruption into "Josheb-Basshebeth." Emanuel Tov. Textual Criticism of the Hebrew Bible: Third Edition, Revised and Expanded. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2012. 247–248.
- ^ The Teks Masoret dan sejumlah naskah Septuaginta nampaknya memuat bahwa Josheb-Basshebeth juga disebut "Adino the Eznite." Bacaan tersebut merupakan akibat kesalahan penyalinan teks, sebagaimana "Josheb-Basshebeth." BHS purports with 2 medieval manuscripts, various Septuagint manuscripts, 2 Sam 23:18 and 1 Chron 11:11 the reading "and he raised his spear" instead, which removes the problems of awkward syntax and having four men in the three.
- ^ Ada naskah yang memuat "Dodai".
- ^ It is not clear whether this is the same as "Shammah ben Agee the Hararite", one of the Three.
- ^ Some Septuagint manuscripts have "Sibbekai".
- ^ Some Hebrew manuscripts and the Vulgate have "Heled"
- ^ It is not clear whether this is the same as "Benaiah ben Jehoiada".
- ^ Some Septuagint manuscripts have "Hurai"
- ^ The Hebrew manuscripts and most Septuagint manuscripts do not have ben ("son of").
- ^ Presumably the same as "Shammah ben Agee the Hararite", one of the Three.
- ^ Apparently a contraction or error for "Shammah ben Agee".
- ^ Some Septuagint manuscripts have "Sakar".
- ^ Some Septuagint manuscripts have "Hagri".
- ^ Some Hebrew manuscripts instead read "Bani the Gadite".
- ^ Apparently distinct from "Eliel the Mahavite".
- ^ 2 Samuel 23:23