Pertempuran Musa Qala: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Pertempuran Musa Qala''' (dieja juga sebagai '''Qaleh''' atau '''Qal'eh''')<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2007-12-27|title=Musa Qal'eh, Afghanistan Page|date=September 2007|publisher=Falling Rain Genomics |url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/AF/10/Musa_Qaleh.html}}</ref> adalah aksi militer pimpinan Britania Raya di [[Provinsi Helmand]], [[Afganistan]] selatan, yang dilancarkan oleh [[Tentara Afganistan|Tentara Nasional Afganistan]] dan [[Pasukan Bantuan Keamanan Internasional]] (ISAF) melawan [[Taliban]] pada 7 Desember 2007.<ref name=Guard>{{cite news|first=Mark |last=Townsend |url=https://www.theguardian.com/afghanistan/story/0,,2224731,00.html |title=Fierce battle rages for Taliban stronghold |access-date=2007-12-09 |date=2007-12-09 |work=[[The Guardian]] |location=London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071210074147/http://www.guardian.co.uk/afghanistan/story/0%2C%2C2224731%2C00.html |archive-date=10 December 2007 |url-status=live }}</ref> Setelah tiga hari pertempuran sengit, Taliban mundur ke pegunungan pada 10 Desember.<ref name=BBCTalibanRetreat/> [[Musa Qala]] secara resmi dilaporkan ditangkap pada 12 Desember, dengan pasukan Angkatan Darat Afghanistan mendorong ke pusat kota.<ref name=MOD12>{{cite web|url=http://www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/DefenceNews/MilitaryOperations/AfghanFlagFliesOverMusaQalehOnceAgain.htm|title=Afghan flag flies over Musa Qaleh once again|access-date=2007-12-09|publisher=[[British Ministry of Defence]]|work=Defence News|date=2007-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071213035816/http://www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/DefenceNews/MilitaryOperations/AfghanFlagFliesOverMusaQalehOnceAgain.htm|archive-date=13 December 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref>

 

 

 

==Latar belakang==

[[Musa Qala]] is a town of around 15,000 to 20,000 people,<ref name=Telegraph12>{{cite news|first=Tom |last=Coghlan |author2=Burleigh, James |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2007/12/09/wafg909.xml |title=Battle for Taliban stronghold intensifies |access-date=2007-12-18 |publisher=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]] |date=2007-12-12 |location=London |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071212212648/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=%2Fnews%2F2007%2F12%2F09%2Fwafg909.xml |archive-date=12 December 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=msnbc/> with another 25,000 in the surrounding area.<ref name=msnbc/> ISAF forces were first deployed in the town in mid-June 2006, as part of the "platoon house" strategy. This consisted of protecting the district centres of Northern Helmand with small detachments of British ISAF troops, at the request of the provincial governor [[Engineer Mohammad Daoud|Mohammed Daoud]]. This move met with an unexpectedly fierce resistance from the Taliban and local tribesmen, who used conventional, rather than [[Asymmetric warfare|asymmetric]] tactics, to drive the coalition from their positions.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200607/cmselect/cmdfence/408/40807.htm |title= UK operations in southern Afghanistan |access-date=2008-01-09 |last=Select Committee on Defense |date=2007-07-18 |work=Thirteenth Report |publisher=[[Parliament of the United Kingdom|United Kingdom Parliament]]}}</ref> The isolated British garrison found itself under siege and constant attack for long periods, and their replacements could only be brought in after a full battle group operation, codenamed Snakebite, broke through Taliban lines in early August.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,25689-2376780,00.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20061028233429/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,25689-2376780,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=28 October 2006 |title= Pathfinders on a four-day mission fight off eight-week Taleban siege|access-date=2008-01-09 |last=Albone |first=Tim |date=2006-09-27 |work=[[The Times]] | location=London}}</ref>

 

* Mullah Matin Akhund (also known as [[Abdul Matin (Taliban leader)|Abdul Matin]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.afgha.com/?q=node/5261 |title=Operation Snake Pit pounds Taliban stronghold |access-date=2008-11-16 |date=2007-12-09 |publisher=Afgha.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071211231136/http://www.afgha.com/?q=node%2F5261 |archive-date=2007-12-11 |url-status=live }} [http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1937104/posts Alt URL]</ref>), Taliban district chief of Musa Qala,<ref name=PAN>{{cite web|title=Rebel commanders seized in Taliban-controlled town |url=http://www.pajhwok.com/en/2007/12/09/rebel-commanders-seized-taliban-controlled-town |publisher=Pajwhok Afghan News |date=2007-12-09 |access-date=2011-02-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110910224454/http://www.pajhwok.com/en/2007/12/09/rebel-commanders-seized-taliban-controlled-town |archive-date=2011-09-10 }}</ref> mistakenly reported captured.<ref name=BBCmistake>{{cite news |title= Mistake over 'captured Taleban'|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/7138568.stm |publisher=[[BBC]] |date= 2007-12-11|access-date=2007-12-24 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071213123713/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/7138568.stm| archive-date= 13 December 2007 | url-status= live}}</ref>

* Mullah Rahim Akhund, Taliban governor of Helmand province,<ref name=PAN/> mistakenly reported captured.<ref name=BBCmistake/>

==Referensi==

{{Reflist|30em}}