.. index:: single: Routing; Custom route loader
A custom route loader allows you to add routes to an application without
including them, for example, in a Yaml file. This comes in handy when
you have a bundle but don't want to manually add the routes for the bundle
to app/config/routing.yml. This may be especially important when you want
to make the bundle reusable, or when you have open-sourced it as this would
slow down the installation process and make it error-prone.
Alternatively, you could also use a custom route loader when you want your routes to be automatically generated or located based on some convention or pattern. One example is the FOSRestBundle where routing is generated based off the names of the action methods in a controller.
Note
There are many bundles out there that use their own route loaders to accomplish cases like those described above, for instance FOSRestBundle, KnpRadBundle and SonataAdminBundle.
The routes in a Symfony application are loaded by the
:class:`Symfony\\Bundle\\FrameworkBundle\\Routing\\DelegatingLoader`.
This loader uses several other loaders (delegates) to load resources of
different types, for instance Yaml files or @Route and @Method annotations
in controller files. The specialized loaders implement
:class:`Symfony\\Component\\Config\\Loader\\LoaderInterface`
and therefore have two important methods:
:method:`Symfony\\Component\\Config\\Loader\\LoaderInterface::supports`
and :method:`Symfony\\Component\\Config\\Loader\\LoaderInterface::load`.
Take these lines from the routing.yml in the AcmeDemoBundle of the Standard
Edition:
# src/Acme/DemoBundle/Resources/config/routing.yml
_demo:
resource: "@AcmeDemoBundle/Controller/DemoController.php"
type: annotation
prefix: /demoWhen the main loader parses this, it tries all the delegate loaders and calls
their :method:`Symfony\\Component\\Config\\Loader\\LoaderInterface::supports`
method with the given resource (@AcmeDemoBundle/Controller/DemoController.php)
and type (annotation) as arguments. When one of the loader returns true,
its :method:`Symfony\\Component\\Config\\Loader\\LoaderInterface::load` method
will be called, which should return a :class:`Symfony\\Component\\Routing\\RouteCollection`
containing :class:`Symfony\\Component\\Routing\\Route` objects.
To load routes from some custom source (i.e. from something other than annotations, Yaml or XML files), you need to create a custom route loader. This loader should implement :class:`Symfony\\Component\\Config\\Loader\\LoaderInterface`.
The sample loader below supports loading routing resources with a type of
extra. The type extra isn't important - you can just invent any resource
type you want. The resource name itself is not actually used in the example:
namespace Acme\DemoBundle\Routing;
use Symfony\Component\Config\Loader\LoaderInterface;
use Symfony\Component\Config\Loader\LoaderResolverInterface;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\Route;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\RouteCollection;
class ExtraLoader implements LoaderInterface
{
private $loaded = false;
public function load($resource, $type = null)
{
if (true === $this->loaded) {
throw new \RuntimeException('Do not add the "extra" loader twice');
}
$routes = new RouteCollection();
// prepare a new route
$pattern = '/extra/{parameter}';
$defaults = array(
'_controller' => 'AcmeDemoBundle:Demo:extra',
);
$requirements = array(
'parameter' => '\d+',
);
$route = new Route($pattern, $defaults, $requirements);
// add the new route to the route collection:
$routeName = 'extraRoute';
$routes->add($routeName, $route);
$this->loaded = true;
return $routes;
}
public function supports($resource, $type = null)
{
return 'extra' === $type;
}
public function getResolver()
{
// needed, but can be blank, unless you want to load other resources
// and if you do, using the Loader base class is easier (see below)
}
public function setResolver(LoaderResolverInterface $resolver)
{
// same as above
}
}
Note
Make sure the controller you specify really exists.
Now define a service for the ExtraLoader:
.. configuration-block::
.. code-block:: yaml
services:
acme_demo.routing_loader:
class: Acme\DemoBundle\Routing\ExtraLoader
tags:
- { name: routing.loader }
.. code-block:: xml
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<container xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services http://symfony.com/schema/dic/services/services-1.0.xsd">
<services>
<service id="acme_demo.routing_loader" class="Acme\DemoBundle\Routing\ExtraLoader">
<tag name="routing.loader" />
</service>
</services>
</container>
.. code-block:: php
use Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\Definition;
$container
->setDefinition(
'acme_demo.routing_loader',
new Definition('Acme\DemoBundle\Routing\ExtraLoader')
)
->addTag('routing.loader')
;
Notice the tag routing.loader. All services with this tag will be marked
as potential route loaders and added as specialized routers to the
:class:`Symfony\\Bundle\\FrameworkBundle\\Routing\\DelegatingLoader`.
If you did nothing else, your custom routing loader would not be called. Instead, you only need to add a few extra lines to the routing configuration:
.. configuration-block::
.. code-block:: yaml
# app/config/routing.yml
AcmeDemoBundle_Extra:
resource: .
type: extra
.. code-block:: xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<routes xmlns="http://symfony.com/schema/routing"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://symfony.com/schema/routing http://symfony.com/schema/routing/routing-1.0.xsd">
<import resource="." type="extra" />
</routes>
.. code-block:: php
// app/config/routing.php
use Symfony\Component\Routing\RouteCollection;
$collection = new RouteCollection();
$collection->addCollection($loader->import('.', 'extra'));
return $collection;
The important part here is the type key. Its value should be "extra".
This is the type which our ExtraLoader supports and this will make sure
its load() method gets called. The resource key is insignificant
for the ExtraLoader, so we set it to ".".
Note
The routes defined using custom route loaders will be automatically cached by the framework. So whenever you change something in the loader class itself, don't forget to clear the cache.
In most cases it's better not to implement :class:`Symfony\\Component\\Config\\Loader\\LoaderInterface` yourself, but extend from :class:`Symfony\\Component\\Config\\Loader\\Loader`. This class knows how to use a :class:`Symfony\\Component\\Config\\Loader\\LoaderResolver` to load secondary routing resources.
Of course you still need to implement :method:`Symfony\\Component\\Config\\Loader\\LoaderInterface::supports` and :method:`Symfony\\Component\\Config\\Loader\\LoaderInterface::load`. Whenever you want to load another resource - for instance a Yaml routing configuration file - you can call the :method:`Symfony\\Component\\Config\\Loader\\Loader::import` method:
namespace Acme\DemoBundle\Routing;
use Symfony\Component\Config\Loader\Loader;
use Symfony\Component\Routing\RouteCollection;
class AdvancedLoader extends Loader
{
public function load($resource, $type = null)
{
$collection = new RouteCollection();
$resource = '@AcmeDemoBundle/Resources/config/import_routing.yml';
$type = 'yaml';
$importedRoutes = $this->import($resource, $type);
$collection->addCollection($importedRoutes);
return $collection;
}
public function supports($resource, $type = null)
{
return $type === 'advanced_extra';
}
}
Note
The resource name and type of the imported routing configuration can be anything that would normally be supported by the routing configuration loader (Yaml, XML, PHP, annotation, etc.).