Unexpected SQL Query Value Quoting After Upgrading to Laravel 12.x

[P77662]

Laravel Version

12.6.0

PHP Version

8.3.14

Database Driver & Version

Oracle XE 21c (21.3)

Description

After upgrading Laravel to version 12.x, I noticed a change in how SQL queries are generated. Specifically, when using the query builder to perform a leftJoin, the value of the $userId variable (a number) is now enclosed in double quotes in the SQL query, which was not the case in Laravel 11.x.

In Laravel 11.x, the generated SQL query correctly treated the number as an integer, but in Laravel 12.x, the number is treated as a string and is enclosed in double quotes. This may lead to unexpected behavior, as it changes the way values are bound in the SQL query.

Is this change in behavior an intentional feature in Laravel 12.x?

Steps To Reproduce

1. PHP Snippet (Query):

$userId = 1;
$query = DB::table(User::TABLE_NAME)
            ->select(User::TABLE_NAME . '.*')
            ->leftJoin(User::PIVOT_SERVICE_TYPES . ' UHST', 'UHST.user_id', $userId);

2. SQL Query Generated in Laravel 12.x:

select "USERS".* from "USERS" left join "USERS_HAS_SERVICE_TYPES" UHST on "UHST"."USER_ID" = "1"

3. SQL Query Generated in Laravel 11.x:

select "USERS".* from "USERS" left join "USERS_HAS_SERVICE_TYPES" UHST on "UHST"."USER_ID" = 1

Expected Result: In Laravel 11.x, the value 1 is not quoted in the SQL query.

Actual Result: In Laravel 12.x, the value 1 is quoted in the SQL query.