-
6-function arithmetic (
+,-,*,/,//,**) -
Unicode math operators (
×,÷,≠,≤,≥,∧,∨,∩,&,∪,|,^,∆,∈,∉) -
Additional operators
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?:ternary if-then-else (condition ? true-value : false-value)- conditions that evaluate to 0 or False will be treated as False
- conditions that evaluate to non-zero or True will be treated as True
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set operators
∩/&,∪/|,-,^/∆,∈/in,∉/not in-
sets are defined using
{,}symbols -
∩is intersection,∪is union -
&and|are equivalent to∩and∪ -
-is differnce -
^is symmetric difference -
∆is equivalent to^ -
∈isis element of,∉isis not element of1 ∈ {1, 2, 3} ∪ {10, 11, 12} evaluates True 1 ∉ {1, 2, 3} ∩ {10, 11, 12} evaluates True -
{}is the empty set -
inandnot inare equivalent to∈and∉ -
sets can be nested, and can be used as arguments to functions:
{{1,2}, {3,4}} max({1, 100, 1000}) evaluates 1000
-
-
not, and, or -
mod -
|x|- absolute value -abs(x) -
°- degree (convert to radians) -
!- factorial -
√- square root (can be used as a unary or binary operator) -
⁻¹- superscript (-1) -x**(-1) or 1/x -
⁰- superscript 0 -x**0 -
¹- superscript 1 -x**1 -
²- superscript 2 -x**2 -
³- superscript 3 -x**3
-
|x|
{}
∩ & ∪ | - ^ ∆
°
!
√ ²√ ³√ ⁴√ ⁵√ ⁶√ ⁷√ ⁸√ ⁹√
⁻¹ ⁰ ¹ ² ³
!
leading '-'
**
* / // × ÷ mod
+ -
< > <= >= == != ≠ ≤ ≥
in, not in, ∈ ∉
not
and ∧
or ∨
?:
|x|
sgn min asin rad gcd
abs max acos deg lcm
round str atan ln gamma
trunc sin sinh log hypot
ceil cos cosh log2 rnd
floor tan tanh log10
e = 2.718281828459045
π = 3.141592653589793
pi = 3.141592653589793
τ = 6.283185307179586
tau = 6.283185307179586
φ = 1.618033988749895
ϕ = 1.618033988749895
phi = 1.618033988749895
You can define your own variables using assignment statements:
x = 10000
y = √x
θ = 45°
Variable names may be defined using any of the following characters:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z _
À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Ç È É Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï Ð Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù Ú Û Ü Ý Þ ß
à á â ã ä å æ ç è é ê ë ì í î ï ß ð ñ ò ó ô õ ö ø ù ú û ü ý þ ÿ ª º
Α Β Γ Δ Ε Ζ Η Θ Ι Κ Λ Μ Ν Ξ Ο Π Ρ Σ Τ Υ Φ Χ Ψ Ω
α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ ν ξ ο π ρ σ τ υ φ χ ψ ω
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
(Numeric digits may not be used as the first character of a name.)
Trailing subscripts using subscript digits ₀₁₂₃₄₅₆₇₈₉ can be added to any variable
name (the subscripts do
not reflect any ordering or array storage of values, they are merely additional
characters you may use at the end of a variable name):
x₁ = 1
y₁ = 2
Multiple assignments can be made using lists of variable names and corresponding lists of expressions (lists must be of matching lengths).
x₁, y₁ = 1, 2
x₂, y₂ = 4, 0
a, b, c = 1, 2, a+b
Expressions and assignments are made respectively from left-to-right. The third expression above is evaluated in this order:
a = 1
b = 2
c = a + b
Variables can be cleared by leaving the right-side of the assignment empty:
a, b = 1, 2
c = a + b -> 3
a = -> clears variable a
c = a + b -> NameError
A formula assignment uses @= to assign an expression to a variable:
area @= π × r²
As the value of r is updated, each evaluation of area will recalculate the given formula.
Note: Formula assignments may only reference variables and functions, but not other formula variables.
sin(pi/2)
sin(π/2)
sin(-π/2)
sin(30)
sin(rad(30))
sin(30°)
c_temp = 37
F @= (c_temp × 9/5) + 32
x₁, y₁ = 1, 2
x₂, y₂ = 4, 0
dist @= √((x₂-x₁)² + (y₂-y₁)²)
a,b,c = 1,1,-12
r₀ @= (-b + √(b² - 4×a×c)) / (2×a)
r₁ @= (-b - √(b² - 4×a×c)) / (2×a)