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</div>
<section class="sphx-glr-example-title" id="artist-tutorial">
<span id="artists-tutorial"></span><span id="sphx-glr-tutorials-artists-py"></span><h1>Artist tutorial<a class="headerlink" href="#artist-tutorial" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h1>
<p>Using Artist objects to render on the canvas.</p>
<p>There are three layers to the Matplotlib API.</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.backend_bases.FigureCanvas</span></code> is the area onto which
the figure is drawn</p></li>
<li><p>the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.backend_bases.Renderer</span></code> is the object which knows how
to draw on the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.backend_bases.FigureCanvas</span></code></p></li>
<li><p>and the <a class="reference internal" href="../api/artist_api.html#matplotlib.artist.Artist" title="matplotlib.artist.Artist"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.artist.Artist</span></code></a> is the object that knows how to use
a renderer to paint onto the canvas.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>The <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.backend_bases.FigureCanvas</span></code> and
<code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.backend_bases.Renderer</span></code> handle all the details of
talking to user interface toolkits like <a class="reference external" href="https://www.wxpython.org">wxPython</a> or drawing languages like PostScript®, and
the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artist</span></code> handles all the high level constructs like representing
and laying out the figure, text, and lines. The typical user will
spend 95% of their time working with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artists</span></code>.</p>
<p>There are two types of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artists</span></code>: primitives and containers. The primitives
represent the standard graphical objects we want to paint onto our canvas:
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Line2D</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Rectangle.html#matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" title="matplotlib.patches.Rectangle"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Rectangle</span></code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Text" title="matplotlib.text.Text"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Text</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../api/image_api.html#matplotlib.image.AxesImage" title="matplotlib.image.AxesImage"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AxesImage</span></code></a>, etc., and
the containers are places to put them (<a class="reference internal" href="../api/axis_api.html#matplotlib.axis.Axis" title="matplotlib.axis.Axis"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axis</span></code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure</span></code></a>). The
standard use is to create a <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure</span></code></a> instance, use
the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure</span></code> to create one or more <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code></a>
instances, and use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code> instance
helper methods to create the primitives. In the example below, we create a
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure</span></code> instance using <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.pyplot.figure()</span></code></a>, which is a
convenience method for instantiating <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure</span></code> instances and connecting them
with your user interface or drawing toolkit <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FigureCanvas</span></code>. As we will
discuss below, this is not necessary -- you can work directly with PostScript,
PDF Gtk+, or wxPython <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FigureCanvas</span></code> instances, instantiate your <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figures</span></code>
directly and connect them yourselves -- but since we are focusing here on the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artist</span></code> API we'll let <a class="reference internal" href="../api/pyplot_summary.html#module-matplotlib.pyplot" title="matplotlib.pyplot"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pyplot</span></code></a> handle some of those details
for us:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">matplotlib.pyplot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">plt</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># two rows, one column, first plot</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code></a> is probably the most important
class in the Matplotlib API, and the one you will be working with most
of the time. This is because the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code> is the plotting area into
which most of the objects go, and the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code> has many special helper
methods (<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">plot()</span></code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.text.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.text" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.text"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">text()</span></code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.hist.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.hist" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.hist"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hist()</span></code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.imshow.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.imshow" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.imshow"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">imshow()</span></code></a>) to create the most common
graphics primitives (<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Line2D</span></code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Text" title="matplotlib.text.Text"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Text</span></code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Rectangle.html#matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" title="matplotlib.patches.Rectangle"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Rectangle</span></code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/image_api.html#matplotlib.image.AxesImage" title="matplotlib.image.AxesImage"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AxesImage</span></code></a>, respectively). These helper methods
will take your data (e.g., <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">numpy</span></code> arrays and strings) and create
primitive <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artist</span></code> instances as needed (e.g., <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Line2D</span></code>), add them to
the relevant containers, and draw them when requested. If you want to create
an <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code> at an arbitrary location, simply use the
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_axes.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_axes" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_axes"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">add_axes()</span></code></a> method which takes a list
of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[left,</span> <span class="pre">bottom,</span> <span class="pre">width,</span> <span class="pre">height]</span></code> values in 0-1 relative figure
coordinates:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">fig2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax2</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fig2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_axes</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="mf">0.15</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.7</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.3</span><span class="p">])</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Continuing with our example:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">numpy</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">np</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">t</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">1.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.01</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">s</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ufunc.html#numpy.ufunc" title="numpy.ufunc" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sin</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">*</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#float" title="builtins.float" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pi</span></a><span class="o">*</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">t</span></a><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-lines sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">line</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">t</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">s</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">color</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'blue'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">lw</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>In this example, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ax</span></code> is the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code> instance created by the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fig.add_subplot</span></code> call above and when you call <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ax.plot</span></code>, it creates a
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Line2D</span></code> instance and
adds it to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code>. In the interactive <a class="reference external" href="https://ipython.org/">IPython</a>
session below, you can see that the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes.lines</span></code> list is length one and
contains the same line that was returned by the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">line,</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">ax.plot...</span></code> call:</p>
<div class="highlight-ipython notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">In [101]: </span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">lines</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="gh">Out[101]: </span><span class="go"><matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x19a95710></span>
<span class="gp">In [102]: </span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-lines sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">line</span></a>
<span class="gh">Out[102]: </span><span class="go"><matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x19a95710></span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you make subsequent calls to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ax.plot</span></code> (and the hold state is "on"
which is the default) then additional lines will be added to the list.
You can remove a line later by calling its <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">remove</span></code> method:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-lines sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">line</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">lines</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-lines sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">line</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">remove</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The Axes also has helper methods to configure and decorate the x-axis
and y-axis tick, tick labels and axis labels:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">xtext</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_xlabel</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'my xdata'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1"># returns a Text instance</span>
<span class="n">ytext</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_ylabel</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'my ydata'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>When you call <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ax.set_xlabel</span></code></a>,
it passes the information on the <a class="reference internal" href="../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Text" title="matplotlib.text.Text"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Text</span></code></a>
instance of the <a class="reference internal" href="../api/axis_api.html#matplotlib.axis.XAxis" title="matplotlib.axis.XAxis"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">XAxis</span></code></a>. Each <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code>
instance contains an <a class="reference internal" href="../api/axis_api.html#matplotlib.axis.XAxis" title="matplotlib.axis.XAxis"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">XAxis</span></code></a> and a
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/axis_api.html#matplotlib.axis.YAxis" title="matplotlib.axis.YAxis"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">YAxis</span></code></a> instance, which handle the layout and
drawing of the ticks, tick labels and axis labels.</p>
<p>Try creating the figure below.</p>
<div class="highlight-Python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">matplotlib.pyplot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">plt</span>
<span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">numpy</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">np</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.subplots_adjust.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.subplots_adjust" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.subplots_adjust" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots_adjust</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.8</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax1</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">211</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_ylabel</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Voltage [V]'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_title" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_title</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'A sine wave'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">t</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.arange.html#numpy.arange" title="numpy.arange" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">1.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.01</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">s</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ufunc.html#numpy.ufunc" title="numpy.ufunc" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sin</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">*</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#float" title="builtins.float" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pi</span></a><span class="o">*</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">t</span></a><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-lines sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">line</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax1</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">t</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">s</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">color</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'blue'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">lw</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Fixing random state for reproducibility</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/random/generated/numpy.random.seed.html#numpy.random.seed" title="numpy.random.seed" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy-random sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">seed</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">19680801</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax2</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_axes.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_axes" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_axes</span></a><span class="p">([</span><span class="mf">0.15</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.7</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.3</span><span class="p">])</span>
<a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">n</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">bins</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="../api/container_api.html#matplotlib.container.BarContainer" title="matplotlib.container.BarContainer" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-container sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">patches</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.hist.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.hist" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.hist" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hist</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/random/generated/numpy.random.randn.html#numpy.random.randn" title="numpy.random.randn" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy-random sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randn</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="mi">50</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="n">facecolor</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'yellow'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edgecolor</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'yellow'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax2</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_xlabel</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Time [s]'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.show.html#matplotlib.pyplot.show" title="matplotlib.pyplot.show" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">show</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../_images/sphx_glr_artists_001.png" srcset="../_images/sphx_glr_artists_001.png, ../_images/sphx_glr_artists_001_2_00x.png 2.00x" alt="A sine wave" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><section id="customizing-your-objects">
<span id="customizing-artists"></span><h2>Customizing your objects<a class="headerlink" href="#customizing-your-objects" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>Every element in the figure is represented by a Matplotlib
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/artist_api.html#matplotlib.artist.Artist" title="matplotlib.artist.Artist"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artist</span></code></a>, and each has an extensive list of
properties to configure its appearance. The figure itself contains a
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Rectangle.html#matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" title="matplotlib.patches.Rectangle"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Rectangle</span></code></a> exactly the size of the figure,
which you can use to set the background color and transparency of the
figures. Likewise, each <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code></a> bounding box
(the standard white box with black edges in the typical Matplotlib
plot, has a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Rectangle</span></code> instance that determines the color,
transparency, and other properties of the Axes. These instances are
stored as member variables <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure.patch</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes.patch</span></code>
("Patch" is a name inherited from MATLAB, and is a 2D "patch"
of color on the figure, e.g., rectangles, circles and polygons).
Every Matplotlib <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artist</span></code> has the following properties</p>
<div class="pst-scrollable-table-container"><table class="table">
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Property</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Description</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>alpha</p></td>
<td><p>The transparency - a scalar from 0-1</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>animated</p></td>
<td><p>A boolean that is used to facilitate animated drawing</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>axes</p></td>
<td><p>The Axes that the Artist lives in, possibly None</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>clip_box</p></td>
<td><p>The bounding box that clips the Artist</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>clip_on</p></td>
<td><p>Whether clipping is enabled</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>clip_path</p></td>
<td><p>The path the artist is clipped to</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>contains</p></td>
<td><p>A picking function to test whether the artist contains the pick
point</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>figure</p></td>
<td><p>The figure instance the artist lives in, possibly None</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>label</p></td>
<td><p>A text label (e.g., for auto-labeling)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>picker</p></td>
<td><p>A python object that controls object picking</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>transform</p></td>
<td><p>The transformation</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>visible</p></td>
<td><p>A boolean whether the artist should be drawn</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>zorder</p></td>
<td><p>A number which determines the drawing order</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>rasterized</p></td>
<td><p>Boolean; Turns vectors into raster graphics (for compression &
EPS transparency)</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<p>Each of the properties is accessed with an old-fashioned setter or
getter (yes we know this irritates Pythonistas and we plan to support
direct access via properties or traits but it hasn't been done yet).
For example, to multiply the current alpha by a half:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">a</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">o</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_alpha</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">o</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_alpha</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you want to set a number of properties at once, you can also use
the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">set</span></code> method with keyword arguments. For example:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">o</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">alpha</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">zorder</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>If you are working interactively at the python shell, a handy way to
inspect the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artist</span></code> properties is to use the
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.artist.getp.html#matplotlib.artist.getp" title="matplotlib.artist.getp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.artist.getp()</span></code></a> function (simply
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.getp.html#matplotlib.pyplot.getp" title="matplotlib.pyplot.getp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getp()</span></code></a> in pyplot), which lists the properties
and their values. This works for classes derived from <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artist</span></code> as
well, e.g., <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Rectangle</span></code>. Here are the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure</span></code> rectangle
properties mentioned above:</p>
<div class="highlight-ipython notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">In [149]: </span><span class="n">matplotlib</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">artist</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getp</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Rectangle.html#matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" title="matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-patches sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patch</span></a><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go"> agg_filter = None</span>
<span class="go"> alpha = None</span>
<span class="go"> animated = False</span>
<span class="go"> antialiased or aa = False</span>
<span class="go"> bbox = Bbox(x0=0.0, y0=0.0, x1=1.0, y1=1.0)</span>
<span class="go"> capstyle = butt</span>
<span class="go"> children = []</span>
<span class="go"> clip_box = None</span>
<span class="go"> clip_on = True</span>
<span class="go"> clip_path = None</span>
<span class="go"> contains = None</span>
<span class="go"> data_transform = BboxTransformTo( TransformedBbox( Bbox...</span>
<span class="go"> edgecolor or ec = (1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0)</span>
<span class="go"> extents = Bbox(x0=0.0, y0=0.0, x1=640.0, y1=480.0)</span>
<span class="go"> facecolor or fc = (1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0)</span>
<span class="go"> figure = Figure(640x480)</span>
<span class="go"> fill = True</span>
<span class="go"> gid = None</span>
<span class="go"> hatch = None</span>
<span class="go"> height = 1</span>
<span class="go"> in_layout = False</span>
<span class="go"> joinstyle = miter</span>
<span class="go"> label =</span>
<span class="go"> linestyle or ls = solid</span>
<span class="go"> linewidth or lw = 0.0</span>
<span class="go"> patch_transform = CompositeGenericTransform( BboxTransformTo( ...</span>
<span class="go"> path = Path(array([[0., 0.], [1., 0.], [1.,...</span>
<span class="go"> path_effects = []</span>
<span class="go"> picker = None</span>
<span class="go"> rasterized = None</span>
<span class="go"> sketch_params = None</span>
<span class="go"> snap = None</span>
<span class="go"> transform = CompositeGenericTransform( CompositeGenericTra...</span>
<span class="go"> transformed_clip_path_and_affine = (None, None)</span>
<span class="go"> url = None</span>
<span class="go"> verts = [[ 0. 0.] [640. 0.] [640. 480.] [ 0. 480....</span>
<span class="go"> visible = True</span>
<span class="go"> width = 1</span>
<span class="go"> window_extent = Bbox(x0=0.0, y0=0.0, x1=640.0, y1=480.0)</span>
<span class="go"> x = 0</span>
<span class="go"> xy = (0, 0)</span>
<span class="go"> y = 0</span>
<span class="go"> zorder = 1</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The docstrings for all of the classes also contain the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artist</span></code>
properties, so you can consult the interactive "help" or the
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/artist_api.html#artist-api"><span class="std std-ref">matplotlib.artist</span></a> for a listing of properties for a given object.</p>
</section>
<section id="object-containers">
<span id="id1"></span><h2>Object containers<a class="headerlink" href="#object-containers" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<p>Now that we know how to inspect and set the properties of a given
object we want to configure, we need to know how to get at that object.
As mentioned in the introduction, there are two kinds of objects:
primitives and containers. The primitives are usually the things you
want to configure (the font of a <a class="reference internal" href="../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Text" title="matplotlib.text.Text"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Text</span></code></a>
instance, the width of a <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Line2D</span></code></a>) although
the containers also have some properties as well -- for example the
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code></a> <a class="reference internal" href="../api/artist_api.html#matplotlib.artist.Artist" title="matplotlib.artist.Artist"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artist</span></code></a> is a
container that contains many of the primitives in your plot, but it
also has properties like the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xscale</span></code> to control whether the xaxis
is 'linear' or 'log'. In this section we'll review where the various
container objects store the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artists</span></code> that you want to get at.</p>
<section id="figure-container">
<span id="id2"></span><h3>Figure container<a class="headerlink" href="#figure-container" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>The top level container <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artist</span></code> is the
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.figure.Figure</span></code></a>, and it contains everything in the
figure. The background of the figure is a
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Rectangle.html#matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" title="matplotlib.patches.Rectangle"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Rectangle</span></code></a> which is stored in
<code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure.patch</span></code>. As
you add subplots (<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">add_subplot()</span></code></a>) and
Axes (<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_axes.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_axes" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_axes"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">add_axes()</span></code></a>) to the figure
these will be appended to the <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.axes.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.axes" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.axes"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure.axes</span></code></a>. These are also returned by the
methods that create them:</p>
<div class="highlight-ipython notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">In [156]: </span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="gp">In [157]: </span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax1</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">211</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">In [158]: </span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax2</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_axes.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_axes" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_axes</span></a><span class="p">([</span><span class="mf">0.1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.7</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.3</span><span class="p">])</span>
<span class="gp">In [159]: </span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax1</span></a>
<span class="gh">Out[159]: </span><span class="go"><Axes:></span>
<span class="gp">In [160]: </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">axes</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">[<Axes:>, <matplotlib.axes._axes.Axes object at 0x7f0768702be0>]</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Because the figure maintains the concept of the "current Axes" (see
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.gca.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.gca" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.gca"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure.gca</span></code></a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.sca.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.sca" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.sca"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure.sca</span></code></a>) to support the
pylab/pyplot state machine, you should not insert or remove Axes
directly from the Axes list, but rather use the
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">add_subplot()</span></code></a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_axes.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_axes" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_axes"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">add_axes()</span></code></a> methods to insert, and the
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.artist.Artist.remove.html#matplotlib.artist.Artist.remove" title="matplotlib.artist.Artist.remove"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes.remove</span></code></a> method to delete. You are
free however, to iterate over the list of Axes or index into it to get
access to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code> instances you want to customize. Here is an
example which turns all the Axes grids on:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">for</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a> <span class="ow">in</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">axes</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The figure also has its own <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">images</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lines</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">patches</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">text</span></code>
attributes, which you can use to add primitives directly. When doing so, the
default coordinate system for the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure</span></code> will simply be in pixels (which
is not usually what you want). If you instead use Figure-level methods to add
Artists (e.g., using <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.text.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.text" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.text"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure.text</span></code></a> to add text), then the default coordinate
system will be "figure coordinates" where (0, 0) is the bottom-left of the
figure and (1, 1) is the top-right of the figure.</p>
<p>As with all <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artist</span></code>s, you can control this coordinate system by setting
the transform property. You can explicitly use "figure coordinates" by
setting the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artist</span></code> transform to <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fig.transFigure</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-Python notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">matplotlib.lines</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">as</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">lines</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-lines sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">l1</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-lines sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class"><span class="n">lines</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Line2D</span></a><span class="p">([</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">transform</span><span class="o">=</span><a href="../api/transformations.html#matplotlib.transforms.BboxTransformTo" title="matplotlib.transforms.BboxTransformTo" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-transforms sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">transFigure</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">figure</span><span class="o">=</span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-lines sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">l2</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-lines sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class"><span class="n">lines</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Line2D</span></a><span class="p">([</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">transform</span><span class="o">=</span><a href="../api/transformations.html#matplotlib.transforms.BboxTransformTo" title="matplotlib.transforms.BboxTransformTo" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-transforms sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">transFigure</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">figure</span><span class="o">=</span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">lines</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">extend</span><span class="p">([</span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-lines sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">l1</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-lines sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">l2</span></a><span class="p">])</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.show.html#matplotlib.pyplot.show" title="matplotlib.pyplot.show" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">show</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<img src="../_images/sphx_glr_artists_002.png" srcset="../_images/sphx_glr_artists_002.png, ../_images/sphx_glr_artists_002_2_00x.png 2.00x" alt="artists" class = "sphx-glr-single-img"/><p>Here is a summary of the Artists the Figure contains</p>
<div class="pst-scrollable-table-container"><table class="table">
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Figure attribute</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Description</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>axes</p></td>
<td><p>A list of <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code></a> instances</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>patch</p></td>
<td><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Rectangle.html#matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" title="matplotlib.patches.Rectangle"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Rectangle</span></code></a> background</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>images</p></td>
<td><p>A list of <a class="reference internal" href="../api/image_api.html#matplotlib.image.FigureImage" title="matplotlib.image.FigureImage"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">FigureImage</span></code></a> patches -
useful for raw pixel display</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>legends</p></td>
<td><p>A list of Figure <a class="reference internal" href="../api/legend_api.html#matplotlib.legend.Legend" title="matplotlib.legend.Legend"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Legend</span></code></a> instances
(different from <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes.get_legend()</span></code>)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>lines</p></td>
<td><p>A list of Figure <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Line2D</span></code></a> instances
(rarely used, see <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes.lines</span></code>)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>patches</p></td>
<td><p>A list of Figure <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Patch.html#matplotlib.patches.Patch" title="matplotlib.patches.Patch"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Patch</span></code></a>s
(rarely used, see <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes.patches</span></code>)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p>texts</p></td>
<td><p>A list Figure <a class="reference internal" href="../api/text_api.html#matplotlib.text.Text" title="matplotlib.text.Text"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Text</span></code></a> instances</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</section>
<section id="axes-container">
<span id="id3"></span><h3>Axes container<a class="headerlink" href="#axes-container" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h3>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.axes.Axes</span></code></a> is the center of the Matplotlib
universe -- it contains the vast majority of all the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artists</span></code> used
in a figure with many helper methods to create and add these
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artists</span></code> to itself, as well as helper methods to access and
customize the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artists</span></code> it contains. Like the
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Figure</span></code></a>, it contains a
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Patch.html#matplotlib.patches.Patch" title="matplotlib.patches.Patch"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Patch</span></code></a>
<code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.axes.Axes.patch</span></code> which is a
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Rectangle.html#matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" title="matplotlib.patches.Rectangle"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Rectangle</span></code></a> for Cartesian coordinates and a
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Circle.html#matplotlib.patches.Circle" title="matplotlib.patches.Circle"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Circle</span></code></a> for polar coordinates; this patch
determines the shape, background and border of the plotting region:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.add_subplot" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">fig</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Rectangle.html#matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" title="matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-patches sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">rect</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">patch</span> <span class="c1"># a Rectangle instance</span>
<a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Patch.html#matplotlib.patches.Patch.set_facecolor" title="matplotlib.patches.Patch.set_facecolor" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-patches sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">rect</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_facecolor</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'green'</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>When you call a plotting method, e.g., the canonical
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">plot</span></code></a> and pass in arrays or lists of values, the
method will create a <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">matplotlib.lines.Line2D</span></code></a> instance, update the line with
all the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Line2D</span></code> properties passed as keyword arguments, add the line to
the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code>, and return it to you:</p>
<div class="highlight-ipython notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">In [213]: </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rand</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">In [214]: </span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.lines.Line2D.html#matplotlib.lines.Line2D" title="matplotlib.lines.Line2D" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-lines sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">line</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'-'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">color</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'blue'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">linewidth</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">plot</span></code> returns a list of lines because you can pass in multiple x, y
pairs to plot, and we are unpacking the first element of the length
one list into the line variable. The line has been added to the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes.lines</span></code> list:</p>
<div class="highlight-ipython notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">In [229]: </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">lines</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0xd378b0c>]</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>Similarly, methods that create patches, like
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.bar.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.bar" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.bar"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bar()</span></code></a> creates a list of rectangles, will
add the patches to the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes.patches</span></code> list:</p>
<div class="highlight-ipython notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">In [233]: </span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">n</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">bins</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rectangles</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">hist</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://numpy.org/doc/stable/reference/random/generated/numpy.random.randn.html#numpy.random.randn" title="numpy.random.randn" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy-random sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randn</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="mi">50</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">In [234]: </span><span class="n">rectangles</span>
<span class="gh">Out[234]: </span><span class="go"><BarContainer object of 50 artists></span>
<span class="gp">In [235]: </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a><span class="o">.</span><a href="../api/container_api.html#matplotlib.container.BarContainer" title="matplotlib.container.BarContainer" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-container sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">patches</span></a><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="gh">Out[235]: </span><span class="go">50</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You should not add objects directly to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes.lines</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes.patches</span></code>
lists, because the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code> needs to do a few things when it creates and adds
an object:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>It sets the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">figure</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">axes</span></code> property of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artist</span></code>;</p></li>
<li><p>It sets the default <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code> transformation (unless one is already set);</p></li>
<li><p>It inspects the data contained in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Artist</span></code> to update the data
structures controlling auto-scaling, so that the view limits can be
adjusted to contain the plotted data.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>You can, nonetheless, create objects yourself and add them directly to the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Axes</span></code> using helper methods like <a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.add_line.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.add_line" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.add_line"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">add_line</span></code></a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.add_patch.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.add_patch" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.add_patch"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">add_patch</span></code></a>. Here is an annotated interactive session
illustrating what is going on:</p>
<div class="highlight-ipython notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">In [262]: </span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">fig</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">subplots</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="go"># create a rectangle instance</span>
<span class="gp">In [263]: </span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Rectangle.html#matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" title="matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-patches sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">rect</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">matplotlib</span><span class="o">.</span><a href="../api/container_api.html#matplotlib.container.BarContainer" title="matplotlib.container.BarContainer" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-container sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">patches</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Rectangle</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">width</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">height</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go"># by default the Axes instance is None</span>
<span class="gp">In [264]: </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Rectangle.html#matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" title="matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-patches sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">rect</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">axes</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">None</span>
<span class="go"># and the transformation instance is set to the "identity transform"</span>
<span class="gp">In [265]: </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Rectangle.html#matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" title="matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-patches sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">rect</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_data_transform</span><span class="p">())</span>
<span class="go">IdentityTransform()</span>
<span class="go"># now we add the Rectangle to the Axes</span>
<span class="gp">In [266]: </span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_patch</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Rectangle.html#matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" title="matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-patches sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">rect</span></a><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go"># and notice that the ax.add_patch method has set the Axes</span>
<span class="go"># instance</span>
<span class="gp">In [267]: </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Rectangle.html#matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" title="matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-patches sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">rect</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">axes</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">Axes(0.125,0.1;0.775x0.8)</span>
<span class="go"># and the transformation has been set too</span>
<span class="gp">In [268]: </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Rectangle.html#matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" title="matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-patches sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">rect</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get_data_transform</span><span class="p">())</span>
<span class="go">CompositeGenericTransform(</span>
<span class="go"> TransformWrapper(</span>
<span class="go"> BlendedAffine2D(</span>
<span class="go"> IdentityTransform(),</span>
<span class="go"> IdentityTransform())),</span>
<span class="go"> CompositeGenericTransform(</span>
<span class="go"> BboxTransformFrom(</span>
<span class="go"> TransformedBbox(</span>
<span class="go"> Bbox(x0=0.0, y0=0.0, x1=1.0, y1=1.0),</span>
<span class="go"> TransformWrapper(</span>
<span class="go"> BlendedAffine2D(</span>
<span class="go"> IdentityTransform(),</span>
<span class="go"> IdentityTransform())))),</span>
<span class="go"> BboxTransformTo(</span>
<span class="go"> TransformedBbox(</span>
<span class="go"> Bbox(x0=0.125, y0=0.10999999999999999, x1=0.9, y1=0.88),</span>
<span class="go"> BboxTransformTo(</span>
<span class="go"> TransformedBbox(</span>
<span class="go"> Bbox(x0=0.0, y0=0.0, x1=6.4, y1=4.8),</span>
<span class="go"> Affine2D(</span>
<span class="go"> [[100. 0. 0.]</span>
<span class="go"> [ 0. 100. 0.]</span>
<span class="go"> [ 0. 0. 1.]])))))))</span>
<span class="go"># the default Axes transformation is ax.transData</span>
<span class="gp">In [269]: </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ax</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">transData</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">CompositeGenericTransform(</span>
<span class="go"> TransformWrapper(</span>
<span class="go"> BlendedAffine2D(</span>
<span class="go"> IdentityTransform(),</span>
<span class="go"> IdentityTransform())),</span>
<span class="go"> CompositeGenericTransform(</span>