Fix docstrings for pandas.Period.month (#59517)

* Fix docstrings for pandas.Period.month

* Fix docstrings for pandas.Period.month indentation

* Fix docstrings for pandas.Period.month

* Fix docstrings for pandas.Period.asfreq SA01

* Fix docstrings for pandas.Period.asfreq

* Fix docstrings ci error cython-lint

* Fix docstrings pre-commit.cierror

* Fix docstring validation error

* Fix docstring validation errors

Author: uditbaliyan

Diff for: ci/code_checks.sh

@@ -74,10 +74,8 @@ if [[ -z "$CHECK" || "$CHECK" == "docstrings" ]]; then
         -i "pandas.MultiIndex.to_frame RT03" \
         -i "pandas.NA SA01" \
         -i "pandas.NaT SA01" \
-        -i "pandas.Period.asfreq SA01" \
         -i "pandas.Period.freq GL08" \
         -i "pandas.Period.freqstr SA01" \
-        -i "pandas.Period.month SA01" \
         -i "pandas.Period.ordinal GL08" \
         -i "pandas.Period.strftime PR01,SA01" \
         -i "pandas.Period.to_timestamp SA01" \

Diff for: pandas/_libs/tslibs/period.pyx

@@ -1913,20 +1913,58 @@ cdef class _Period(PeriodMixin):
         Parameters
         ----------
         freq : str, BaseOffset
-            The desired frequency. If passing a `str`, it needs to be a
-            valid :ref:`period alias <timeseries.period_aliases>`.
+            The target frequency to convert the Period object to.
+            If a string is provided,
+            it must be a valid :ref:`period alias <timeseries.period_aliases>`.
+
         how : {'E', 'S', 'end', 'start'}, default 'end'
-            Start or end of the timespan.
+            Specifies whether to align the period to the start or end of the interval:
+            - 'E' or 'end': Align to the end of the interval.
+            - 'S' or 'start': Align to the start of the interval.
 
         Returns
         -------
-        resampled : Period
+        Period : Period object with the specified frequency, aligned to the parameter.
+
+        See Also
+        --------
+        Period.end_time : Return the end Timestamp.
+        Period.start_time : Return the start Timestamp.
+        Period.dayofyear : Return the day of the year.
+        Period.dayofweek : Return the day of the week.
 
         Examples
         --------
-        >>> period = pd.Period('2023-1-1', freq='D')
+        Convert a daily period to an hourly period, aligning to the end of the day:
+
+        >>> period = pd.Period('2023-01-01', freq='D')
         >>> period.asfreq('h')
         Period('2023-01-01 23:00', 'h')
+
+        Convert a monthly period to a daily period, aligning to the start of the month:
+
+        >>> period = pd.Period('2023-01', freq='M')
+        >>> period.asfreq('D', how='start')
+        Period('2023-01-01', 'D')
+
+        Convert a yearly period to a monthly period, aligning to the last month:
+
+        >>> period = pd.Period('2023', freq='Y')
+        >>> period.asfreq('M', how='end')
+        Period('2023-12', 'M')
+
+        Convert a monthly period to an hourly period,
+        aligning to the first day of the month:
+
+        >>> period = pd.Period('2023-01', freq='M')
+        >>> period.asfreq('h', how='start')
+        Period('2023-01-01 00:00', 'H')
+
+        Convert a weekly period to a daily period, aligning to the last day of the week:
+
+        >>> period = pd.Period('2023-08-01', freq='W')
+        >>> period.asfreq('D', how='end')
+        Period('2023-08-04', 'D')
         """
         freq = self._maybe_convert_freq(freq)
         how = validate_end_alias(how)
@@ -2014,11 +2052,45 @@ cdef class _Period(PeriodMixin):
         """
         Return the month this Period falls on.
 
+        Returns
+        -------
+        int
+
+        See Also
+        --------
+        period.week : Get the week of the year on the given Period.
+        Period.year : Return the year this Period falls on.
+        Period.day : Return the day of the month this Period falls on.
+
+        Notes
+        -----
+        The month is based on the `ordinal` and `base` attributes of the Period.
+
         Examples
         --------
+        Create a Period object for January 2022 and get the month:
+
         >>> period = pd.Period('2022-01', 'M')
         >>> period.month
         1
+
+        Period object with no specified frequency, resulting in a default frequency:
+
+        >>> period = pd.Period('2022', 'Y')
+        >>> period.month
+        12
+
+        Create a Period object with a specified frequency but an incomplete date string:
+
+        >>> period = pd.Period('2022', 'M')
+        >>> period.month
+        1
+
+        Handle a case where the Period object is empty, which results in `NaN`:
+
+        >>> period = pd.Period('nan', 'M')
+        >>> period.month
+        nan
         """
         base = self._dtype._dtype_code
         return pmonth(self.ordinal, base)