enum.po

# Copyright (C) 2001-2022, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
#
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msgstr ""
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"tw)\n"
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#: ../../howto/enum.rst:5
msgid "Enum HOWTO"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:11
msgid ""
"An :class:`Enum` is a set of symbolic names bound to unique values.  They "
"are similar to global variables, but they offer a more useful :func:`repr`, "
"grouping, type-safety, and a few other features."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:15
msgid ""
"They are most useful when you have a variable that can take one of a limited "
"selection of values.  For example, the days of the week::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:18
msgid ""
">>> from enum import Enum\n"
">>> class Weekday(Enum):\n"
"...     MONDAY = 1\n"
"...     TUESDAY = 2\n"
"...     WEDNESDAY = 3\n"
"...     THURSDAY = 4\n"
"...     FRIDAY = 5\n"
"...     SATURDAY = 6\n"
"...     SUNDAY = 7"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:28
msgid "Or perhaps the RGB primary colors::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:30
msgid ""
">>> from enum import Enum\n"
">>> class Color(Enum):\n"
"...     RED = 1\n"
"...     GREEN = 2\n"
"...     BLUE = 3"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:36
msgid ""
"As you can see, creating an :class:`Enum` is as simple as writing a class "
"that inherits from :class:`Enum` itself."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:39
msgid "Case of Enum Members"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:41
msgid ""
"Because Enums are used to represent constants, and to help avoid issues with "
"name clashes between mixin-class methods/attributes and enum names, we "
"strongly recommend using UPPER_CASE names for members, and will be using "
"that style in our examples."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:46
msgid ""
"Depending on the nature of the enum a member's value may or may not be "
"important, but either way that value can be used to get the corresponding "
"member::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:50
msgid ""
">>> Weekday(3)\n"
"<Weekday.WEDNESDAY: 3>"
msgstr ""
">>> Weekday(3)\n"
"<Weekday.WEDNESDAY: 3>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:53
msgid ""
"As you can see, the ``repr()`` of a member shows the enum name, the member "
"name, and the value.  The ``str()`` of a member shows only the enum name and "
"member name::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:57
msgid ""
">>> print(Weekday.THURSDAY)\n"
"Weekday.THURSDAY"
msgstr ""
">>> print(Weekday.THURSDAY)\n"
"Weekday.THURSDAY"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:60
msgid "The *type* of an enumeration member is the enum it belongs to::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:62
msgid ""
">>> type(Weekday.MONDAY)\n"
"<enum 'Weekday'>\n"
">>> isinstance(Weekday.FRIDAY, Weekday)\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> type(Weekday.MONDAY)\n"
"<enum 'Weekday'>\n"
">>> isinstance(Weekday.FRIDAY, Weekday)\n"
"True>>> type(Weekday.MONDAY)\n"
"<enum 'Weekday'>\n"
">>> isinstance(Weekday.FRIDAY, Weekday)\n"
"True"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:67
msgid "Enum members have an attribute that contains just their :attr:`!name`::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:69
msgid ""
">>> print(Weekday.TUESDAY.name)\n"
"TUESDAY"
msgstr ""
">>> print(Weekday.TUESDAY.name)\n"
"TUESDAY"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:72
msgid "Likewise, they have an attribute for their :attr:`!value`::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:75
msgid ""
">>> Weekday.WEDNESDAY.value\n"
"3"
msgstr ""
">>> Weekday.WEDNESDAY.value\n"
"3"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:78
msgid ""
"Unlike many languages that treat enumerations solely as name/value pairs, "
"Python Enums can have behavior added.  For example, :class:`datetime.date` "
"has two methods for returning the weekday: :meth:`~datetime.date.weekday` "
"and :meth:`~datetime.date.isoweekday`. The difference is that one of them "
"counts from 0-6 and the other from 1-7. Rather than keep track of that "
"ourselves we can add a method to the :class:`!Weekday` enum to extract the "
"day from the :class:`~datetime.date` instance and return the matching enum "
"member::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:87
msgid ""
"@classmethod\n"
"def from_date(cls, date):\n"
"    return cls(date.isoweekday())"
msgstr ""
"@classmethod\n"
"def from_date(cls, date):\n"
"    return cls(date.isoweekday())"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:91
msgid "The complete :class:`!Weekday` enum now looks like this::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:93
msgid ""
">>> class Weekday(Enum):\n"
"...     MONDAY = 1\n"
"...     TUESDAY = 2\n"
"...     WEDNESDAY = 3\n"
"...     THURSDAY = 4\n"
"...     FRIDAY = 5\n"
"...     SATURDAY = 6\n"
"...     SUNDAY = 7\n"
"...     #\n"
"...     @classmethod\n"
"...     def from_date(cls, date):\n"
"...         return cls(date.isoweekday())"
msgstr ""
">>> class Weekday(Enum):\n"
"...     MONDAY = 1\n"
"...     TUESDAY = 2\n"
"...     WEDNESDAY = 3\n"
"...     THURSDAY = 4\n"
"...     FRIDAY = 5\n"
"...     SATURDAY = 6\n"
"...     SUNDAY = 7\n"
"...     #\n"
"...     @classmethod\n"
"...     def from_date(cls, date):\n"
"...         return cls(date.isoweekday())"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:106
msgid "Now we can find out what today is!  Observe::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:108
msgid ""
">>> from datetime import date\n"
">>> Weekday.from_date(date.today())     \n"
"<Weekday.TUESDAY: 2>"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:112
msgid ""
"Of course, if you're reading this on some other day, you'll see that day "
"instead."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:114
msgid ""
"This :class:`!Weekday` enum is great if our variable only needs one day, but "
"what if we need several?  Maybe we're writing a function to plot chores "
"during a week, and don't want to use a :class:`list` -- we could use a "
"different type of :class:`Enum`::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:119
msgid ""
">>> from enum import Flag\n"
">>> class Weekday(Flag):\n"
"...     MONDAY = 1\n"
"...     TUESDAY = 2\n"
"...     WEDNESDAY = 4\n"
"...     THURSDAY = 8\n"
"...     FRIDAY = 16\n"
"...     SATURDAY = 32\n"
"...     SUNDAY = 64"
msgstr ""
">>> from enum import Flag\n"
">>> class Weekday(Flag):\n"
"...     MONDAY = 1\n"
"...     TUESDAY = 2\n"
"...     WEDNESDAY = 4\n"
"...     THURSDAY = 8\n"
"...     FRIDAY = 16\n"
"...     SATURDAY = 32\n"
"...     SUNDAY = 64"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:129
msgid ""
"We've changed two things: we're inherited from :class:`Flag`, and the values "
"are all powers of 2."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:132
msgid ""
"Just like the original :class:`!Weekday` enum above, we can have a single "
"selection::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:134
msgid ""
">>> first_week_day = Weekday.MONDAY\n"
">>> first_week_day\n"
"<Weekday.MONDAY: 1>"
msgstr ""
">>> first_week_day = Weekday.MONDAY\n"
">>> first_week_day\n"
"<Weekday.MONDAY: 1>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:138
msgid ""
"But :class:`Flag` also allows us to combine several members into a single "
"variable::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:141
msgid ""
">>> weekend = Weekday.SATURDAY | Weekday.SUNDAY\n"
">>> weekend\n"
"<Weekday.SATURDAY|SUNDAY: 96>"
msgstr ""
">>> weekend = Weekday.SATURDAY | Weekday.SUNDAY\n"
">>> weekend\n"
"<Weekday.SATURDAY|SUNDAY: 96>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:145
msgid "You can even iterate over a :class:`Flag` variable::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:147
msgid ""
">>> for day in weekend:\n"
"...     print(day)\n"
"Weekday.SATURDAY\n"
"Weekday.SUNDAY"
msgstr ""
">>> for day in weekend:\n"
"...     print(day)\n"
"Weekday.SATURDAY\n"
"Weekday.SUNDAY"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:152
msgid "Okay, let's get some chores set up::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:154
msgid ""
">>> chores_for_ethan = {\n"
"...     'feed the cat': Weekday.MONDAY | Weekday.WEDNESDAY | Weekday."
"FRIDAY,\n"
"...     'do the dishes': Weekday.TUESDAY | Weekday.THURSDAY,\n"
"...     'answer SO questions': Weekday.SATURDAY,\n"
"...     }"
msgstr ""
">>> chores_for_ethan = {\n"
"...     'feed the cat': Weekday.MONDAY | Weekday.WEDNESDAY | Weekday."
"FRIDAY,\n"
"...     'do the dishes': Weekday.TUESDAY | Weekday.THURSDAY,\n"
"...     'answer SO questions': Weekday.SATURDAY,\n"
"...     }"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:160
msgid "And a function to display the chores for a given day::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:162
msgid ""
">>> def show_chores(chores, day):\n"
"...     for chore, days in chores.items():\n"
"...         if day in days:\n"
"...             print(chore)\n"
"...\n"
">>> show_chores(chores_for_ethan, Weekday.SATURDAY)\n"
"answer SO questions"
msgstr ""
">>> def show_chores(chores, day):\n"
"...     for chore, days in chores.items():\n"
"...         if day in days:\n"
"...             print(chore)\n"
"...\n"
">>> show_chores(chores_for_ethan, Weekday.SATURDAY)\n"
"answer SO questions"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:170
msgid ""
"In cases where the actual values of the members do not matter, you can save "
"yourself some work and use :func:`auto` for the values::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:173
msgid ""
">>> from enum import auto\n"
">>> class Weekday(Flag):\n"
"...     MONDAY = auto()\n"
"...     TUESDAY = auto()\n"
"...     WEDNESDAY = auto()\n"
"...     THURSDAY = auto()\n"
"...     FRIDAY = auto()\n"
"...     SATURDAY = auto()\n"
"...     SUNDAY = auto()\n"
"...     WEEKEND = SATURDAY | SUNDAY"
msgstr ""
">>> from enum import auto\n"
">>> class Weekday(Flag):\n"
"...     MONDAY = auto()\n"
"...     TUESDAY = auto()\n"
"...     WEDNESDAY = auto()\n"
"...     THURSDAY = auto()\n"
"...     FRIDAY = auto()\n"
"...     SATURDAY = auto()\n"
"...     SUNDAY = auto()\n"
"...     WEEKEND = SATURDAY | SUNDAY"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:189
msgid "Programmatic access to enumeration members and their attributes"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:191
msgid ""
"Sometimes it's useful to access members in enumerations programmatically (i."
"e. situations where ``Color.RED`` won't do because the exact color is not "
"known at program-writing time).  ``Enum`` allows such access::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:195
msgid ""
">>> Color(1)\n"
"<Color.RED: 1>\n"
">>> Color(3)\n"
"<Color.BLUE: 3>"
msgstr ""
">>> Color(1)\n"
"<Color.RED: 1>\n"
">>> Color(3)\n"
"<Color.BLUE: 3>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:200
msgid "If you want to access enum members by *name*, use item access::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:202
msgid ""
">>> Color['RED']\n"
"<Color.RED: 1>\n"
">>> Color['GREEN']\n"
"<Color.GREEN: 2>"
msgstr ""
">>> Color['RED']\n"
"<Color.RED: 1>\n"
">>> Color['GREEN']\n"
"<Color.GREEN: 2>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:207
msgid ""
"If you have an enum member and need its :attr:`!name` or :attr:`!value`::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:209
msgid ""
">>> member = Color.RED\n"
">>> member.name\n"
"'RED'\n"
">>> member.value\n"
"1"
msgstr ""
">>> member = Color.RED\n"
">>> member.name\n"
"'RED'\n"
">>> member.value\n"
"1"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:217
msgid "Duplicating enum members and values"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:219
msgid "Having two enum members with the same name is invalid::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:221
msgid ""
">>> class Shape(Enum):\n"
"...     SQUARE = 2\n"
"...     SQUARE = 3\n"
"...\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"...\n"
"TypeError: 'SQUARE' already defined as 2"
msgstr ""
">>> class Shape(Enum):\n"
"...     SQUARE = 2\n"
"...     SQUARE = 3\n"
"...\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"...\n"
"TypeError: 'SQUARE' already defined as 2"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:229
msgid ""
"However, an enum member can have other names associated with it.  Given two "
"entries ``A`` and ``B`` with the same value (and ``A`` defined first), ``B`` "
"is an alias for the member ``A``.  By-value lookup of the value of ``A`` "
"will return the member ``A``.  By-name lookup of ``A`` will return the "
"member ``A``. By-name lookup of ``B`` will also return the member ``A``::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:235
msgid ""
">>> class Shape(Enum):\n"
"...     SQUARE = 2\n"
"...     DIAMOND = 1\n"
"...     CIRCLE = 3\n"
"...     ALIAS_FOR_SQUARE = 2\n"
"...\n"
">>> Shape.SQUARE\n"
"<Shape.SQUARE: 2>\n"
">>> Shape.ALIAS_FOR_SQUARE\n"
"<Shape.SQUARE: 2>\n"
">>> Shape(2)\n"
"<Shape.SQUARE: 2>"
msgstr ""
">>> class Shape(Enum):\n"
"...     SQUARE = 2\n"
"...     DIAMOND = 1\n"
"...     CIRCLE = 3\n"
"...     ALIAS_FOR_SQUARE = 2\n"
"...\n"
">>> Shape.SQUARE\n"
"<Shape.SQUARE: 2>\n"
">>> Shape.ALIAS_FOR_SQUARE\n"
"<Shape.SQUARE: 2>\n"
">>> Shape(2)\n"
"<Shape.SQUARE: 2>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:250
msgid ""
"Attempting to create a member with the same name as an already defined "
"attribute (another member, a method, etc.) or attempting to create an "
"attribute with the same name as a member is not allowed."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:256
msgid "Ensuring unique enumeration values"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:258
msgid ""
"By default, enumerations allow multiple names as aliases for the same value. "
"When this behavior isn't desired, you can use the :func:`unique` decorator::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:261
msgid ""
">>> from enum import Enum, unique\n"
">>> @unique\n"
"... class Mistake(Enum):\n"
"...     ONE = 1\n"
"...     TWO = 2\n"
"...     THREE = 3\n"
"...     FOUR = 3\n"
"...\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"...\n"
"ValueError: duplicate values found in <enum 'Mistake'>: FOUR -> THREE"
msgstr ""
">>> from enum import Enum, unique\n"
">>> @unique\n"
"... class Mistake(Enum):\n"
"...     ONE = 1\n"
"...     TWO = 2\n"
"...     THREE = 3\n"
"...     FOUR = 3\n"
"...\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"...\n"
"ValueError: duplicate values found in <enum 'Mistake'>: FOUR -> THREE"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:275
msgid "Using automatic values"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:277
msgid "If the exact value is unimportant you can use :class:`auto`::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:279
msgid ""
">>> from enum import Enum, auto\n"
">>> class Color(Enum):\n"
"...     RED = auto()\n"
"...     BLUE = auto()\n"
"...     GREEN = auto()\n"
"...\n"
">>> [member.value for member in Color]\n"
"[1, 2, 3]"
msgstr ""
">>> from enum import Enum, auto\n"
">>> class Color(Enum):\n"
"...     RED = auto()\n"
"...     BLUE = auto()\n"
"...     GREEN = auto()\n"
"...\n"
">>> [member.value for member in Color]\n"
"[1, 2, 3]"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:288
msgid ""
"The values are chosen by :func:`~Enum._generate_next_value_`, which can be "
"overridden::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:291
msgid ""
">>> class AutoName(Enum):\n"
"...     @staticmethod\n"
"...     def _generate_next_value_(name, start, count, last_values):\n"
"...         return name\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Ordinal(AutoName):\n"
"...     NORTH = auto()\n"
"...     SOUTH = auto()\n"
"...     EAST = auto()\n"
"...     WEST = auto()\n"
"...\n"
">>> [member.value for member in Ordinal]\n"
"['NORTH', 'SOUTH', 'EAST', 'WEST']"
msgstr ""
">>> class AutoName(Enum):\n"
"...     @staticmethod\n"
"...     def _generate_next_value_(name, start, count, last_values):\n"
"...         return name\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Ordinal(AutoName):\n"
"...     NORTH = auto()\n"
"...     SOUTH = auto()\n"
"...     EAST = auto()\n"
"...     WEST = auto()\n"
"...\n"
">>> [member.value for member in Ordinal]\n"
"['NORTH', 'SOUTH', 'EAST', 'WEST']"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:307
msgid ""
"The :meth:`~Enum._generate_next_value_` method must be defined before any "
"members."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:310
msgid "Iteration"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:312
msgid "Iterating over the members of an enum does not provide the aliases::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:314
msgid ""
">>> list(Shape)\n"
"[<Shape.SQUARE: 2>, <Shape.DIAMOND: 1>, <Shape.CIRCLE: 3>]\n"
">>> list(Weekday)\n"
"[<Weekday.MONDAY: 1>, <Weekday.TUESDAY: 2>, <Weekday.WEDNESDAY: 4>, <Weekday."
"THURSDAY: 8>, <Weekday.FRIDAY: 16>, <Weekday.SATURDAY: 32>, <Weekday.SUNDAY: "
"64>]"
msgstr ""
">>> list(Shape)\n"
"[<Shape.SQUARE: 2>, <Shape.DIAMOND: 1>, <Shape.CIRCLE: 3>]\n"
">>> list(Weekday)\n"
"[<Weekday.MONDAY: 1>, <Weekday.TUESDAY: 2>, <Weekday.WEDNESDAY: 4>, <Weekday."
"THURSDAY: 8>, <Weekday.FRIDAY: 16>, <Weekday.SATURDAY: 32>, <Weekday.SUNDAY: "
"64>]"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:319
msgid ""
"Note that the aliases ``Shape.ALIAS_FOR_SQUARE`` and ``Weekday.WEEKEND`` "
"aren't shown."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:321
msgid ""
"The special attribute ``__members__`` is a read-only ordered mapping of "
"names to members.  It includes all names defined in the enumeration, "
"including the aliases::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:325
msgid ""
">>> for name, member in Shape.__members__.items():\n"
"...     name, member\n"
"...\n"
"('SQUARE', <Shape.SQUARE: 2>)\n"
"('DIAMOND', <Shape.DIAMOND: 1>)\n"
"('CIRCLE', <Shape.CIRCLE: 3>)\n"
"('ALIAS_FOR_SQUARE', <Shape.SQUARE: 2>)"
msgstr ""
">>> for name, member in Shape.__members__.items():\n"
"...     name, member\n"
"...\n"
"('SQUARE', <Shape.SQUARE: 2>)\n"
"('DIAMOND', <Shape.DIAMOND: 1>)\n"
"('CIRCLE', <Shape.CIRCLE: 3>)\n"
"('ALIAS_FOR_SQUARE', <Shape.SQUARE: 2>)"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:333
msgid ""
"The ``__members__`` attribute can be used for detailed programmatic access "
"to the enumeration members.  For example, finding all the aliases::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:336
msgid ""
">>> [name for name, member in Shape.__members__.items() if member.name != "
"name]\n"
"['ALIAS_FOR_SQUARE']"
msgstr ""
">>> [name for name, member in Shape.__members__.items() if member.name != "
"name]\n"
"['ALIAS_FOR_SQUARE']"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:341
msgid ""
"Aliases for flags include values with multiple flags set, such as ``3``, and "
"no flags set, i.e. ``0``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:346
msgid "Comparisons"
msgstr "比較"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:348
msgid "Enumeration members are compared by identity::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:350
msgid ""
">>> Color.RED is Color.RED\n"
"True\n"
">>> Color.RED is Color.BLUE\n"
"False\n"
">>> Color.RED is not Color.BLUE\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> Color.RED is Color.RED\n"
"True\n"
">>> Color.RED is Color.BLUE\n"
"False\n"
">>> Color.RED is not Color.BLUE\n"
"True"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:357
msgid ""
"Ordered comparisons between enumeration values are *not* supported.  Enum "
"members are not integers (but see `IntEnum`_ below)::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:360
msgid ""
">>> Color.RED < Color.BLUE\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"TypeError: '<' not supported between instances of 'Color' and 'Color'"
msgstr ""
">>> Color.RED < Color.BLUE\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  File \"<stdin>\", line 1, in <module>\n"
"TypeError: '<' not supported between instances of 'Color' and 'Color'"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:365
msgid "Equality comparisons are defined though::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:367
msgid ""
">>> Color.BLUE == Color.RED\n"
"False\n"
">>> Color.BLUE != Color.RED\n"
"True\n"
">>> Color.BLUE == Color.BLUE\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> Color.BLUE == Color.RED\n"
"False\n"
">>> Color.BLUE != Color.RED\n"
"True\n"
">>> Color.BLUE == Color.BLUE\n"
"True"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:374
msgid ""
"Comparisons against non-enumeration values will always compare not equal "
"(again, :class:`IntEnum` was explicitly designed to behave differently, see "
"below)::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:378
msgid ""
">>> Color.BLUE == 2\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
">>> Color.BLUE == 2\n"
"False"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:383
msgid ""
"It is possible to reload modules -- if a reloaded module contains enums, "
"they will be recreated, and the new members may not compare identical/equal "
"to the original members."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:388
msgid "Allowed members and attributes of enumerations"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:390
msgid ""
"Most of the examples above use integers for enumeration values.  Using "
"integers is short and handy (and provided by default by the `Functional "
"API`_), but not strictly enforced.  In the vast majority of use-cases, one "
"doesn't care what the actual value of an enumeration is.  But if the value "
"*is* important, enumerations can have arbitrary values."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:396
msgid ""
"Enumerations are Python classes, and can have methods and special methods as "
"usual.  If we have this enumeration::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:399
msgid ""
">>> class Mood(Enum):\n"
"...     FUNKY = 1\n"
"...     HAPPY = 3\n"
"...\n"
"...     def describe(self):\n"
"...         # self is the member here\n"
"...         return self.name, self.value\n"
"...\n"
"...     def __str__(self):\n"
"...         return 'my custom str! {0}'.format(self.value)\n"
"...\n"
"...     @classmethod\n"
"...     def favorite_mood(cls):\n"
"...         # cls here is the enumeration\n"
"...         return cls.HAPPY\n"
"..."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:416
msgid "Then::"
msgstr "然後： ::"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:418
msgid ""
">>> Mood.favorite_mood()\n"
"<Mood.HAPPY: 3>\n"
">>> Mood.HAPPY.describe()\n"
"('HAPPY', 3)\n"
">>> str(Mood.FUNKY)\n"
"'my custom str! 1'"
msgstr ""
">>> Mood.favorite_mood()\n"
"<Mood.HAPPY: 3>\n"
">>> Mood.HAPPY.describe()\n"
"('HAPPY', 3)\n"
">>> str(Mood.FUNKY)\n"
"'my custom str! 1'"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:425
msgid ""
"The rules for what is allowed are as follows: names that start and end with "
"a single underscore are reserved by enum and cannot be used; all other "
"attributes defined within an enumeration will become members of this "
"enumeration, with the exception of special methods (:meth:`~object."
"__str__`, :meth:`~object.__add__`, etc.), descriptors (methods are also "
"descriptors), and variable names listed in :attr:`~Enum._ignore_`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:432
msgid ""
"Note:  if your enumeration defines :meth:`~object.__new__` and/or :meth:"
"`~object.__init__`, any value(s) given to the enum member will be passed "
"into those methods. See `Planet`_ for an example."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:438
msgid ""
"The :meth:`~object.__new__` method, if defined, is used during creation of "
"the Enum members; it is then replaced by Enum's :meth:`~object.__new__` "
"which is used after class creation for lookup of existing members.  See :ref:"
"`new-vs-init` for more details."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:445
msgid "Restricted Enum subclassing"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:447
msgid ""
"A new :class:`Enum` class must have one base enum class, up to one concrete "
"data type, and as many :class:`object`-based mixin classes as needed.  The "
"order of these base classes is::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:451
msgid ""
"class EnumName([mix-in, ...,] [data-type,] base-enum):\n"
"    pass"
msgstr ""
"class EnumName([mix-in, ...,] [data-type,] base-enum):\n"
"    pass"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:454
msgid ""
"Also, subclassing an enumeration is allowed only if the enumeration does not "
"define any members.  So this is forbidden::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:457
msgid ""
">>> class MoreColor(Color):\n"
"...     PINK = 17\n"
"...\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"...\n"
"TypeError: <enum 'MoreColor'> cannot extend <enum 'Color'>"
msgstr ""
">>> class MoreColor(Color):\n"
"...     PINK = 17\n"
"...\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"...\n"
"TypeError: <enum 'MoreColor'> cannot extend <enum 'Color'>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:464
msgid "But this is allowed::"
msgstr "但這是允許的："

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:466
msgid ""
">>> class Foo(Enum):\n"
"...     def some_behavior(self):\n"
"...         pass\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Bar(Foo):\n"
"...     HAPPY = 1\n"
"...     SAD = 2\n"
"..."
msgstr ""
">>> class Foo(Enum):\n"
"...     def some_behavior(self):\n"
"...         pass\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Bar(Foo):\n"
"...     HAPPY = 1\n"
"...     SAD = 2\n"
"..."

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:475
msgid ""
"Allowing subclassing of enums that define members would lead to a violation "
"of some important invariants of types and instances.  On the other hand, it "
"makes sense to allow sharing some common behavior between a group of "
"enumerations. (See `OrderedEnum`_ for an example.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:484
msgid "Dataclass support"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:486
msgid ""
"When inheriting from a :class:`~dataclasses.dataclass`, the :meth:`~Enum."
"__repr__` omits the inherited class' name.  For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:489
msgid ""
">>> from dataclasses import dataclass, field\n"
">>> @dataclass\n"
"... class CreatureDataMixin:\n"
"...     size: str\n"
"...     legs: int\n"
"...     tail: bool = field(repr=False, default=True)\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Creature(CreatureDataMixin, Enum):\n"
"...     BEETLE = 'small', 6\n"
"...     DOG = 'medium', 4\n"
"...\n"
">>> Creature.DOG\n"
"<Creature.DOG: size='medium', legs=4>"
msgstr ""
">>> from dataclasses import dataclass, field\n"
">>> @dataclass\n"
"... class CreatureDataMixin:\n"
"...     size: str\n"
"...     legs: int\n"
"...     tail: bool = field(repr=False, default=True)\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Creature(CreatureDataMixin, Enum):\n"
"...     BEETLE = 'small', 6\n"
"...     DOG = 'medium', 4\n"
"...\n"
">>> Creature.DOG\n"
"<Creature.DOG: size='medium', legs=4>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:503
msgid ""
"Use the :func:`~dataclasses.dataclass` argument ``repr=False`` to use the "
"standard :func:`repr`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:506
msgid ""
"Only the dataclass fields are shown in the value area, not the dataclass' "
"name."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:512
msgid ""
"Adding :func:`~dataclasses.dataclass` decorator to :class:`Enum` and its "
"subclasses is not supported. It will not raise any errors, but it will "
"produce very strange results at runtime, such as members being equal to each "
"other::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:517
msgid ""
">>> @dataclass               # don't do this: it does not make any sense\n"
"... class Color(Enum):\n"
"...    RED = 1\n"
"...    BLUE = 2\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.RED is Color.BLUE\n"
"False\n"
">>> Color.RED == Color.BLUE  # problem is here: they should not be equal\n"
"True"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:529
msgid "Pickling"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:531
msgid "Enumerations can be pickled and unpickled::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:533
msgid ""
">>> from test.test_enum import Fruit\n"
">>> from pickle import dumps, loads\n"
">>> Fruit.TOMATO is loads(dumps(Fruit.TOMATO))\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> from test.test_enum import Fruit\n"
">>> from pickle import dumps, loads\n"
">>> Fruit.TOMATO is loads(dumps(Fruit.TOMATO))\n"
"True"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:538
msgid ""
"The usual restrictions for pickling apply: picklable enums must be defined "
"in the top level of a module, since unpickling requires them to be "
"importable from that module."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:544
msgid ""
"With pickle protocol version 4 it is possible to easily pickle enums nested "
"in other classes."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:547
msgid ""
"It is possible to modify how enum members are pickled/unpickled by defining :"
"meth:`~object.__reduce_ex__` in the enumeration class.  The default method "
"is by-value, but enums with complicated values may want to use by-name::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:551
msgid ""
">>> import enum\n"
">>> class MyEnum(enum.Enum):\n"
"...     __reduce_ex__ = enum.pickle_by_enum_name"
msgstr ""
">>> import enum\n"
">>> class MyEnum(enum.Enum):\n"
"...     __reduce_ex__ = enum.pickle_by_enum_name"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:557
msgid ""
"Using by-name for flags is not recommended, as unnamed aliases will not "
"unpickle."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:562
msgid "Functional API"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:564
msgid ""
"The :class:`Enum` class is callable, providing the following functional API::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:566
msgid ""
">>> Animal = Enum('Animal', 'ANT BEE CAT DOG')\n"
">>> Animal\n"
"<enum 'Animal'>\n"
">>> Animal.ANT\n"
"<Animal.ANT: 1>\n"
">>> list(Animal)\n"
"[<Animal.ANT: 1>, <Animal.BEE: 2>, <Animal.CAT: 3>, <Animal.DOG: 4>]"
msgstr ""
">>> Animal = Enum('Animal', 'ANT BEE CAT DOG')\n"
">>> Animal\n"
"<enum 'Animal'>\n"
">>> Animal.ANT\n"
"<Animal.ANT: 1>\n"
">>> list(Animal)\n"
"[<Animal.ANT: 1>, <Animal.BEE: 2>, <Animal.CAT: 3>, <Animal.DOG: 4>]"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:574
msgid ""
"The semantics of this API resemble :class:`~collections.namedtuple`. The "
"first argument of the call to :class:`Enum` is the name of the enumeration."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:577
msgid ""
"The second argument is the *source* of enumeration member names.  It can be "
"a whitespace-separated string of names, a sequence of names, a sequence of 2-"
"tuples with key/value pairs, or a mapping (e.g. dictionary) of names to "
"values.  The last two options enable assigning arbitrary values to "
"enumerations; the others auto-assign increasing integers starting with 1 "
"(use the ``start`` parameter to specify a different starting value).  A new "
"class derived from :class:`Enum` is returned.  In other words, the above "
"assignment to :class:`!Animal` is equivalent to::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:586
msgid ""
">>> class Animal(Enum):\n"
"...     ANT = 1\n"
"...     BEE = 2\n"
"...     CAT = 3\n"
"...     DOG = 4\n"
"..."
msgstr ""
">>> class Animal(Enum):\n"
"...     ANT = 1\n"
"...     BEE = 2\n"
"...     CAT = 3\n"
"...     DOG = 4\n"
"..."

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:593
msgid ""
"The reason for defaulting to ``1`` as the starting number and not ``0`` is "
"that ``0`` is ``False`` in a boolean sense, but by default enum members all "
"evaluate to ``True``."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:597
msgid ""
"Pickling enums created with the functional API can be tricky as frame stack "
"implementation details are used to try and figure out which module the "
"enumeration is being created in (e.g. it will fail if you use a utility "
"function in a separate module, and also may not work on IronPython or "
"Jython). The solution is to specify the module name explicitly as follows::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:603
msgid ">>> Animal = Enum('Animal', 'ANT BEE CAT DOG', module=__name__)"
msgstr ">>> Animal = Enum('Animal', 'ANT BEE CAT DOG', module=__name__)"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:607
msgid ""
"If ``module`` is not supplied, and Enum cannot determine what it is, the new "
"Enum members will not be unpicklable; to keep errors closer to the source, "
"pickling will be disabled."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:611
msgid ""
"The new pickle protocol 4 also, in some circumstances, relies on :attr:"
"`~type.__qualname__` being set to the location where pickle will be able to "
"find the class.  For example, if the class was made available in class "
"SomeData in the global scope::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:616
msgid ""
">>> Animal = Enum('Animal', 'ANT BEE CAT DOG', qualname='SomeData.Animal')"
msgstr ""
">>> Animal = Enum('Animal', 'ANT BEE CAT DOG', qualname='SomeData.Animal')"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:618
msgid "The complete signature is::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:620
msgid ""
"Enum(\n"
"    value='NewEnumName',\n"
"    names=<...>,\n"
"    *,\n"
"    module='...',\n"
"    qualname='...',\n"
"    type=<mixed-in class>,\n"
"    start=1,\n"
"    )"
msgstr ""
"Enum(\n"
"    value='NewEnumName',\n"
"    names=<...>,\n"
"    *,\n"
"    module='...',\n"
"    qualname='...',\n"
"    type=<mixed-in class>,\n"
"    start=1,\n"
"    )"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:630
msgid "*value*: What the new enum class will record as its name."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:632
msgid ""
"*names*: The enum members.  This can be a whitespace- or comma-separated "
"string (values will start at 1 unless otherwise specified)::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:635
msgid "'RED GREEN BLUE' | 'RED,GREEN,BLUE' | 'RED, GREEN, BLUE'"
msgstr "'RED GREEN BLUE' | 'RED,GREEN,BLUE' | 'RED, GREEN, BLUE'"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:637
msgid "or an iterator of names::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:639
msgid "['RED', 'GREEN', 'BLUE']"
msgstr "['RED', 'GREEN', 'BLUE']"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:641
msgid "or an iterator of (name, value) pairs::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:643
msgid "[('CYAN', 4), ('MAGENTA', 5), ('YELLOW', 6)]"
msgstr "[('CYAN', 4), ('MAGENTA', 5), ('YELLOW', 6)]"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:645
msgid "or a mapping::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:647
msgid "{'CHARTREUSE': 7, 'SEA_GREEN': 11, 'ROSEMARY': 42}"
msgstr "{'CHARTREUSE': 7, 'SEA_GREEN': 11, 'ROSEMARY': 42}"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:649
msgid "*module*: name of module where new enum class can be found."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:651
msgid "*qualname*: where in module new enum class can be found."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:653
msgid "*type*: type to mix in to new enum class."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:655
msgid "*start*: number to start counting at if only names are passed in."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:657
msgid "The *start* parameter was added."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:662
msgid "Derived Enumerations"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:665
msgid "IntEnum"
msgstr "IntEnum"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:667
msgid ""
"The first variation of :class:`Enum` that is provided is also a subclass of :"
"class:`int`.  Members of an :class:`IntEnum` can be compared to integers; by "
"extension, integer enumerations of different types can also be compared to "
"each other::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:672
msgid ""
">>> from enum import IntEnum\n"
">>> class Shape(IntEnum):\n"
"...     CIRCLE = 1\n"
"...     SQUARE = 2\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Request(IntEnum):\n"
"...     POST = 1\n"
"...     GET = 2\n"
"...\n"
">>> Shape == 1\n"
"False\n"
">>> Shape.CIRCLE == 1\n"
"True\n"
">>> Shape.CIRCLE == Request.POST\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> from enum import IntEnum\n"
">>> class Shape(IntEnum):\n"
"...     CIRCLE = 1\n"
"...     SQUARE = 2\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Request(IntEnum):\n"
"...     POST = 1\n"
"...     GET = 2\n"
"...\n"
">>> Shape == 1\n"
"False\n"
">>> Shape.CIRCLE == 1\n"
"True\n"
">>> Shape.CIRCLE == Request.POST\n"
"True"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:688
msgid ""
"However, they still can't be compared to standard :class:`Enum` "
"enumerations::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:690
msgid ""
">>> class Shape(IntEnum):\n"
"...     CIRCLE = 1\n"
"...     SQUARE = 2\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Color(Enum):\n"
"...     RED = 1\n"
"...     GREEN = 2\n"
"...\n"
">>> Shape.CIRCLE == Color.RED\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
">>> class Shape(IntEnum):\n"
"...     CIRCLE = 1\n"
"...     SQUARE = 2\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Color(Enum):\n"
"...     RED = 1\n"
"...     GREEN = 2\n"
"...\n"
">>> Shape.CIRCLE == Color.RED\n"
"False"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:701
msgid ""
":class:`IntEnum` values behave like integers in other ways you'd expect::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:703
msgid ""
">>> int(Shape.CIRCLE)\n"
"1\n"
">>> ['a', 'b', 'c'][Shape.CIRCLE]\n"
"'b'\n"
">>> [i for i in range(Shape.SQUARE)]\n"
"[0, 1]"
msgstr ""
">>> int(Shape.CIRCLE)\n"
"1\n"
">>> ['a', 'b', 'c'][Shape.CIRCLE]\n"
"'b'\n"
">>> [i for i in range(Shape.SQUARE)]\n"
"[0, 1]"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:712
msgid "StrEnum"
msgstr "StrEnum"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:714
msgid ""
"The second variation of :class:`Enum` that is provided is also a subclass "
"of :class:`str`.  Members of a :class:`StrEnum` can be compared to strings; "
"by extension, string enumerations of different types can also be compared to "
"each other."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:723
msgid "IntFlag"
msgstr "IntFlag"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:725
msgid ""
"The next variation of :class:`Enum` provided, :class:`IntFlag`, is also "
"based on :class:`int`.  The difference being :class:`IntFlag` members can be "
"combined using the bitwise operators (&, \\|, ^, ~) and the result is still "
"an :class:`IntFlag` member, if possible.  Like :class:`IntEnum`, :class:"
"`IntFlag` members are also integers and can be used wherever an :class:`int` "
"is used."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:733
msgid ""
"Any operation on an :class:`IntFlag` member besides the bit-wise operations "
"will lose the :class:`IntFlag` membership."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:736
msgid ""
"Bit-wise operations that result in invalid :class:`IntFlag` values will lose "
"the :class:`IntFlag` membership.  See :class:`FlagBoundary` for details."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:743
msgid "Sample :class:`IntFlag` class::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:745
msgid ""
">>> from enum import IntFlag\n"
">>> class Perm(IntFlag):\n"
"...     R = 4\n"
"...     W = 2\n"
"...     X = 1\n"
"...\n"
">>> Perm.R | Perm.W\n"
"<Perm.R|W: 6>\n"
">>> Perm.R + Perm.W\n"
"6\n"
">>> RW = Perm.R | Perm.W\n"
">>> Perm.R in RW\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> from enum import IntFlag\n"
">>> class Perm(IntFlag):\n"
"...     R = 4\n"
"...     W = 2\n"
"...     X = 1\n"
"...\n"
">>> Perm.R | Perm.W\n"
"<Perm.R|W: 6>\n"
">>> Perm.R + Perm.W\n"
"6\n"
">>> RW = Perm.R | Perm.W\n"
">>> Perm.R in RW\n"
"True"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:759
msgid "It is also possible to name the combinations::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:761
msgid ""
">>> class Perm(IntFlag):\n"
"...     R = 4\n"
"...     W = 2\n"
"...     X = 1\n"
"...     RWX = 7\n"
"...\n"
">>> Perm.RWX\n"
"<Perm.RWX: 7>\n"
">>> ~Perm.RWX\n"
"<Perm: 0>\n"
">>> Perm(7)\n"
"<Perm.RWX: 7>"
msgstr ""
">>> class Perm(IntFlag):\n"
"...     R = 4\n"
"...     W = 2\n"
"...     X = 1\n"
"...     RWX = 7\n"
"...\n"
">>> Perm.RWX\n"
"<Perm.RWX: 7>\n"
">>> ~Perm.RWX\n"
"<Perm: 0>\n"
">>> Perm(7)\n"
"<Perm.RWX: 7>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:776
msgid ""
"Named combinations are considered aliases.  Aliases do not show up during "
"iteration, but can be returned from by-value lookups."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:781
msgid ""
"Another important difference between :class:`IntFlag` and :class:`Enum` is "
"that if no flags are set (the value is 0), its boolean evaluation is :data:"
"`False`::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:784
msgid ""
">>> Perm.R & Perm.X\n"
"<Perm: 0>\n"
">>> bool(Perm.R & Perm.X)\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
">>> Perm.R & Perm.X\n"
"<Perm: 0>\n"
">>> bool(Perm.R & Perm.X)\n"
"False"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:789
msgid ""
"Because :class:`IntFlag` members are also subclasses of :class:`int` they "
"can be combined with them (but may lose :class:`IntFlag` membership::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:792
msgid ""
">>> Perm.X | 4\n"
"<Perm.R|X: 5>\n"
"\n"
">>> Perm.X + 8\n"
"9"
msgstr ""
">>> Perm.X | 4\n"
"<Perm.R|X: 5>\n"
"\n"
">>> Perm.X + 8\n"
"9"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:800
msgid ""
"The negation operator, ``~``, always returns an :class:`IntFlag` member with "
"a positive value::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:803
msgid ""
">>> (~Perm.X).value == (Perm.R|Perm.W).value == 6\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> (~Perm.X).value == (Perm.R|Perm.W).value == 6\n"
"True"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:806
msgid ":class:`IntFlag` members can also be iterated over::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:808
msgid ""
">>> list(RW)\n"
"[<Perm.R: 4>, <Perm.W: 2>]"
msgstr ""
">>> list(RW)\n"
"[<Perm.R: 4>, <Perm.W: 2>]"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:815
msgid "Flag"
msgstr "Flag"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:817
msgid ""
"The last variation is :class:`Flag`.  Like :class:`IntFlag`, :class:`Flag` "
"members can be combined using the bitwise operators (&, \\|, ^, ~).  Unlike :"
"class:`IntFlag`, they cannot be combined with, nor compared against, any "
"other :class:`Flag` enumeration, nor :class:`int`.  While it is possible to "
"specify the values directly it is recommended to use :class:`auto` as the "
"value and let :class:`Flag` select an appropriate value."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:826
msgid ""
"Like :class:`IntFlag`, if a combination of :class:`Flag` members results in "
"no flags being set, the boolean evaluation is :data:`False`::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:829
msgid ""
">>> from enum import Flag, auto\n"
">>> class Color(Flag):\n"
"...     RED = auto()\n"
"...     BLUE = auto()\n"
"...     GREEN = auto()\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.RED & Color.GREEN\n"
"<Color: 0>\n"
">>> bool(Color.RED & Color.GREEN)\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
">>> from enum import Flag, auto\n"
">>> class Color(Flag):\n"
"...     RED = auto()\n"
"...     BLUE = auto()\n"
"...     GREEN = auto()\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.RED & Color.GREEN\n"
"<Color: 0>\n"
">>> bool(Color.RED & Color.GREEN)\n"
"False"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:840
msgid ""
"Individual flags should have values that are powers of two (1, 2, 4, "
"8, ...), while combinations of flags will not::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:843
msgid ""
">>> class Color(Flag):\n"
"...     RED = auto()\n"
"...     BLUE = auto()\n"
"...     GREEN = auto()\n"
"...     WHITE = RED | BLUE | GREEN\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.WHITE\n"
"<Color.WHITE: 7>"
msgstr ""
">>> class Color(Flag):\n"
"...     RED = auto()\n"
"...     BLUE = auto()\n"
"...     GREEN = auto()\n"
"...     WHITE = RED | BLUE | GREEN\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.WHITE\n"
"<Color.WHITE: 7>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:852
msgid ""
"Giving a name to the \"no flags set\" condition does not change its boolean "
"value::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:855
msgid ""
">>> class Color(Flag):\n"
"...     BLACK = 0\n"
"...     RED = auto()\n"
"...     BLUE = auto()\n"
"...     GREEN = auto()\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.BLACK\n"
"<Color.BLACK: 0>\n"
">>> bool(Color.BLACK)\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
">>> class Color(Flag):\n"
"...     BLACK = 0\n"
"...     RED = auto()\n"
"...     BLUE = auto()\n"
"...     GREEN = auto()\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.BLACK\n"
"<Color.BLACK: 0>\n"
">>> bool(Color.BLACK)\n"
"False"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:866
msgid ":class:`Flag` members can also be iterated over::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:868
msgid ""
">>> purple = Color.RED | Color.BLUE\n"
">>> list(purple)\n"
"[<Color.RED: 1>, <Color.BLUE: 2>]"
msgstr ""
">>> purple = Color.RED | Color.BLUE\n"
">>> list(purple)\n"
"[<Color.RED: 1>, <Color.BLUE: 2>]"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:876
msgid ""
"For the majority of new code, :class:`Enum` and :class:`Flag` are strongly "
"recommended, since :class:`IntEnum` and :class:`IntFlag` break some semantic "
"promises of an enumeration (by being comparable to integers, and thus by "
"transitivity to other unrelated enumerations).  :class:`IntEnum` and :class:"
"`IntFlag` should be used only in cases where :class:`Enum` and :class:`Flag` "
"will not do; for example, when integer constants are replaced with "
"enumerations, or for interoperability with other systems."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:886
msgid "Others"
msgstr "其他"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:888
msgid ""
"While :class:`IntEnum` is part of the :mod:`enum` module, it would be very "
"simple to implement independently::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:891
msgid ""
"class IntEnum(int, ReprEnum):   # or Enum instead of ReprEnum\n"
"    pass"
msgstr ""
"class IntEnum(int, ReprEnum):   # 或用 Enum 取代 ReprEnum\n"
"    pass"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:894
msgid ""
"This demonstrates how similar derived enumerations can be defined; for "
"example a :class:`!FloatEnum` that mixes in :class:`float` instead of :class:"
"`int`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:897
msgid "Some rules:"
msgstr "一些規則："

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:899
msgid ""
"When subclassing :class:`Enum`, mix-in types must appear before the :class:"
"`Enum` class itself in the sequence of bases, as in the :class:`IntEnum` "
"example above."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:902
msgid ""
"Mix-in types must be subclassable. For example, :class:`bool` and :class:"
"`range` are not subclassable and will throw an error during Enum creation if "
"used as the mix-in type."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:905
msgid ""
"While :class:`Enum` can have members of any type, once you mix in an "
"additional type, all the members must have values of that type, e.g. :class:"
"`int` above.  This restriction does not apply to mix-ins which only add "
"methods and don't specify another type."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:909
msgid ""
"When another data type is mixed in, the :attr:`~Enum.value` attribute is "
"*not the same* as the enum member itself, although it is equivalent and will "
"compare equal."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:912
msgid ""
"A ``data type`` is a mixin that defines :meth:`~object.__new__`, or a :class:"
"`~dataclasses.dataclass`"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:914
msgid ""
"%-style formatting:  ``%s`` and ``%r`` call the :class:`Enum` class's :meth:"
"`~object.__str__` and :meth:`~object.__repr__` respectively; other codes "
"(such as ``%i`` or ``%h`` for IntEnum) treat the enum member as its mixed-in "
"type."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:917
msgid ""
":ref:`Formatted string literals <f-strings>`, :meth:`str.format`, and :func:"
"`format` will use the enum's :meth:`~object.__str__` method."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:922
msgid ""
"Because :class:`IntEnum`, :class:`IntFlag`, and :class:`StrEnum` are "
"designed to be drop-in replacements for existing constants, their :meth:"
"`~object.__str__` method has been reset to their data types' :meth:`~object."
"__str__` method."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:930
msgid "When to use :meth:`~object.__new__` vs. :meth:`~object.__init__`"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:932
msgid ""
":meth:`~object.__new__` must be used whenever you want to customize the "
"actual value of the :class:`Enum` member.  Any other modifications may go in "
"either :meth:`~object.__new__` or :meth:`~object.__init__`, with :meth:"
"`~object.__init__` being preferred."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:936
msgid ""
"For example, if you want to pass several items to the constructor, but only "
"want one of them to be the value::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:939
msgid ""
">>> class Coordinate(bytes, Enum):\n"
"...     \"\"\"\n"
"...     Coordinate with binary codes that can be indexed by the int code.\n"
"...     \"\"\"\n"
"...     def __new__(cls, value, label, unit):\n"
"...         obj = bytes.__new__(cls, [value])\n"
"...         obj._value_ = value\n"
"...         obj.label = label\n"
"...         obj.unit = unit\n"
"...         return obj\n"
"...     PX = (0, 'P.X', 'km')\n"
"...     PY = (1, 'P.Y', 'km')\n"
"...     VX = (2, 'V.X', 'km/s')\n"
"...     VY = (3, 'V.Y', 'km/s')\n"
"...\n"
"\n"
">>> print(Coordinate['PY'])\n"
"Coordinate.PY\n"
"\n"
">>> print(Coordinate(3))\n"
"Coordinate.VY"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:963
msgid ""
"*Do not* call ``super().__new__()``, as the lookup-only ``__new__`` is the "
"one that is found; instead, use the data type directly."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:968
msgid "Finer Points"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:971
msgid "Supported ``__dunder__`` names"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:973
msgid ""
":attr:`~enum.EnumType.__members__` is a read-only ordered mapping of "
"``member_name``:``member`` items.  It is only available on the class."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:976
msgid ""
":meth:`~object.__new__`, if specified, must create and return the enum "
"members; it is also a very good idea to set the member's :attr:`~Enum."
"_value_` appropriately.  Once all the members are created it is no longer "
"used."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:982
msgid "Supported ``_sunder_`` names"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:984
msgid ":attr:`~Enum._name_` -- name of the member"
msgstr ":attr:`~Enum._name_` -- 成員的名稱"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:985
msgid ":attr:`~Enum._value_` -- value of the member; can be set in ``__new__``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:986
msgid ""
":meth:`~Enum._missing_` -- a lookup function used when a value is not found; "
"may be overridden"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:988
msgid ""
":attr:`~Enum._ignore_` -- a list of names, either as a :class:`list` or a :"
"class:`str`, that will not be transformed into members, and will be removed "
"from the final class"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:991
msgid ""
":meth:`~Enum._generate_next_value_` -- used to get an appropriate value for "
"an enum member; may be overridden"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:993
msgid ""
":meth:`~EnumType._add_alias_` -- adds a new name as an alias to an existing "
"member."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:995
msgid ""
":meth:`~EnumType._add_value_alias_` -- adds a new value as an alias to an "
"existing member.  See `MultiValueEnum`_ for an example."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1000
msgid ""
"For standard :class:`Enum` classes the next value chosen is the highest "
"value seen incremented by one."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1003
msgid ""
"For :class:`Flag` classes the next value chosen will be the next highest "
"power-of-two."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1006
msgid ""
"Prior versions would use the last seen value instead of the highest value."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1009
msgid "``_missing_``, ``_order_``, ``_generate_next_value_``"
msgstr "``_missing_``、``_order_``、``_generate_next_value_``"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1010
msgid "``_ignore_``"
msgstr "``_ignore_``"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1011
msgid "``_add_alias_``, ``_add_value_alias_``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1013
msgid ""
"To help keep Python 2 / Python 3 code in sync an :attr:`~Enum._order_` "
"attribute can be provided.  It will be checked against the actual order of "
"the enumeration and raise an error if the two do not match::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1017
msgid ""
">>> class Color(Enum):\n"
"...     _order_ = 'RED GREEN BLUE'\n"
"...     RED = 1\n"
"...     BLUE = 3\n"
"...     GREEN = 2\n"
"...\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"...\n"
"TypeError: member order does not match _order_:\n"
"  ['RED', 'BLUE', 'GREEN']\n"
"  ['RED', 'GREEN', 'BLUE']"
msgstr ""
">>> class Color(Enum):\n"
"...     _order_ = 'RED GREEN BLUE'\n"
"...     RED = 1\n"
"...     BLUE = 3\n"
"...     GREEN = 2\n"
"...\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"...\n"
"TypeError: member order does not match _order_:\n"
"  ['RED', 'BLUE', 'GREEN']\n"
"  ['RED', 'GREEN', 'BLUE']"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1031
msgid ""
"In Python 2 code the :attr:`~Enum._order_` attribute is necessary as "
"definition order is lost before it can be recorded."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1036
msgid "_Private__names"
msgstr "_Private__names"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1038
msgid ""
":ref:`Private names <private-name-mangling>` are not converted to enum "
"members, but remain normal attributes."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1045
msgid "``Enum`` member type"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1047
msgid ""
"Enum members are instances of their enum class, and are normally accessed as "
"``EnumClass.member``.  In certain situations, such as writing custom enum "
"behavior, being able to access one member directly from another is useful, "
"and is supported; however, in order to avoid name clashes between member "
"names and attributes/methods from mixed-in classes, upper-case names are "
"strongly recommended."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1058
msgid "Creating members that are mixed with other data types"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1060
msgid ""
"When subclassing other data types, such as :class:`int` or :class:`str`, "
"with an :class:`Enum`, all values after the ``=`` are passed to that data "
"type's constructor.  For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1064
msgid ""
">>> class MyEnum(IntEnum):      # help(int) -> int(x, base=10) -> integer\n"
"...     example = '11', 16      # so x='11' and base=16\n"
"...\n"
">>> MyEnum.example.value        # and hex(11) is...\n"
"17"
msgstr ""
">>> class MyEnum(IntEnum):      # help(int) -> int(x, base=10) -> integer\n"
"...     example = '11', 16      # 所以 x='11' 且 base=16\n"
"...\n"
">>> MyEnum.example.value        # 且 hex(11) 為...\n"
"17"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1072
msgid "Boolean value of ``Enum`` classes and members"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1074
msgid ""
"Enum classes that are mixed with non-:class:`Enum` types (such as :class:"
"`int`, :class:`str`, etc.) are evaluated according to the mixed-in type's "
"rules; otherwise, all members evaluate as :data:`True`.  To make your own "
"enum's boolean evaluation depend on the member's value add the following to "
"your class::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1080
msgid ""
"def __bool__(self):\n"
"    return bool(self.value)"
msgstr ""
"def __bool__(self):\n"
"    return bool(self.value)"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1083
msgid "Plain :class:`Enum` classes always evaluate as :data:`True`."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1087
msgid "``Enum`` classes with methods"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1089
msgid ""
"If you give your enum subclass extra methods, like the `Planet`_ class "
"below, those methods will show up in a :func:`dir` of the member, but not of "
"the class::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1093
msgid ""
">>> dir(Planet)                         \n"
"['EARTH', 'JUPITER', 'MARS', 'MERCURY', 'NEPTUNE', 'SATURN', 'URANUS', "
"'VENUS', '__class__', '__doc__', '__members__', '__module__']\n"
">>> dir(Planet.EARTH)                   \n"
"['__class__', '__doc__', '__module__', 'mass', 'name', 'radius', "
"'surface_gravity', 'value']"
msgstr ""
">>> dir(Planet)                         \n"
"['EARTH', 'JUPITER', 'MARS', 'MERCURY', 'NEPTUNE', 'SATURN', 'URANUS', "
"'VENUS', '__class__', '__doc__', '__members__', '__module__']\n"
">>> dir(Planet.EARTH)                   \n"
"['__class__', '__doc__', '__module__', 'mass', 'name', 'radius', "
"'surface_gravity', 'value']"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1100
msgid "Combining members of ``Flag``"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1102
msgid ""
"Iterating over a combination of :class:`Flag` members will only return the "
"members that are comprised of a single bit::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1105
msgid ""
">>> class Color(Flag):\n"
"...     RED = auto()\n"
"...     GREEN = auto()\n"
"...     BLUE = auto()\n"
"...     MAGENTA = RED | BLUE\n"
"...     YELLOW = RED | GREEN\n"
"...     CYAN = GREEN | BLUE\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color(3)  # named combination\n"
"<Color.YELLOW: 3>\n"
">>> Color(7)      # not named combination\n"
"<Color.RED|GREEN|BLUE: 7>"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1120
msgid "``Flag`` and ``IntFlag`` minutia"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1122
msgid "Using the following snippet for our examples::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1124
msgid ""
">>> class Color(IntFlag):\n"
"...     BLACK = 0\n"
"...     RED = 1\n"
"...     GREEN = 2\n"
"...     BLUE = 4\n"
"...     PURPLE = RED | BLUE\n"
"...     WHITE = RED | GREEN | BLUE\n"
"..."
msgstr ""
">>> class Color(IntFlag):\n"
"...     BLACK = 0\n"
"...     RED = 1\n"
"...     GREEN = 2\n"
"...     BLUE = 4\n"
"...     PURPLE = RED | BLUE\n"
"...     WHITE = RED | GREEN | BLUE\n"
"..."

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1133
msgid "the following are true:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1135
msgid "single-bit flags are canonical"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1136
msgid "multi-bit and zero-bit flags are aliases"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1137
msgid "only canonical flags are returned during iteration::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1139
msgid ""
">>> list(Color.WHITE)\n"
"[<Color.RED: 1>, <Color.GREEN: 2>, <Color.BLUE: 4>]"
msgstr ""
">>> list(Color.WHITE)\n"
"[<Color.RED: 1>, <Color.GREEN: 2>, <Color.BLUE: 4>]"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1142
msgid ""
"negating a flag or flag set returns a new flag/flag set with the "
"corresponding positive integer value::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1145
msgid ""
">>> Color.BLUE\n"
"<Color.BLUE: 4>\n"
"\n"
">>> ~Color.BLUE\n"
"<Color.RED|GREEN: 3>"
msgstr ""
">>> Color.BLUE\n"
"<Color.BLUE: 4>\n"
"\n"
">>> ~Color.BLUE\n"
"<Color.RED|GREEN: 3>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1151
msgid "names of pseudo-flags are constructed from their members' names::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1153
msgid ""
">>> (Color.RED | Color.GREEN).name\n"
"'RED|GREEN'\n"
"\n"
">>> class Perm(IntFlag):\n"
"...     R = 4\n"
"...     W = 2\n"
"...     X = 1\n"
"...\n"
">>> (Perm.R & Perm.W).name is None  # effectively Perm(0)\n"
"True"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1164
msgid "multi-bit flags, aka aliases, can be returned from operations::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1166
msgid ""
">>> Color.RED | Color.BLUE\n"
"<Color.PURPLE: 5>\n"
"\n"
">>> Color(7)  # or Color(-1)\n"
"<Color.WHITE: 7>\n"
"\n"
">>> Color(0)\n"
"<Color.BLACK: 0>"
msgstr ""
">>> Color.RED | Color.BLUE\n"
"<Color.PURPLE: 5>\n"
"\n"
">>> Color(7)  # 或 Color(-1)\n"
"<Color.WHITE: 7>\n"
"\n"
">>> Color(0)\n"
"<Color.BLACK: 0>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1175
msgid ""
"membership / containment checking: zero-valued flags are always considered "
"to be contained::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1178
msgid ""
">>> Color.BLACK in Color.WHITE\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> Color.BLACK in Color.WHITE\n"
"True"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1181
msgid ""
"otherwise, only if all bits of one flag are in the other flag will True be "
"returned::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1184
msgid ""
">>> Color.PURPLE in Color.WHITE\n"
"True\n"
"\n"
">>> Color.GREEN in Color.PURPLE\n"
"False"
msgstr ""
">>> Color.PURPLE in Color.WHITE\n"
"True\n"
"\n"
">>> Color.GREEN in Color.PURPLE\n"
"False"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1190
msgid ""
"There is a new boundary mechanism that controls how out-of-range / invalid "
"bits are handled: ``STRICT``, ``CONFORM``, ``EJECT``, and ``KEEP``:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1193
msgid "STRICT --> raises an exception when presented with invalid values"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1194
msgid "CONFORM --> discards any invalid bits"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1195
msgid "EJECT --> lose Flag status and become a normal int with the given value"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1196
msgid "KEEP --> keep the extra bits"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1198
msgid "keeps Flag status and extra bits"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1199
msgid "extra bits do not show up in iteration"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1200
msgid "extra bits do show up in repr() and str()"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1202
msgid ""
"The default for Flag is ``STRICT``, the default for ``IntFlag`` is "
"``EJECT``, and the default for ``_convert_`` is ``KEEP`` (see ``ssl."
"Options`` for an example of when ``KEEP`` is needed)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1210
msgid "How are Enums and Flags different?"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1212
msgid ""
"Enums have a custom metaclass that affects many aspects of both derived :"
"class:`Enum` classes and their instances (members)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1217
msgid "Enum Classes"
msgstr "Enum 類別"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1219
msgid ""
"The :class:`EnumType` metaclass is responsible for providing the :meth:"
"`~object.__contains__`, :meth:`~object.__dir__`, :meth:`~object.__iter__` "
"and other methods that allow one to do things with an :class:`Enum` class "
"that fail on a typical class, such as ``list(Color)`` or ``some_enum_var in "
"Color``.  :class:`EnumType` is responsible for ensuring that various other "
"methods on the final :class:`Enum` class are correct (such as :meth:`~object."
"__new__`, :meth:`~object.__getnewargs__`, :meth:`~object.__str__` and :meth:"
"`~object.__repr__`)."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1228
msgid "Flag Classes"
msgstr "Flag 類別"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1230
msgid ""
"Flags have an expanded view of aliasing: to be canonical, the value of a "
"flag needs to be a power-of-two value, and not a duplicate name.  So, in "
"addition to the :class:`Enum` definition of alias, a flag with no value (a.k."
"a. ``0``) or with more than one power-of-two value (e.g. ``3``) is "
"considered an alias."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1236
msgid "Enum Members (aka instances)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1238
msgid ""
"The most interesting thing about enum members is that they are singletons. :"
"class:`EnumType` creates them all while it is creating the enum class "
"itself, and then puts a custom :meth:`~object.__new__` in place to ensure "
"that no new ones are ever instantiated by returning only the existing member "
"instances."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1244
msgid "Flag Members"
msgstr "Flag 成員"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1246
msgid ""
"Flag members can be iterated over just like the :class:`Flag` class, and "
"only the canonical members will be returned.  For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1249
msgid ""
">>> list(Color)\n"
"[<Color.RED: 1>, <Color.GREEN: 2>, <Color.BLUE: 4>]"
msgstr ""
">>> list(Color)\n"
"[<Color.RED: 1>, <Color.GREEN: 2>, <Color.BLUE: 4>]"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1252
msgid "(Note that ``BLACK``, ``PURPLE``, and ``WHITE`` do not show up.)"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1254
msgid ""
"Inverting a flag member returns the corresponding positive value, rather "
"than a negative value --- for example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1257
msgid ""
">>> ~Color.RED\n"
"<Color.GREEN|BLUE: 6>"
msgstr ""
">>> ~Color.RED\n"
"<Color.GREEN|BLUE: 6>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1260
msgid ""
"Flag members have a length corresponding to the number of power-of-two "
"values they contain.  For example::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1263
msgid ""
">>> len(Color.PURPLE)\n"
"2"
msgstr ""
">>> len(Color.PURPLE)\n"
"2"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1270
msgid "Enum Cookbook"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1273
msgid ""
"While :class:`Enum`, :class:`IntEnum`, :class:`StrEnum`, :class:`Flag`, and :"
"class:`IntFlag` are expected to cover the majority of use-cases, they cannot "
"cover them all.  Here are recipes for some different types of enumerations "
"that can be used directly, or as examples for creating one's own."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1280
msgid "Omitting values"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1282
msgid ""
"In many use-cases, one doesn't care what the actual value of an enumeration "
"is. There are several ways to define this type of simple enumeration:"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1285
msgid "use instances of :class:`auto` for the value"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1286
msgid "use instances of :class:`object` as the value"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1287
msgid "use a descriptive string as the value"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1288
msgid ""
"use a tuple as the value and a custom :meth:`~object.__new__` to replace the "
"tuple with an :class:`int` value"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1291
msgid ""
"Using any of these methods signifies to the user that these values are not "
"important, and also enables one to add, remove, or reorder members without "
"having to renumber the remaining members."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1297
msgid "Using :class:`auto`"
msgstr "使用 :class:`auto`"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1299
msgid "Using :class:`auto` would look like::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1301
msgid ""
">>> class Color(Enum):\n"
"...     RED = auto()\n"
"...     BLUE = auto()\n"
"...     GREEN = auto()\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.GREEN\n"
"<Color.GREEN: 3>"
msgstr ""
">>> class Color(Enum):\n"
"...     RED = auto()\n"
"...     BLUE = auto()\n"
"...     GREEN = auto()\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.GREEN\n"
"<Color.GREEN: 3>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1311
msgid "Using :class:`object`"
msgstr "使用 :class:`object`"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1313
msgid "Using :class:`object` would look like::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1315
msgid ""
">>> class Color(Enum):\n"
"...     RED = object()\n"
"...     GREEN = object()\n"
"...     BLUE = object()\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.GREEN                         \n"
"<Color.GREEN: <object object at 0x...>>"
msgstr ""
">>> class Color(Enum):\n"
"...     RED = object()\n"
"...     GREEN = object()\n"
"...     BLUE = object()\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.GREEN                         \n"
"<Color.GREEN: <object object at 0x...>>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1323
msgid ""
"This is also a good example of why you might want to write your own :meth:"
"`~object.__repr__`::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1326
msgid ""
">>> class Color(Enum):\n"
"...     RED = object()\n"
"...     GREEN = object()\n"
"...     BLUE = object()\n"
"...     def __repr__(self):\n"
"...         return \"<%s.%s>\" % (self.__class__.__name__, self._name_)\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.GREEN\n"
"<Color.GREEN>"
msgstr ""
">>> class Color(Enum):\n"
"...     RED = object()\n"
"...     GREEN = object()\n"
"...     BLUE = object()\n"
"...     def __repr__(self):\n"
"...         return \"<%s.%s>\" % (self.__class__.__name__, self._name_)\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.GREEN\n"
"<Color.GREEN>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1339
msgid "Using a descriptive string"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1341
msgid "Using a string as the value would look like::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1343
msgid ""
">>> class Color(Enum):\n"
"...     RED = 'stop'\n"
"...     GREEN = 'go'\n"
"...     BLUE = 'too fast!'\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.GREEN\n"
"<Color.GREEN: 'go'>"
msgstr ""
">>> class Color(Enum):\n"
"...     RED = 'stop'\n"
"...     GREEN = 'go'\n"
"...     BLUE = 'too fast!'\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.GREEN\n"
"<Color.GREEN: 'go'>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1353
msgid "Using a custom :meth:`~object.__new__`"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1355
msgid "Using an auto-numbering :meth:`~object.__new__` would look like::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1357
msgid ""
">>> class AutoNumber(Enum):\n"
"...     def __new__(cls):\n"
"...         value = len(cls.__members__) + 1\n"
"...         obj = object.__new__(cls)\n"
"...         obj._value_ = value\n"
"...         return obj\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Color(AutoNumber):\n"
"...     RED = ()\n"
"...     GREEN = ()\n"
"...     BLUE = ()\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.GREEN\n"
"<Color.GREEN: 2>"
msgstr ""
">>> class AutoNumber(Enum):\n"
"...     def __new__(cls):\n"
"...         value = len(cls.__members__) + 1\n"
"...         obj = object.__new__(cls)\n"
"...         obj._value_ = value\n"
"...         return obj\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Color(AutoNumber):\n"
"...     RED = ()\n"
"...     GREEN = ()\n"
"...     BLUE = ()\n"
"...\n"
">>> Color.GREEN\n"
"<Color.GREEN: 2>"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1372
msgid ""
"To make a more general purpose ``AutoNumber``, add ``*args`` to the "
"signature::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1374
msgid ""
">>> class AutoNumber(Enum):\n"
"...     def __new__(cls, *args):      # this is the only change from above\n"
"...         value = len(cls.__members__) + 1\n"
"...         obj = object.__new__(cls)\n"
"...         obj._value_ = value\n"
"...         return obj\n"
"..."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1382
msgid ""
"Then when you inherit from ``AutoNumber`` you can write your own "
"``__init__`` to handle any extra arguments::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1385
msgid ""
">>> class Swatch(AutoNumber):\n"
"...     def __init__(self, pantone='unknown'):\n"
"...         self.pantone = pantone\n"
"...     AUBURN = '3497'\n"
"...     SEA_GREEN = '1246'\n"
"...     BLEACHED_CORAL = () # New color, no Pantone code yet!\n"
"...\n"
">>> Swatch.SEA_GREEN\n"
"<Swatch.SEA_GREEN: 2>\n"
">>> Swatch.SEA_GREEN.pantone\n"
"'1246'\n"
">>> Swatch.BLEACHED_CORAL.pantone\n"
"'unknown'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1401
msgid ""
"The :meth:`~object.__new__` method, if defined, is used during creation of "
"the Enum members; it is then replaced by Enum's :meth:`~object.__new__` "
"which is used after class creation for lookup of existing members."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1407
msgid ""
"*Do not* call ``super().__new__()``, as the lookup-only ``__new__`` is the "
"one that is found; instead, use the data type directly -- e.g.::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1410
msgid "obj = int.__new__(cls, value)"
msgstr "obj = int.__new__(cls, value)"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1414
msgid "OrderedEnum"
msgstr "OrderedEnum"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1416
msgid ""
"An ordered enumeration that is not based on :class:`IntEnum` and so "
"maintains the normal :class:`Enum` invariants (such as not being comparable "
"to other enumerations)::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1420
msgid ""
">>> class OrderedEnum(Enum):\n"
"...     def __ge__(self, other):\n"
"...         if self.__class__ is other.__class__:\n"
"...             return self.value >= other.value\n"
"...         return NotImplemented\n"
"...     def __gt__(self, other):\n"
"...         if self.__class__ is other.__class__:\n"
"...             return self.value > other.value\n"
"...         return NotImplemented\n"
"...     def __le__(self, other):\n"
"...         if self.__class__ is other.__class__:\n"
"...             return self.value <= other.value\n"
"...         return NotImplemented\n"
"...     def __lt__(self, other):\n"
"...         if self.__class__ is other.__class__:\n"
"...             return self.value < other.value\n"
"...         return NotImplemented\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Grade(OrderedEnum):\n"
"...     A = 5\n"
"...     B = 4\n"
"...     C = 3\n"
"...     D = 2\n"
"...     F = 1\n"
"...\n"
">>> Grade.C < Grade.A\n"
"True"
msgstr ""
">>> class OrderedEnum(Enum):\n"
"...     def __ge__(self, other):\n"
"...         if self.__class__ is other.__class__:\n"
"...             return self.value >= other.value\n"
"...         return NotImplemented\n"
"...     def __gt__(self, other):\n"
"...         if self.__class__ is other.__class__:\n"
"...             return self.value > other.value\n"
"...         return NotImplemented\n"
"...     def __le__(self, other):\n"
"...         if self.__class__ is other.__class__:\n"
"...             return self.value <= other.value\n"
"...         return NotImplemented\n"
"...     def __lt__(self, other):\n"
"...         if self.__class__ is other.__class__:\n"
"...             return self.value < other.value\n"
"...         return NotImplemented\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Grade(OrderedEnum):\n"
"...     A = 5\n"
"...     B = 4\n"
"...     C = 3\n"
"...     D = 2\n"
"...     F = 1\n"
"...\n"
">>> Grade.C < Grade.A\n"
"True"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1450
msgid "DuplicateFreeEnum"
msgstr "DuplicateFreeEnum"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1452
msgid ""
"Raises an error if a duplicate member value is found instead of creating an "
"alias::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1455
msgid ""
">>> class DuplicateFreeEnum(Enum):\n"
"...     def __init__(self, *args):\n"
"...         cls = self.__class__\n"
"...         if any(self.value == e.value for e in cls):\n"
"...             a = self.name\n"
"...             e = cls(self.value).name\n"
"...             raise ValueError(\n"
"...                 \"aliases not allowed in DuplicateFreeEnum:  %r --> "
"%r\"\n"
"...                 % (a, e))\n"
"...\n"
">>> class Color(DuplicateFreeEnum):\n"
"...     RED = 1\n"
"...     GREEN = 2\n"
"...     BLUE = 3\n"
"...     GRENE = 2\n"
"...\n"
"Traceback (most recent call last):\n"
"  ...\n"
"ValueError: aliases not allowed in DuplicateFreeEnum:  'GRENE' --> 'GREEN'"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1477
msgid ""
"This is a useful example for subclassing Enum to add or change other "
"behaviors as well as disallowing aliases.  If the only desired change is "
"disallowing aliases, the :func:`unique` decorator can be used instead."
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1483
msgid "MultiValueEnum"
msgstr "MultiValueEnum"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1485
msgid "Supports having more than one value per member::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1487
msgid ""
">>> class MultiValueEnum(Enum):\n"
"...     def __new__(cls, value, *values):\n"
"...         self = object.__new__(cls)\n"
"...         self._value_ = value\n"
"...         for v in values:\n"
"...             self._add_value_alias_(v)\n"
"...         return self\n"
"...\n"
">>> class DType(MultiValueEnum):\n"
"...     float32 = 'f', 8\n"
"...     double64 = 'd', 9\n"
"...\n"
">>> DType('f')\n"
"<DType.float32: 'f'>\n"
">>> DType(9)\n"
"<DType.double64: 'd'>"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1506
msgid "Planet"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1508
msgid ""
"If :meth:`~object.__new__` or :meth:`~object.__init__` is defined, the value "
"of the enum member will be passed to those methods::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1511
msgid ""
">>> class Planet(Enum):\n"
"...     MERCURY = (3.303e+23, 2.4397e6)\n"
"...     VENUS   = (4.869e+24, 6.0518e6)\n"
"...     EARTH   = (5.976e+24, 6.37814e6)\n"
"...     MARS    = (6.421e+23, 3.3972e6)\n"
"...     JUPITER = (1.9e+27,   7.1492e7)\n"
"...     SATURN  = (5.688e+26, 6.0268e7)\n"
"...     URANUS  = (8.686e+25, 2.5559e7)\n"
"...     NEPTUNE = (1.024e+26, 2.4746e7)\n"
"...     def __init__(self, mass, radius):\n"
"...         self.mass = mass       # in kilograms\n"
"...         self.radius = radius   # in meters\n"
"...     @property\n"
"...     def surface_gravity(self):\n"
"...         # universal gravitational constant  (m3 kg-1 s-2)\n"
"...         G = 6.67300E-11\n"
"...         return G * self.mass / (self.radius * self.radius)\n"
"...\n"
">>> Planet.EARTH.value\n"
"(5.976e+24, 6378140.0)\n"
">>> Planet.EARTH.surface_gravity\n"
"9.802652743337129"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1537
msgid "TimePeriod"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1539
msgid "An example to show the :attr:`~Enum._ignore_` attribute in use::"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1541
msgid ""
">>> from datetime import timedelta\n"
">>> class Period(timedelta, Enum):\n"
"...     \"different lengths of time\"\n"
"...     _ignore_ = 'Period i'\n"
"...     Period = vars()\n"
"...     for i in range(367):\n"
"...         Period['day_%d' % i] = i\n"
"...\n"
">>> list(Period)[:2]\n"
"[<Period.day_0: datetime.timedelta(0)>, <Period.day_1: datetime."
"timedelta(days=1)>]\n"
">>> list(Period)[-2:]\n"
"[<Period.day_365: datetime.timedelta(days=365)>, <Period.day_366: datetime."
"timedelta(days=366)>]"
msgstr ""

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1558
msgid "Subclassing EnumType"
msgstr "子類別化 EnumType"

#: ../../howto/enum.rst:1560
msgid ""
"While most enum needs can be met by customizing :class:`Enum` subclasses, "
"either with class decorators or custom functions, :class:`EnumType` can be "
"subclassed to provide a different Enum experience."
msgstr ""