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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Notes</span></p>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../notes/autograd.html">Autograd mechanics</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../notes/autograd.html#excluding-subgraphs-from-backward">Excluding subgraphs from backward</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../notes/autograd.html#requires-grad"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">requires_grad</span></code></a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../notes/autograd.html#how-autograd-encodes-the-history">How autograd encodes the history</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../notes/cuda.html#use-pinned-memory-buffers">Use pinned memory buffers</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../notes/serialization.html">Serialization semantics</a><ul>
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<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">Package Reference</span></p>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../torch.html">torch</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#prelu"><span class="hidden-section">PReLU</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#leakyrelu"><span class="hidden-section">LeakyReLU</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#threshold"><span class="hidden-section">Threshold</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#hardtanh"><span class="hidden-section">Hardtanh</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#sigmoid"><span class="hidden-section">Sigmoid</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#tanh"><span class="hidden-section">Tanh</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#logsigmoid"><span class="hidden-section">LogSigmoid</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#softplus"><span class="hidden-section">Softplus</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#softshrink"><span class="hidden-section">Softshrink</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#softsign"><span class="hidden-section">Softsign</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#tanhshrink"><span class="hidden-section">Tanhshrink</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#softmin"><span class="hidden-section">Softmin</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#softmax"><span class="hidden-section">Softmax</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#logsoftmax"><span class="hidden-section">LogSoftmax</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#normalization-layers">Normalization layers</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#batchnorm1d"><span class="hidden-section">BatchNorm1d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#batchnorm2d"><span class="hidden-section">BatchNorm2d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#batchnorm3d"><span class="hidden-section">BatchNorm3d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#instancenorm1d"><span class="hidden-section">InstanceNorm1d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#instancenorm2d"><span class="hidden-section">InstanceNorm2d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#instancenorm3d"><span class="hidden-section">InstanceNorm3d</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#recurrent-layers">Recurrent layers</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#rnn"><span class="hidden-section">RNN</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#lstm"><span class="hidden-section">LSTM</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#gru"><span class="hidden-section">GRU</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#rnncell"><span class="hidden-section">RNNCell</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#lstmcell"><span class="hidden-section">LSTMCell</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#grucell"><span class="hidden-section">GRUCell</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#linear-layers">Linear layers</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#linear"><span class="hidden-section">Linear</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#dropout-layers">Dropout layers</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#dropout"><span class="hidden-section">Dropout</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#dropout2d"><span class="hidden-section">Dropout2d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#dropout3d"><span class="hidden-section">Dropout3d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#alphadropout"><span class="hidden-section">AlphaDropout</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#sparse-layers">Sparse layers</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#embedding"><span class="hidden-section">Embedding</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#embeddingbag"><span class="hidden-section">EmbeddingBag</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#distance-functions">Distance functions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#cosinesimilarity"><span class="hidden-section">CosineSimilarity</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#pairwisedistance"><span class="hidden-section">PairwiseDistance</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#loss-functions">Loss functions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#l1loss"><span class="hidden-section">L1Loss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#mseloss"><span class="hidden-section">MSELoss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#crossentropyloss"><span class="hidden-section">CrossEntropyLoss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#nllloss"><span class="hidden-section">NLLLoss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#poissonnllloss"><span class="hidden-section">PoissonNLLLoss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#nllloss2d"><span class="hidden-section">NLLLoss2d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#kldivloss"><span class="hidden-section">KLDivLoss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#bceloss"><span class="hidden-section">BCELoss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#bcewithlogitsloss"><span class="hidden-section">BCEWithLogitsLoss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#marginrankingloss"><span class="hidden-section">MarginRankingLoss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#hingeembeddingloss"><span class="hidden-section">HingeEmbeddingLoss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#multilabelmarginloss"><span class="hidden-section">MultiLabelMarginLoss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#smoothl1loss"><span class="hidden-section">SmoothL1Loss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#softmarginloss"><span class="hidden-section">SoftMarginLoss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#multilabelsoftmarginloss"><span class="hidden-section">MultiLabelSoftMarginLoss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#cosineembeddingloss"><span class="hidden-section">CosineEmbeddingLoss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#multimarginloss"><span class="hidden-section">MultiMarginLoss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#tripletmarginloss"><span class="hidden-section">TripletMarginLoss</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#vision-layers">Vision layers</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#pixelshuffle"><span class="hidden-section">PixelShuffle</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#upsample"><span class="hidden-section">Upsample</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#upsamplingnearest2d"><span class="hidden-section">UpsamplingNearest2d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#upsamplingbilinear2d"><span class="hidden-section">UpsamplingBilinear2d</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#dataparallel-layers-multi-gpu-distributed">DataParallel layers (multi-GPU, distributed)</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#dataparallel"><span class="hidden-section">DataParallel</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#distributeddataparallel"><span class="hidden-section">DistributedDataParallel</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#utilities">Utilities</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#clip-grad-norm"><span class="hidden-section">clip_grad_norm</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#weight-norm"><span class="hidden-section">weight_norm</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#remove-weight-norm"><span class="hidden-section">remove_weight_norm</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#packedsequence"><span class="hidden-section">PackedSequence</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#pack-padded-sequence"><span class="hidden-section">pack_padded_sequence</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#pad-packed-sequence"><span class="hidden-section">pad_packed_sequence</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#torch-nn-functional">torch.nn.functional</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#convolution-functions">Convolution functions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id16"><span class="hidden-section">conv1d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id17"><span class="hidden-section">conv2d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id18"><span class="hidden-section">conv3d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#conv-transpose1d"><span class="hidden-section">conv_transpose1d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#conv-transpose2d"><span class="hidden-section">conv_transpose2d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#conv-transpose3d"><span class="hidden-section">conv_transpose3d</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#pooling-functions">Pooling functions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#avg-pool1d"><span class="hidden-section">avg_pool1d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#avg-pool2d"><span class="hidden-section">avg_pool2d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#avg-pool3d"><span class="hidden-section">avg_pool3d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#max-pool1d"><span class="hidden-section">max_pool1d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#max-pool2d"><span class="hidden-section">max_pool2d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#max-pool3d"><span class="hidden-section">max_pool3d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#max-unpool1d"><span class="hidden-section">max_unpool1d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#max-unpool2d"><span class="hidden-section">max_unpool2d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#max-unpool3d"><span class="hidden-section">max_unpool3d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#lp-pool2d"><span class="hidden-section">lp_pool2d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#adaptive-max-pool1d"><span class="hidden-section">adaptive_max_pool1d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#adaptive-max-pool2d"><span class="hidden-section">adaptive_max_pool2d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#adaptive-avg-pool1d"><span class="hidden-section">adaptive_avg_pool1d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#adaptive-avg-pool2d"><span class="hidden-section">adaptive_avg_pool2d</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#non-linear-activation-functions">Non-linear activation functions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id19"><span class="hidden-section">threshold</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id20"><span class="hidden-section">relu</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id21"><span class="hidden-section">hardtanh</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id22"><span class="hidden-section">relu6</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id23"><span class="hidden-section">elu</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id24"><span class="hidden-section">selu</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#leaky-relu"><span class="hidden-section">leaky_relu</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id25"><span class="hidden-section">prelu</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#rrelu"><span class="hidden-section">rrelu</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id26"><span class="hidden-section">logsigmoid</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#hardshrink"><span class="hidden-section">hardshrink</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id27"><span class="hidden-section">tanhshrink</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id28"><span class="hidden-section">softsign</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id29"><span class="hidden-section">softplus</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id30"><span class="hidden-section">softmin</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id31"><span class="hidden-section">softmax</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id32"><span class="hidden-section">softshrink</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#log-softmax"><span class="hidden-section">log_softmax</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id33"><span class="hidden-section">tanh</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id34"><span class="hidden-section">sigmoid</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#normalization-functions">Normalization functions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#batch-norm"><span class="hidden-section">batch_norm</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#normalize"><span class="hidden-section">normalize</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#linear-functions">Linear functions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id35"><span class="hidden-section">linear</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#dropout-functions">Dropout functions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id36"><span class="hidden-section">dropout</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#alpha-dropout"><span class="hidden-section">alpha_dropout</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id37"><span class="hidden-section">dropout2d</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id38"><span class="hidden-section">dropout3d</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id39">Distance functions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#pairwise-distance"><span class="hidden-section">pairwise_distance</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#cosine-similarity"><span class="hidden-section">cosine_similarity</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id40">Loss functions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#binary-cross-entropy"><span class="hidden-section">binary_cross_entropy</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#poisson-nll-loss"><span class="hidden-section">poisson_nll_loss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#cosine-embedding-loss"><span class="hidden-section">cosine_embedding_loss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#cross-entropy"><span class="hidden-section">cross_entropy</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#hinge-embedding-loss"><span class="hidden-section">hinge_embedding_loss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#kl-div"><span class="hidden-section">kl_div</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#l1-loss"><span class="hidden-section">l1_loss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#mse-loss"><span class="hidden-section">mse_loss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#margin-ranking-loss"><span class="hidden-section">margin_ranking_loss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#multilabel-margin-loss"><span class="hidden-section">multilabel_margin_loss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#multilabel-soft-margin-loss"><span class="hidden-section">multilabel_soft_margin_loss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#multi-margin-loss"><span class="hidden-section">multi_margin_loss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#nll-loss"><span class="hidden-section">nll_loss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#binary-cross-entropy-with-logits"><span class="hidden-section">binary_cross_entropy_with_logits</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#smooth-l1-loss"><span class="hidden-section">smooth_l1_loss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#soft-margin-loss"><span class="hidden-section">soft_margin_loss</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#triplet-margin-loss"><span class="hidden-section">triplet_margin_loss</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#vision-functions">Vision functions</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#pixel-shuffle"><span class="hidden-section">pixel_shuffle</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#pad"><span class="hidden-section">pad</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#id42"><span class="hidden-section">upsample</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#upsample-nearest"><span class="hidden-section">upsample_nearest</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#upsample-bilinear"><span class="hidden-section">upsample_bilinear</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#grid-sample"><span class="hidden-section">grid_sample</span></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#affine-grid"><span class="hidden-section">affine_grid</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../nn.html#torch-nn-init">torch.nn.init</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../optim.html">torch.optim</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../optim.html#how-to-use-an-optimizer">How to use an optimizer</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../optim.html#constructing-it">Constructing it</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../optim.html#per-parameter-options">Per-parameter options</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="../../optim.html#taking-an-optimization-step">Taking an optimization step</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../optim.html#optimizer-step"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">optimizer.step()</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="../../optim.html#optimizer-step-closure"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">optimizer.step(closure)</span></code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../optim.html#algorithms">Algorithms</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../optim.html#how-to-adjust-learning-rate">How to adjust Learning Rate</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../autograd.html">torch.autograd</a><ul>
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<h1>Source code for torch.serialization</h1><div class="highlight"><pre>
<span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">difflib</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">inspect</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">os</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">shutil</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">struct</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">sys</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">torch</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">tarfile</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">tempfile</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">warnings</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">contextlib</span> <span class="k">import</span> <span class="n">closing</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">contextmanager</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">._utils</span> <span class="k">import</span> <span class="n">_import_dotted_name</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">sys</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">version_info</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">cPickle</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">pickle</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pickle</span>
<span class="n">DEFAULT_PROTOCOL</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="n">LONG_SIZE</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">struct</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Struct</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'=l'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span>
<span class="n">INT_SIZE</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">struct</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Struct</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'=i'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span>
<span class="n">SHORT_SIZE</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">struct</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Struct</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'=h'</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span>
<span class="n">MAGIC_NUMBER</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mh">0x1950a86a20f9469cfc6c</span>
<span class="n">PROTOCOL_VERSION</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1001</span>
<span class="n">STORAGE_KEY_SEPARATOR</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">','</span>
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">SourceChangeWarning</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="ne">Warning</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">pass</span>
<span class="nd">@contextmanager</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">mkdtemp</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="n">path</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tempfile</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mkdtemp</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">yield</span> <span class="n">path</span>
<span class="n">shutil</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rmtree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">_package_registry</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">register_package</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">priority</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tagger</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">deserializer</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">queue_elem</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">priority</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tagger</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">deserializer</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">_package_registry</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">queue_elem</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">_package_registry</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sort</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">_cpu_tag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="vm">__module__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'torch'</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="s1">'cpu'</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">_cuda_tag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="vm">__module__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'torch.cuda'</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="s1">'cuda:'</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_device</span><span class="p">())</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">_cpu_deserialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">location</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">location</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'cpu'</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">obj</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">_cuda_deserialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">location</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">location</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">startswith</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'cuda'</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">device_id</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">location</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">:]),</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">obj</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cuda</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">device_id</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">register_package</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_cpu_tag</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_cpu_deserialize</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">register_package</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_cuda_tag</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_cuda_deserialize</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">location_tag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">storage</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">tagger</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">_package_registry</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">location</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tagger</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">storage</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">location</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">location</span>
<span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">RuntimeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"don't know how to determine data location of "</span> <span class="o">+</span>
<span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">typename</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">storage</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">default_restore_location</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">storage</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">location</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">fn</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">_package_registry</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">storage</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">location</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">result</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">result</span>
<span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">RuntimeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"don't know how to restore data location of "</span> <span class="o">+</span>
<span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">typename</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">storage</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">" (tagged with "</span> <span class="o">+</span>
<span class="n">location</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">")"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">normalize_storage_type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">storage_type</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">getattr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">torch</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">storage_type</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="vm">__name__</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">storage_to_tensor_type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">storage</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">storage_type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">storage</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">module</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">_import_dotted_name</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">storage_type</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="vm">__module__</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">getattr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">module</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">storage_type</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="vm">__name__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">replace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Storage'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'Tensor'</span><span class="p">))</span>
<div class="viewcode-block" id="save"><a class="viewcode-back" href="../../torch.html#torch.save">[docs]</a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">save</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">pickle</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pickle_protocol</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">DEFAULT_PROTOCOL</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""Saves an object to a disk file.</span>
<span class="sd"> See also: :ref:`recommend-saving-models`</span>
<span class="sd"> Args:</span>
<span class="sd"> obj: saved object</span>
<span class="sd"> f: a file-like object (has to implement fileno that returns a file descriptor)</span>
<span class="sd"> or a string containing a file name</span>
<span class="sd"> pickle_module: module used for pickling metadata and objects</span>
<span class="sd"> pickle_protocol: can be specified to override the default protocol</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="n">new_fd</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">False</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sys</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">version_info</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">unicode</span><span class="p">)):</span>
<span class="n">new_fd</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
<span class="n">f</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"wb"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">_save</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pickle_protocol</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">finally</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">new_fd</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">f</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span></div>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">_save</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pickle_protocol</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">torch.nn</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">nn</span>
<span class="n">serialized_container_types</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
<span class="n">serialized_storages</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">persistent_id</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="c1"># FIXME: the docs say that persistent_id should only return a string</span>
<span class="c1"># but torch store returns tuples. This works only in the binary protocol</span>
<span class="c1"># see</span>
<span class="c1"># https://docs.python.org/2/library/pickle.html#pickling-and-unpickling-external-objects</span>
<span class="c1"># https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/master/Lib/pickle.py#L527-L537</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">type</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="nb">issubclass</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">nn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Module</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">obj</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">serialized_container_types</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
<span class="n">serialized_container_types</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
<span class="n">source_file</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">source</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
<span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">source_file</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">inspect</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getsourcefile</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">source</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">inspect</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getsource</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">except</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="c1"># saving the source is optional, so we can ignore any errors</span>
<span class="n">warnings</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">warn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Couldn't retrieve source code for container of "</span>
<span class="s2">"type "</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">obj</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="vm">__name__</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">". It won't be checked "</span>
<span class="s2">"for correctness upon loading."</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'module'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">source_file</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">source</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">is_storage</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">storage_type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">normalize_storage_type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">root</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">offset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">obj</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_root_storage</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">root_key</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_cdata</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">location</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">location_tag</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">serialized_storages</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">root_key</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">root</span>
<span class="n">is_view</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">obj</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_cdata</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_cdata</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">is_view</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">view_metadata</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_cdata</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">offset</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">obj</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">())</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">view_metadata</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'storage'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">storage_type</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">root_key</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">location</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">root</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">(),</span>
<span class="n">view_metadata</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
<span class="n">sys_info</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="n">protocol_version</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">PROTOCOL_VERSION</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">little_endian</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">sys</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">byteorder</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'little'</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">type_sizes</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="n">short</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">SHORT_SIZE</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="nb">int</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">INT_SIZE</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">long</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">LONG_SIZE</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="p">),</span>
<span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dump</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MAGIC_NUMBER</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">protocol</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">pickle_protocol</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dump</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PROTOCOL_VERSION</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">protocol</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">pickle_protocol</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dump</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sys_info</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">protocol</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">pickle_protocol</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">pickler</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Pickler</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">protocol</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">pickle_protocol</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">pickler</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">persistent_id</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">persistent_id</span>
<span class="n">pickler</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dump</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">serialized_storage_keys</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">sorted</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">serialized_storages</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">keys</span><span class="p">())</span>
<span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dump</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">serialized_storage_keys</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">protocol</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">pickle_protocol</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">f</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">flush</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">serialized_storage_keys</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">serialized_storages</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_write_file</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
<div class="viewcode-block" id="load"><a class="viewcode-back" href="../../torch.html#torch.load">[docs]</a><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">map_location</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">pickle</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""Loads an object saved with :func:`torch.save` from a file.</span>
<span class="sd"> torch.load can dynamically remap storages to be loaded on a different device</span>
<span class="sd"> using the map_location argument. If it's a callable, it will be called with</span>
<span class="sd"> two arguments: storage and location tag. It's expected to either return a</span>
<span class="sd"> storage that's been moved to a different location, or None (and the location</span>
<span class="sd"> will be resolved using the default method). If this argument is a dict it's</span>
<span class="sd"> expected to be a mapping from location tags used in a file, to location</span>
<span class="sd"> tags of the current system.</span>
<span class="sd"> By default the location tags are 'cpu' for host tensors and 'cuda:device_id'</span>
<span class="sd"> (e.g. 'cuda:2') for cuda tensors. User extensions can register their own</span>
<span class="sd"> tagging and deserialization methods using register_package.</span>
<span class="sd"> Args:</span>
<span class="sd"> f: a file-like object (has to implement fileno that returns a file</span>
<span class="sd"> descriptor, and must implement seek), or a string containing a file</span>
<span class="sd"> name</span>
<span class="sd"> map_location: a function or a dict specifying how to remap storage</span>
<span class="sd"> locations</span>
<span class="sd"> pickle_module: module used for unpickling metadata and objects (has to</span>
<span class="sd"> match the pickle_module used to serialize file)</span>
<span class="sd"> Example:</span>
<span class="sd"> >>> torch.load('tensors.pt')</span>
<span class="sd"> # Load all tensors onto the CPU</span>
<span class="sd"> >>> torch.load('tensors.pt', map_location=lambda storage, loc: storage)</span>
<span class="sd"> # Map tensors from GPU 1 to GPU 0</span>
<span class="sd"> >>> torch.load('tensors.pt', map_location={'cuda:1':'cuda:0'})</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="n">new_fd</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">False</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sys</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">version_info</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">unicode</span><span class="p">)):</span>
<span class="n">new_fd</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
<span class="n">f</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'rb'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">_load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">map_location</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">finally</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">new_fd</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">f</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span></div>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">_load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">map_location</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">deserialized_objects</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">map_location</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">restore_location</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">default_restore_location</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">map_location</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">dict</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">restore_location</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">storage</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">location</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">location</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">map_location</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">location</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">location</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">default_restore_location</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">storage</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">location</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">restore_location</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">storage</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">location</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">map_location</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">storage</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">location</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">result</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">default_restore_location</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">storage</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">location</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">result</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">_check_container_source</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">container_type</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">source_file</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">original_source</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">current_source</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">inspect</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getsource</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">container_type</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">original_source</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">current_source</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">container_type</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dump_patches</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">file_name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">container_type</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="vm">__name__</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s1">'.patch'</span>
<span class="n">diff</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">difflib</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">unified_diff</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">current_source</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">original_source</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="p">),</span>
<span class="n">source_file</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">source_file</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">lineterm</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">""</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">lines</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">'</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s1">'</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">diff</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">file_name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'a+'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">file_size</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">seek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">f</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">seek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">file_size</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">f</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">write</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lines</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">file_size</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lines</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="ow">or</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">lines</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">IOError</span>
<span class="n">msg</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Saved a reverse patch to "</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">file_name</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">". "</span>
<span class="s2">"Run `patch -p0 < "</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">file_name</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">"` to revert your "</span>
<span class="s2">"changes."</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">except</span> <span class="ne">IOError</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">msg</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Tried to save a patch, but couldn't create a "</span>
<span class="s2">"writable file "</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">file_name</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s2">". Make sure it "</span>
<span class="s2">"doesn't exist and your working directory is "</span>
<span class="s2">"writable."</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">msg</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"you can retrieve the original source code by "</span>
<span class="s2">"accessing the object's source attribute or set "</span>
<span class="s2">"`torch.nn.Module.dump_patches = True` and use the "</span>
<span class="s2">"patch tool to revert the changes."</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">msg</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"source code of class '</span><span class="si">{}</span><span class="s2">' has changed. </span><span class="si">{}</span><span class="s2">"</span>
<span class="o">.</span><span class="n">format</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">typename</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">container_type</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">msg</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">warnings</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">warn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">msg</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">SourceChangeWarning</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">legacy_load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">deserialized_objects</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">persistent_load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">saved_id</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">saved_id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">tuple</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="c1"># Ignore containers that don't have any sources saved</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">all</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">saved_id</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:]):</span>
<span class="n">_check_container_source</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">saved_id</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">saved_id</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">deserialized_objects</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">saved_id</span><span class="p">)]</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">closing</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tarfile</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">fileobj</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mode</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'r:'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">format</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">tarfile</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PAX_FORMAT</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">tar</span><span class="p">,</span> \
<span class="n">mkdtemp</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">tmpdir</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">tar</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extract</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'storages'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">path</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">tmpdir</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">os</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmpdir</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'storages'</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="s1">'rb'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">num_storages</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num_storages</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">args</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">location</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">storage_type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">args</span>
<span class="n">obj</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">storage_type</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_new_with_file</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">obj</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">restore_location</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">obj</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">location</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">deserialized_objects</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">obj</span>
<span class="n">storage_views</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">target_cdata</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">root_cdata</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">offset</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">size</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">storage_views</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">root</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">deserialized_objects</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">root_cdata</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">deserialized_objects</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">target_cdata</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">root</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">offset</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">offset</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">tar</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extract</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'tensors'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">path</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">tmpdir</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">with</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">os</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tmpdir</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'tensors'</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="s1">'rb'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">num_tensors</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">num_tensors</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">args</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">storage_id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">original_tensor_type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">args</span>
<span class="n">storage</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">deserialized_objects</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">storage_id</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">tensor_type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">storage_to_tensor_type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">storage</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">tensor</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tensor_type</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_new_with_metadata_file</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">storage</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">deserialized_objects</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tensor</span>
<span class="n">pickle_file</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tar</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extractfile</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'pickle'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">unpickler</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Unpickler</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pickle_file</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">unpickler</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">persistent_load</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">persistent_load</span>
<span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">unpickler</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">result</span>
<span class="n">deserialized_objects</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{}</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">persistent_load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">saved_id</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">assert</span> <span class="nb">isinstance</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">saved_id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">tuple</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">typename</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">saved_id</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">data</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">saved_id</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:]</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">typename</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'module'</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c1"># Ignore containers that don't have any sources saved</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">all</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:]):</span>
<span class="n">_check_container_source</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">data</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">data</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">typename</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'storage'</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">data_type</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">root_key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">location</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">size</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">view_metadata</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">data</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">root_key</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">deserialized_objects</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">deserialized_objects</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">root_key</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">restore_location</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="n">data_type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">location</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">storage</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">deserialized_objects</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">root_key</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">view_metadata</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">view_key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">offset</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">view_size</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">view_metadata</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">view_key</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">deserialized_objects</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">deserialized_objects</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">view_key</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">storage</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">offset</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="n">offset</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">view_size</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">deserialized_objects</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">view_key</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">storage</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">RuntimeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Unknown saved id type: </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">saved_id</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="c1"># try the legacy loader first, which only works if f is a tarfile</span>
<span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">legacy_load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">except</span> <span class="n">tarfile</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">TarError</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">pass</span>
<span class="n">f</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">seek</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">magic_number</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">magic_number</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">MAGIC_NUMBER</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">RuntimeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Invalid magic number; corrupt file?"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">protocol_version</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">protocol_version</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="n">PROTOCOL_VERSION</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">RuntimeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Invalid protocol version: </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s2">"</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">protocol_version</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">_sys_info</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">unpickler</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Unpickler</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">unpickler</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">persistent_load</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">persistent_load</span>
<span class="n">result</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">unpickler</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">deserialized_storage_keys</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pickle_module</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">offset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">tell</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">deserialized_storage_keys</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">assert</span> <span class="n">key</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">deserialized_objects</span>
<span class="n">deserialized_objects</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">_set_from_file</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">offset</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">offset</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">result</span>
</pre></div>
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