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<section id="test-support">
<span id="module-numpy.testing"></span><span id="routines-testing"></span><h1>Test support<a class="headerlink" href="#test-support" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h1>
<p>Common test support for all numpy test scripts.</p>
<p>This single module should provide all the common functionality for numpy
tests in a single location, so that <a class="reference internal" href="../dev/development_environment.html#development-environment"><span class="std std-ref">test scripts</span></a> can just import it and work right away. For
background, see the <a class="reference internal" href="testing.html#testing-guidelines"><span class="std std-ref">Testing guidelines</span></a></p>
<section id="asserts">
<h2>Asserts<a class="headerlink" href="#asserts" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<div class="pst-scrollable-table-container"><table class="autosummary longtable table autosummary">
<tbody>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_allclose.html#numpy.testing.assert_allclose" title="numpy.testing.assert_allclose"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_allclose</span></code></a>(actual, desired[, rtol, ...])</p></td>
<td><p>Raises an AssertionError if two objects are not equal up to desired tolerance.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_array_almost_equal_nulp.html#numpy.testing.assert_array_almost_equal_nulp" title="numpy.testing.assert_array_almost_equal_nulp"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_array_almost_equal_nulp</span></code></a>(x, y[, nulp])</p></td>
<td><p>Compare two arrays relatively to their spacing.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_array_max_ulp.html#numpy.testing.assert_array_max_ulp" title="numpy.testing.assert_array_max_ulp"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_array_max_ulp</span></code></a>(a, b[, maxulp, dtype])</p></td>
<td><p>Check that all items of arrays differ in at most N Units in the Last Place.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_array_equal.html#numpy.testing.assert_array_equal" title="numpy.testing.assert_array_equal"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_array_equal</span></code></a>(actual, desired[, ...])</p></td>
<td><p>Raises an AssertionError if two array_like objects are not equal.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_array_less.html#numpy.testing.assert_array_less" title="numpy.testing.assert_array_less"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_array_less</span></code></a>(x, y[, err_msg, verbose, ...])</p></td>
<td><p>Raises an AssertionError if two array_like objects are not ordered by less than.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_equal.html#numpy.testing.assert_equal" title="numpy.testing.assert_equal"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_equal</span></code></a>(actual, desired[, err_msg, ...])</p></td>
<td><p>Raises an AssertionError if two objects are not equal.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_raises.html#numpy.testing.assert_raises" title="numpy.testing.assert_raises"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_raises</span></code></a>(assert_raises)</p></td>
<td><p>Fail unless an exception of class exception_class is thrown by callable when invoked with arguments args and keyword arguments kwargs.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_raises_regex.html#numpy.testing.assert_raises_regex" title="numpy.testing.assert_raises_regex"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_raises_regex</span></code></a>(exception_class, ...)</p></td>
<td><p>Fail unless an exception of class exception_class and with message that matches expected_regexp is thrown by callable when invoked with arguments args and keyword arguments kwargs.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_warns.html#numpy.testing.assert_warns" title="numpy.testing.assert_warns"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_warns</span></code></a>(warning_class, *args, **kwargs)</p></td>
<td><p>Fail unless the given callable throws the specified warning.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_no_warnings.html#numpy.testing.assert_no_warnings" title="numpy.testing.assert_no_warnings"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_no_warnings</span></code></a>(*args, **kwargs)</p></td>
<td><p>Fail if the given callable produces any warnings.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_no_gc_cycles.html#numpy.testing.assert_no_gc_cycles" title="numpy.testing.assert_no_gc_cycles"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_no_gc_cycles</span></code></a>(*args, **kwargs)</p></td>
<td><p>Fail if the given callable produces any reference cycles.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_string_equal.html#numpy.testing.assert_string_equal" title="numpy.testing.assert_string_equal"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_string_equal</span></code></a>(actual, desired)</p></td>
<td><p>Test if two strings are equal.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</section>
<section id="asserts-not-recommended">
<h2>Asserts (not recommended)<a class="headerlink" href="#asserts-not-recommended" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>It is recommended to use one of <a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_allclose.html#numpy.testing.assert_allclose" title="numpy.testing.assert_allclose"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_allclose</span></code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_array_almost_equal_nulp.html#numpy.testing.assert_array_almost_equal_nulp" title="numpy.testing.assert_array_almost_equal_nulp"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_array_almost_equal_nulp</span></code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_array_max_ulp.html#numpy.testing.assert_array_max_ulp" title="numpy.testing.assert_array_max_ulp"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_array_max_ulp</span></code></a> instead of these
functions for more consistent floating point comparisons.</p>
<div class="pst-scrollable-table-container"><table class="autosummary longtable table autosummary">
<tbody>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_.html#numpy.testing.assert_" title="numpy.testing.assert_"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_</span></code></a>(val[, msg])</p></td>
<td><p>Assert that works in release mode.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_almost_equal.html#numpy.testing.assert_almost_equal" title="numpy.testing.assert_almost_equal"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_almost_equal</span></code></a>(actual, desired[, ...])</p></td>
<td><p>Raises an AssertionError if two items are not equal up to desired precision.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_approx_equal.html#numpy.testing.assert_approx_equal" title="numpy.testing.assert_approx_equal"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_approx_equal</span></code></a>(actual, desired[, ...])</p></td>
<td><p>Raises an AssertionError if two items are not equal up to significant digits.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.assert_array_almost_equal.html#numpy.testing.assert_array_almost_equal" title="numpy.testing.assert_array_almost_equal"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">assert_array_almost_equal</span></code></a>(actual, desired[, ...])</p></td>
<td><p>Raises an AssertionError if two objects are not equal up to desired precision.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.print_assert_equal.html#numpy.testing.print_assert_equal" title="numpy.testing.print_assert_equal"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">print_assert_equal</span></code></a>(test_string, actual, desired)</p></td>
<td><p>Test if two objects are equal, and print an error message if test fails.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</section>
<section id="decorators">
<h2>Decorators<a class="headerlink" href="#decorators" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<div class="pst-scrollable-table-container"><table class="autosummary longtable table autosummary">
<tbody>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.decorate_methods.html#numpy.testing.decorate_methods" title="numpy.testing.decorate_methods"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">decorate_methods</span></code></a>(cls, decorator[, testmatch])</p></td>
<td><p>Apply a decorator to all methods in a class matching a regular expression.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</section>
<section id="test-running">
<h2>Test running<a class="headerlink" href="#test-running" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<div class="pst-scrollable-table-container"><table class="autosummary longtable table autosummary">
<tbody>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.clear_and_catch_warnings.html#numpy.testing.clear_and_catch_warnings" title="numpy.testing.clear_and_catch_warnings"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">clear_and_catch_warnings</span></code></a>([record, modules])</p></td>
<td><p>Context manager that resets warning registry for catching warnings</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.measure.html#numpy.testing.measure" title="numpy.testing.measure"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">measure</span></code></a>(code_str[, times, label])</p></td>
<td><p>Return elapsed time for executing code in the namespace of the caller.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.rundocs.html#numpy.testing.rundocs" title="numpy.testing.rundocs"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rundocs</span></code></a>([filename, raise_on_error])</p></td>
<td><p>Run doctests found in the given file.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.suppress_warnings.html#numpy.testing.suppress_warnings" title="numpy.testing.suppress_warnings"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">suppress_warnings</span></code></a>([forwarding_rule])</p></td>
<td><p>Context manager and decorator doing much the same as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">warnings.catch_warnings</span></code>.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</section>
<section id="testing-custom-array-containers-numpy-testing-overrides">
<span id="module-numpy.testing.overrides"></span><h2>Testing custom array containers (<a class="reference internal" href="#module-numpy.testing.overrides" title="numpy.testing.overrides"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">numpy.testing.overrides</span></code></a>)<a class="headerlink" href="#testing-custom-array-containers-numpy-testing-overrides" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>These functions can be useful when testing custom array container
implementations which make use of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__array_ufunc__</span></code>/<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__array_function__</span></code>.</p>
<div class="pst-scrollable-table-container"><table class="autosummary longtable table autosummary">
<tbody>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.overrides.allows_array_function_override.html#numpy.testing.overrides.allows_array_function_override" title="numpy.testing.overrides.allows_array_function_override"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">allows_array_function_override</span></code></a>(func)</p></td>
<td><p>Determine if a Numpy function can be overridden via <em class="xref py py-obj">__array_function__</em></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.overrides.allows_array_ufunc_override.html#numpy.testing.overrides.allows_array_ufunc_override" title="numpy.testing.overrides.allows_array_ufunc_override"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">allows_array_ufunc_override</span></code></a>(func)</p></td>
<td><p>Determine if a function can be overridden via <em class="xref py py-obj">__array_ufunc__</em></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.overrides.get_overridable_numpy_ufuncs.html#numpy.testing.overrides.get_overridable_numpy_ufuncs" title="numpy.testing.overrides.get_overridable_numpy_ufuncs"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_overridable_numpy_ufuncs</span></code></a>()</p></td>
<td><p>List all numpy ufuncs overridable via <em class="xref py py-obj">__array_ufunc__</em></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><a class="reference internal" href="generated/numpy.testing.overrides.get_overridable_numpy_array_functions.html#numpy.testing.overrides.get_overridable_numpy_array_functions" title="numpy.testing.overrides.get_overridable_numpy_array_functions"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_overridable_numpy_array_functions</span></code></a>()</p></td>
<td><p>List all numpy functions overridable via <em class="xref py py-obj">__array_function__</em></p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</section>
<section id="guidelines">
<h2>Guidelines<a class="headerlink" href="#guidelines" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="testing.html">Testing guidelines</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="testing.html#introduction">Introduction</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="testing.html#testing-numpy">Testing NumPy</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="testing.html#running-tests-from-inside-python">Running tests from inside Python</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="testing.html#running-tests-from-the-command-line">Running tests from the command line</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="testing.html#running-doctests">Running doctests</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="testing.html#other-methods-of-running-tests">Other methods of running tests</a></li>
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