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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Swiss Roll reduction with LLE</a></li>
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<div class="section" id="swiss-roll-reduction-with-lle">
<span id="example-manifold-plot-swissroll-py"></span><h1>Swiss Roll reduction with LLE<a class="headerlink" href="#swiss-roll-reduction-with-lle" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>An illustration of Swiss Roll reduction
with locally linear embedding</p>
<img alt="../../_images/plot_swissroll_001.png" class="align-center" src="../../_images/plot_swissroll_001.png" />
<p><strong>Script output</strong>:</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>Computing LLE embedding
Done. Reconstruction error: 9.98055e-08
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>Python source code:</strong> <a class="reference download internal" href="../../_downloads/plot_swissroll.py"><code class="xref download docutils literal"><span class="pre">plot_swissroll.py</span></code></a></p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>
<span class="c1"># Author: Fabian Pedregosa -- <[email protected]></span>
<span class="c1"># License: BSD 3 clause (C) INRIA 2011</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">__doc__</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib.pyplot</span> <span class="kn">as</span> <span class="nn">plt</span>
<span class="c1"># This import is needed to modify the way figure behaves</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">mpl_toolkits.mplot3d</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Axes3D</span>
<span class="n">Axes3D</span>
<span class="c1">#----------------------------------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="c1"># Locally linear embedding of the swiss roll</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">sklearn</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">manifold</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">datasets</span>
<span class="n">X</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">color</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">datasets</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">samples_generator</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">make_swiss_roll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n_samples</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1500</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Computing LLE embedding"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">X_r</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">err</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../modules/generated/sklearn.manifold.locally_linear_embedding.html#sklearn.manifold.locally_linear_embedding"><span class="n">manifold</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">locally_linear_embedding</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">X</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">n_neighbors</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">n_components</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Done. Reconstruction error: </span><span class="si">%g</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">err</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1">#----------------------------------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="c1"># Plot result</span>
<span class="n">fig</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="http://matplotlib.org/api/figure_api.html#matplotlib.figure"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c1"># compatibility matplotlib < 1.0</span>
<span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">211</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">projection</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'3d'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">scatter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">X</span><span class="p">[:,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">X</span><span class="p">[:,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">X</span><span class="p">[:,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">color</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cmap</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cm</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Spectral</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">except</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">211</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">scatter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">X</span><span class="p">[:,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">X</span><span class="p">[:,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">color</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cmap</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cm</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Spectral</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_title</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Original data"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">212</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">scatter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">X_r</span><span class="p">[:,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">X_r</span><span class="p">[:,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">color</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">cmap</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cm</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Spectral</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="http://matplotlib.org/api/axis_api.html#matplotlib.axis"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">axis</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'tight'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="http://matplotlib.org/api/pyplot_api.html#matplotlib.pyplot.xticks"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">xticks</span></a><span class="p">([]),</span> <a href="http://matplotlib.org/api/pyplot_api.html#matplotlib.pyplot.yticks"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">yticks</span></a><span class="p">([])</span>
<a href="http://matplotlib.org/api/pyplot_api.html#matplotlib.pyplot.title"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">title</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Projected data'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="http://matplotlib.org/api/pyplot_api.html#matplotlib.pyplot.show"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">show</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><strong>Total running time of the example:</strong> 0.49 seconds
( 0 minutes 0.49 seconds)</p>
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