Perokok pasif: Perbedaan antara revisi

[[Berkas:Smoke-by-a-window-in-a-pub.jpg|thumbjmpl|rightka|200px|Asap tembakau di tempat publik sebelum larangan merokok mulai diberlakukan pada 29 Maret 2004 di Irlandia]]

'''Perokok pasif''' merupakan seseorang yang menghirup asap rokok dari perokok aktif. Paparan asap rokok dapat menyebabkan penyakit serius hingga kematian.<ref name="sg-report">{{cite web |url = http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/reports/secondhandsmoke/fullreport.pdf |title = The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke: A Report of the Surgeon General |publisher = [[Surgeon General of the United States]] |date = 2006-06-27 |accessdate = 2012-07-24 |archive-date = 2019-02-26 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190226003026/https://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/reports/secondhandsmoke/fullreport.pdf |dead-url = yes }}</ref><ref name=IARC2004>{{harvnb|IARC|2004}} [http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol83/index.php "There is sufficient evidence that involuntary smoking (exposure to secondhand or 'environmental' tobacco smoke) causes lung cancer in humans"]</ref> Dampak dari asap rokok menjadi pembahasan serius oleh para ilmuwan.<ref name="kessler">{{harvnb|Kessler|2006}}</ref><ref name=Circ07>{{cite journal|last=Tong|first=EK|author2=Glantz, SA|title=Tobacco industry efforts undermining evidence linking secondhand smoke with cardiovascular disease|journal=Circulation|date=2007-10-16|volume=116|issue=16|pages=1845–54|pmid=17938301|doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.715888}}</ref><ref name=Samet008>{{cite journal |author=Samet JM |title=Secondhand smoke: facts and lies |journal=Salud Pública De México |volume=50 |issue=5 |pages=428–34 |year=2008 |pmid=18852940 |doi= 10.1590/S0036-36342008000500016|url=http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0036-36342008000500016&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en}}</ref> Menanggapi bahaya dari asap rokok; maka dibuatlah aturan mengenai [[larangan merokok]] di berbagai tempat seperti restoran, tempat kerja, hingga ruang publik.<ref>{{Cite web|title = CDC - Fact Sheet - Smoke-Free Policies Reduce Smoking - Smoking & Tobacco Use|url = http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/secondhand_smoke/protection/reduce_smoking/|website = Smoking and Tobacco Use|accessdate = 2015-04-24}}</ref>

Sejak awal tahun 1970-an, [[industri tembakau]] melihat kekhawatiran publik atas perokok pasif sebagai ancaman serius terhadap perkembangan bisnis tembakau.<ref name="smoke-screen">{{cite web |url = http://dev.ersnet.org/uploads/Document/ab/WEB_CHEMIN_1092_1166196139.pdf |title = Lifting the smokescreen: Tobacco industry strategy to defeat smoke free policies and legislation |publisher = European Respiratory Society and Institut National du Cancer |vauthors = Diethelm P, McKee M |archiveurl =http https://web.archive.org/web/20160303215802/http://dev.ersnet.org/uploads/Document/ab/WEB_CHEMIN_1092_1166196139.pdf |archivedate =3 Maret 2016-03-03 |date = Februari 2006 |accessdate = 2009-01-17 |dead-url = no }}</ref> Meskipun industri tembakau sudah mulai peduli terhadap kasus perokok pasif pada tahun 1980-an, tetapi industri tembakau memberikan hasil penelitian secara bias kepada masyarakat dengan tujuan untuk dapat mempertahankan bisnisnya.<ref name="kessler"/>{{rp|1242}}<ref name=Circ07 />

* [[Kanker]]:<ref name=IARC2004/><ref>{{harvnb|Surgeon General|2006|pp=30–46}}</ref><ref name=IARC2004/>

** [[Kanker payudara]]<ref name="calepa2005" IARC2004/><ref name=IARC2004"calepa2005" /><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Macacu|first1=A|last2=Autier|first2=P|last3=Boniol|first3=M|last4=Boyle|first4=P|title=Active and passive smoking and risk of breast cancer: a meta-analysis |journal=Breast Cancer Research and Treatment|date=November 2015|volume=154|issue=2|pages=213–24|doi=10.1007/s10549-015-3628-4|pmid=26546245}}</ref>

** Dalam tubuh perokok pasif, [[nikotin]] akan terkonsentrasi tiga kali lipat dibandingkan dalam tubuh perokok aktif.

** Merupakan gas berbahaya yang dapat menurunkan kadar [[oksigen]] dalam tubuh. Pengikatan oksigen oleh [[karbon monoksida]] inilah yang kemudian memicu terjadinya penyakit jantung.

* [http://kosmo.vivanews.com/news/read/69076-bahaya_perokok_pasif_3_kali_perokok_aktif VIVAnews - Bahaya Perokok Pasif 3 Kali Perokok Aktif] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100906111046/http://kosmo.vivanews.com/news/read/69076-bahaya_perokok_pasif_3_kali_perokok_aktif |date=2010-09-06 }}

[[Kategori:TembakauMerokok]]