Harshen Berom
Berom ko Birom ( Cèn Bèrom ) shi ne yaren Plateau da aka fi amfani da shi a Nigeria. Harshen yana da mahimmanci a gargajiyance mutanen Birom na amfani da harshen manya da yara a birane da ƙauyuka. Koyaya, mutanen Berom suna komawa zuwa kasashen Hausa dage birane. Kimanin mutane miliyan 1 (a shekarar 2010) suke magana da wannan yaren.[2]
| Harshen Berom | |
|---|---|
| Lamban rijistar harshe | |
| ISO 639-3 |
bom |
| Glottolog |
bero1242[1] |
Ana magana da Berom a wani yanki da ke kudu da garin Jos a jihar Filato, Najeriya. [3]
Tarihi
gyara sasheAl'adun Berom suna da dangantaka da al'adun Nok, wayewar da ta kasance tsakanin 200BC (bayan zuwan yesu) zuwa 1000AD (bayan rasuwar yesu). An gano cewa, mafi akasarin mutanen Birom na zaune ne a cikin garin Jos Plateau da ƙananan yankuna na jihar Kaduna. [4]
Yaruka
gyara sasheƘungyoyin yaren Berom su ne: [3]
- Gyel – Kuru – Vwang
- Du – Foron
- Fan – Ropp – Rim – Riyom – Heikpang
- Bachit
- Gashish
- Rahoss-Tahoss
Fasaha
gyara sasheBakandamiya
gyara sasheBerom ta Gabas ta ƙunshi sautunan sauti baƙi ashirin da huɗu: [5]
| Labial | Labio- </br> hakori |
Alveolar | Palato- </br> Alveolar |
Palatal | Velar | Labio- </br> velar |
Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kusa | shafi | td | kg | kp gb | ||||
| Fricative | fv | sz | ʃ | h | ||||
| Ricarfafa | (ts) | tʃ dʒ | ||||||
| Hanci | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||||
| Kaikaice | l | |||||||
| Rhotic | r | |||||||
| Mai kusanci | j | w |
A Berom, ana samun masu kusantowa a matsayi na ƙarshe, misali- orthographic rou is / ròw / and vei is / vèj /.
/ ts / yana faruwa a cikin yaren Foron.
Wasula
gyara sasheWannan harshe ya ƙunshi sautin wasula bakwai:
| Gaba | Tsakiya | Baya | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Babban | i | u | |
| Tsakanin-High | e | o | |
| Tsaka-Tsaka | ɛ | ɔ | |
| .Asa | a |
Berom ya ƙunshi nau'ikan sautuka guda uku da sautuka huɗu (Bouquiaux 1970). Ana ɗaukar sautunan motsa jiki a nan a zaman sautuna masu tashi da sauka. Sautunan sune kamar haka:
/ tút / = (hawa) don sauti mai ƙarfi
/ sh ɛ l / = (karami) Babu alamar alamar sautin da aka nuna don Sautin Mid.
/ bàsa / = (don koyarwa, karantawa,) don sautin ƙasa
/ nepâs / = (sabo) don sautin faɗuwa
/ sǎn / = (komai) don sautin tashi
Tsarin al'ada
gyara sashea, b, c, d, e, ɛ, f, g, gb, h, i, j, k, kp, l, m, n, ng, o, ɔ, p, r, s, sh, t, ts, u, v, w, y, z
Hanyoyin haɗin waje
gyara sasheManazarta
gyara sashe- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Harshen Berom". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Blench, Roger (2019). An Atlas of Nigerian Languages (4th ed.). Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Blench, Roger. 2021.
- ↑ Bouquiaux, L. 1970.
- ↑ Blench, Roger M. 2006c.