Nipype provides a general purpose model specification mechanism with specialized subclasses for package specific extensions.
The :class:`SpecifyModel` provides a generic mechanism for model specification. A mandatory input called subject_info provides paradigm specification for each run corresponding to a subject. This has to be in the form of a :class:`Bunch` or a list of Bunch objects (one for each run). Each Bunch object contains the following attribules.
- conditions : list of names
- onsets : lists of onsets corresponding to each condition
- durations : lists of durations corresponding to each condition. Should be
- left to a single 0 if all events are being modelled as impulses.
- regressor_names : list of names corresponding to each column. Should be None if automatically assigned.
- regressors : list of lists. values for each regressor - must correspond to the number of volumes in the functional run
- amplitudes : lists of amplitudes for each event. This will be ignored by
- SPM's Level1Design.
The following two (tmod, pmod) will be ignored by any Level1Design class other than SPM:
- tmod : lists of conditions that should be temporally modulated. Should
- default to None if not being used.
- pmod : list of Bunch corresponding to conditions
- name : name of parametric modulator
- param : values of the modulator
- poly : degree of modulation
An example Bunch definition:
from nipype.interfaces.base import Bunch condnames = ['Tapping', 'Speaking', 'Yawning'] event_onsets = [[0, 10, 50], [20, 60, 80], [30, 40, 70]] durations = [[0],[0],[0]] subject_info = Bunch(conditions=condnames, onsets = event_onsets, durations = durations)
Alternatively, you can provide condition, onset, duration and amplitude information through event files. The event files have to be in 1,2 or 3 column format with the columns corresponding to Onsets, Durations and Amplitudes and they have to have the name event_name.run<anything else> e.g.: Words.run001.txt. The event_name part will be used to create the condition names. Words.run001.txt may look like:
# Word Onsets Durations 0 10 20 10 ...
or with amplitudes:
# Word Onsets Durations Amplitudes 0 10 1 20 10 1 ...
Together with this information, one needs to specify:
- whether the durations and event onsets are specified in terms of scan volumes or secs.
- the high-pass filter cutoff,
- the repetition time per scan
- functional data files corresponding to each run.
Optionally you can specify realignment parameters, outlier indices. Outlier files should contain a list of numbers, one per row indicating which scans should not be included in the analysis. The numbers are 0-based.
in addition to the generic specification options, several SPM specific options can be provided. In particular, the subject_info function can provide temporal and parametric modulators in the Bunch attributes tmod and pmod. The following example adds a linear parametric modulator for speaking rate for the events specified earlier:
pmod = [None, Bunch(name=['Rate'], param=[[.300, .500, .600]], poly=[1]), None] subject_info = Bunch(conditions=condnames, onsets = event_onsets, durations = durations, pmod = pmod)
:class:`SpecifySPMModel` also allows specifying additional components. If you have a study with multiple runs, you can choose to concatenate conditions from different runs. by setting the input option concatenate_runs to True. You can also choose to set the output options for this class to be in terms of 'scans'.
In addition to standard models, :class:`SpecifySparseModel` allows model generation for sparse and sparse-clustered acquisition experiments. Details of the model generation and utility are provided in Ghosh et al. (2009) OHBM 2009.