Lihat sumber Katie Bouman

{{short description|ilmuwan komputer AS}}
{{Infobox scientist/Wikidata| fetchwikidata=ALL | onlysourced=yes}}
[[Berkas:Black hole - Messier 87.jpg|alt=A blurry photo of a supermassive black hole in M87.|jmpl|Foto lubang hitam yang diambil oleh [[Event Horizon Telescope]] dan dirilis bulan April 2019]]

'''Katherine Louise Bouman''' (lahir 1989) adalah ilmuwan Amerika Serikat dan lektor ilmu komputer di [[Institut Teknologi California]]. Ia meneliti metode komputasional pencitraan dan mengembangkan algoritma untuk mengambil gambar [[lubang hitam]] dengan [[Event Horizon Telescope]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |url=http://news.mit.edu/2016/method-image-black-holes-0606 |title=A method to image black holes |website=MIT News|access-date=April 10, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-47891902|title=The woman behind first black hole image|date=April 11, 2019|publisher=|via=www.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>

Ia dan timnya yang terdiri dari 200 ilmuwan menjadi yang pertama yang berhasil mencitrakan foto lubang hitam, yakni [[lubang hitam supermasif]] yang berada pada galaksi eliptis raksasa bernama [[Messier 87]].<ref>{{cite tweet |user=MIT_CSAIL|number=1116020858282180609|date=2019-04-10|title=Here's the moment when the first black hole image was processed, from the eyes of researcher Katie Bouman.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.eyerys.com/articles/timeline/katie-bouman-created-ai-algorithm-renders-first-true-image-black-hole |title=Katie Bouman Created AI Algorithm That Renders The First True Image Of A Black Hole|website=Eyerys.com|language=en|access-date=April 10, 2019}}</ref>

== Kehidupan awal dan pendidikan ==
Bouman besar di [[West Lafayette, Indiana]] dan lulus dari [[West Lafayette Junior-Senior High School]] pada tahun 2007.<ref name="bangert">{{cite web |last1=Bangert |first1=Dave |title=That first-ever black hole picture? A West Lafayette grad played a big part |url=https://www.jconline.com/story/news/2019/04/10/first-black-hole-picture-west-lafayette-grad-played-big-part/3426430002/ |website=Journal & Courier |accessdate=April 10, 2019 |ref=Lafayette |language=en |date=April 10, 2019}}</ref> Di SMA, ia melakukan penelitian citra bersama dosen-dosen [[Universitas Purdue]].<ref name="bangert /> Ia pertama kali mengenal [[Event Horizon Telescope]] di sekolahnya pada tahun 2007.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://oaklandnewsnow.com/index.php/2019/04/10/about-katie-bouman-creator-of-first-black-hole-image-from-event-horizon-telescope/ |title=About Katie Bouman Creator Of First Black Hole Image From Event Horizon Telescope |last=Abraham |first=Zennie |date=April 10, 2019 |website=Oakland News Now Today {{!}} SF Bay Area Blog |language=en-US |access-date=April 10, 2019 |archive-date=2019-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513100310/https://oaklandnewsnow.com/index.php/2019/04/10/about-katie-bouman-creator-of-first-black-hole-image-from-event-horizon-telescope/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

Bouman belajar [[teknik elektro]] di [[Universitas Michigan]] dan lulus dengan predikat [[summa cum laude]] pada tahun 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://people.csail.mit.edu/klbouman/ |title=Katie Bouman aka Katherine L. Bouman |website=people.csail.mit.edu|access-date=April 10, 2019}}</ref> Ia lulus S2 [[teknik elektro]] dan S3 dari [[Institut Teknologi Massachusetts]]. Bouman adalah anggota [[MIT]] [[Haystack Observatory]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=http://news.mit.edu/2019/mit-haystack-first-image-black-hole-0410 |title=Working together as a “virtual telescope,” observatories around the world produce first direct images of a black hole |website=MIT News|access-date=April 10, 2019}}</ref> Penelitiannya dibantu oleh [[National Science Foundation]] Graduate Fellowship. Tesis S2-nya yang berjudul [http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/84905 ''Estimating Material Properties of Fabric through the Observation of Motion''] dianugerahi Ernst Guillemin Award dalam kategori tesis magister terbaik.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.eecs.mit.edu/news-events/announcements/eecs-celebrates-fall-2014-awards|title=EECS Celebrates - Fall 2014 Awards {{!}} MIT EECS|website=www.eecs.mit.edu|access-date=April 10, 2019|archive-date=2019-05-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513083023/https://www.eecs.mit.edu/news-events/announcements/eecs-celebrates-fall-2014-awards|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Bouman bergabung dengan tim pencitraan Event Horizon Telescope [[Universitas Harvard]] sebagai anggota pascadoktoral.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://bhi.fas.harvard.edu/people/katie-bouman |title=Katie Bouman |website=bhi.fas.harvard.edu |language=en |access-date=April 10, 2019 |archive-date=2019-04-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410193908/https://bhi.fas.harvard.edu/people/katie-bouman |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=https://scien.stanford.edu/index.php/professor-katie-bouman-caltech-imaging-a-black-hole-with-the-event-horizon-telescope/ |title=Professor Katie Bouman (Caltech): ” Imaging a Black Hole with the Event Horizon Telescope” |language=en-US |access-date=April 10, 2019 |archive-date=2019-04-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190410171710/https://scien.stanford.edu/index.php/professor-katie-bouman-caltech-imaging-a-black-hole-with-the-event-horizon-telescope/ |dead-url=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/science-environment-38992866/project-bids-to-make-black-hole-movies |title=Project bids to make black hole movies |website=BBC News |language=en-GB|access-date=April 10, 2019}}</ref> Pada 2016, Bouman menyampaikan kuliah [[TEDx]] bertajuk "How to Take a Picture of a Black Hole". Ia menjelaskan algoritma-algoritma yang akan digunakan oleh proyeknya.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ted.com/speakers/katie_bouman |title=Katie Bouman {{!}} Speaker {{!}} TED|last=Bouman|first=Katie|website=www.ted.com|language=en|access-date=April 10, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Chappel |first=Bill |date=April 10, 2019 |title=Earth Sees First Image Of A Black Hole |url=https://www.npr.org/2019/04/10/711723383/watch-earth-gets-its-first-look-at-a-black-hole |publisher=[[NPR]] |accessdate=April 10, 2019}}</ref> Ia lulus S3 teknik elektro dan ilmu komputer dari [[MIT]] pada tahun 2017.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://people.csail.mit.edu/klbouman/|title=Katie Bouman aka Katherine L. Bouman|website=people.csail.mit.edu|access-date=2019-04-11}}</ref> Tesis Ph.D.-nya berjudul [http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/113998 ''Extreme imaging via physical model inversion: seeing around corners and imaging black holes''].

== Penelitian dan karier ==
Bouman mengembangkan algoritma bernama ''Continuous High-resolution Image Reconstruction using Patch priors'' yang disingkat CHIRP.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.npr.org/2019/04/10/711723383/watch-earth-gets-its-first-look-at-a-black-hole |title=Earth Sees First Image Of A Black Hole |website=NPR.org |language=en|access-date=April 10, 2019}}</ref> Algoritma ini dipakai untuk mencitrakan lubang hitam supermasif di dalam inti galaksi [[Messier 87]].

Di MIT, Bouman membuat algoritma untuk menghasilkan gambar [[lubang hitam]] pertama yang dirilis bulan April 2019.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/04/10/us/katie-bouman-mit-black-hole-algorithm-sci-trnd/index.html |title=That image of a black hole you saw everywhere today? Thank this grad student for making it possible |last=Lou |first=Michelle |last2=Ahmed |first2=Saeed |date=April 10, 2019 |website=CNN|access-date=April 10, 2019}}</ref> Algoritma tersebut memberi bantuan komputasional untuk mendalami [[relativitas umum]] dalam medan gravitasi kuat.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |url=http://cms.caltech.edu/people/klbouman |title=Caltech Computing + Mathematical Sciences {{!}} Katherine L. Bouman|website=cms.caltech.edu|access-date=April 10, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/black-hole-picture-captured-by-scientists-for-first-time-gvkngm6dg |title=First image of black hole revealed |last=Science Editor |first=Tom Whipple |date=April 10, 2019 |work=The Times|access-date=April 10, 2019 |language=en |issn=0140-0460}}</ref> Algoritma pembelajaran mesin ini mengisi kekosongan data dari berbagai teleskop di seluruh dunia.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2019/04/first-picture-black-hole-revealed-m87-event-horizon-telescope-astrophysics/ |title=First-ever picture of a black hole unveiled |date=April 10, 2019 |website=Science & Innovation|access-date=April 10, 2019}}</ref> Bouman memandu tim untuk "memeriksa keabsahan gambar dan menyeleksi parameter citra" Event Horizon Telescope.<ref name=":4" />

Bouman bergabung sebagai lektor di [[Institut Teknologi California]] pada tahun 2019. Ia sedang mengerjakan sistem baru untuk pencitraan komputasional.<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ee.columbia.edu/imaging-invisible |title=Imaging the Invisible |website=www.ee.columbia.edu |language=en |access-date=April 10, 2019 |archive-date=2019-05-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513062510/http://www.ee.columbia.edu/imaging-invisible |dead-url=yes }}</ref>

== Referensi ==
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== Pranala luar ==
* {{Google Scholar id|7lhbMtgAAAAJ}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bouman, Katie}}
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