Notebooks/draft/Aula_10_Classes.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "FGV - EMAp - Escola de Matemática Aplicada\n",
    "==\n",
    "Introdução à Programação com a Linguagem Python\n",
    "--"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### Classes"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Inutil:\n",
    "    pass"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "Inutil"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "dir(Inutil)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "alguma_instancia = Inutil()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "type(alguma_instancia)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "alguma_instancia"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class MyClass:\n",
    "    \"\"\"\n",
    "    Aqui eu vou colocar\n",
    "    uma string que define as\n",
    "    principais informações sobre\n",
    "    a classe que estou criando\n",
    "    \"\"\"\n",
    "    \n",
    "    atributo_da_classe = 1234\n",
    "    outro_atributo = 5678\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def metodo_da_classe(self):\n",
    "        return 'Olá povo!'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x = MyClass()\n",
    "y = MyClass()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x.atributo_da_classe"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x.outro_atributo"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x.metodo_da_classe"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x.metodo_da_classe()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x.atributo_da_classe"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x.atributo_da_classe = 4321"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x.atributo_da_classe"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "y.atributo_da_classe"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x.atributo_da_classe"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x.novo_atributo = \"qualquer coisa nova\""
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "type(x)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "dir(x)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "z = MyClass()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "dir(z)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class MyComplex:\n",
    "    def __init__(self, realpart, imagpart):\n",
    "        self.r = realpart\n",
    "        self.i = imagpart"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "z = MyComplex(2,-4)\n",
    "j = MyComplex(13,12)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "z.r"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "z.i"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "z.novo_atributo = 'uma nova coisa'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "z.novo_atributo"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "dir(j)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Retangulo:\n",
    "    def inverte(self):\n",
    "        self.largura, self.comprimento = self.comprimento, self.largura\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def __init__(self, ladoa, ladob):\n",
    "        self.comprimento = ladoa\n",
    "        self.largura = ladob\n",
    "        self.area = ladoa * ladob\n",
    "        self.perimetro = 2 * (ladoa+ladob)\n",
    "        if self.largura > self.comprimento:\n",
    "            self.inverte()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meu_retangulo = Retangulo(10,50)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meu_retangulo.area"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meu_retangulo.largura"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meu_retangulo.comprimento"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meu_retangulo.inverte()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meu_retangulo.comprimento"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meu_retangulo.largura"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "dir(meu_retangulo)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meu_retangulo.__repr__"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(meu_retangulo)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Triangulo:\n",
    "    def __init__(self,lado1,lado2,lado3):\n",
    "        self.lado1 = lado1\n",
    "        self.lado2 = lado2\n",
    "        self.lado3 = lado3\n",
    "        self.tipo()\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def __repr__(self):\n",
    "        return \"Triangulo nas paradas\"\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def tipo(self):\n",
    "        if self.lado1 == self.lado2 and self.lado1 == self.lado3:\n",
    "            print('equilátero')\n",
    "            self.tipo = 'equilátero'\n",
    "        elif self.lado1 == self.lado2 or \\\n",
    "             self.lado1 == self.lado3 or \\\n",
    "             self.lado2 == self.lado3:\n",
    "            print('isósceles')\n",
    "            self.tipo = 'isósceles'\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            print('escaleno')\n",
    "            self.tipo = 'escaleno'\n",
    "    "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "tri = Triangulo(5,5,5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "tri.tipo"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "tri.lado1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(tri)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class NovaClasse:\n",
    "    prop1 = 'texto'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x = NovaClasse()\n",
    "y = NovaClasse\n",
    "print(type(x))\n",
    "print(type(y))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "print(x.prop1)\n",
    "x.prop1 = 'Mudei'\n",
    "print(x.prop1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = NovaClasse()\n",
    "a.prop1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "y.prop1 = 'mudei definitivamente'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "b = NovaClasse()\n",
    "b.prop1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x.prop1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "NovaClasse.prop1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "x.prop1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a.prop1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "c = y()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "c.prop1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "dir(NovaClasse)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Dog:\n",
    "    def __init__(self, name, raca='vira lata'):\n",
    "        self.name = name\n",
    "        self.raca = raca\n",
    "        self.tricks = []\n",
    "\n",
    "    def add_trick(self, trick):\n",
    "        if not trick in self.tricks:\n",
    "            self.tricks.append(trick)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d = Dog('Fido','Pastor Alemao')\n",
    "e = Dog('Buddy','Cocker')\n",
    "f = Dog('Rex')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d.name"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f.raca"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d.add_trick('Rolar')\n",
    "e.add_trick('Fingir-se de morto')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d.tricks"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d.add_trick('Pedir Comida')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d.name"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d.raca"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "d.tricks"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "e.tricks"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f = Dog('Rex','Doberman')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f.name"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f.raca"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f.add_trick('Latir para ladroes')\n",
    "f.tricks"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import time\n",
    "class SuperDog(Dog):\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def __init__(self, name, raca):\n",
    "        Dog.__init__(self, name, raca)\n",
    "        self.comida = False\n",
    "        self.adestrado = False\n",
    "        self.ultima_refeicao = time.time()\n",
    "        \n",
    "        \n",
    "    def esta_com_fome(self):\n",
    "        if time.time() - self.ultima_refeicao < 5:\n",
    "            print('Não')\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            print('Sim, a última refeição foi')\n",
    "            print('há {:.2f} min'.format((time.time() - self.ultima_refeicao)/60))\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def adestra(self):\n",
    "        self.adestrado = True\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def alimenta(self):\n",
    "        self.ultima_refeicao = time.time()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f = SuperDog('Raghu','Labrador')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f.esta_com_fome()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f.esta_com_fome()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f.alimenta()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f.esta_com_fome()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f.tricks"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f.adestrado"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f.adestra()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f.adestrado"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### Fibo como um generator  \n",
    "http://www.diveintopython3.net/iterators.html  "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 82,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Fib:\n",
    "    '''iterator that yields numbers in the Fibonacci sequence'''\n",
    "\n",
    "    def __init__(self, maximo):\n",
    "        self.max = maximo\n",
    "        #self.a = 0\n",
    "        #self.b = 1\n",
    "\n",
    "    def __iter__(self):\n",
    "        self.a = 0\n",
    "        self.b = 1\n",
    "        return self\n",
    "\n",
    "    def __next__(self):\n",
    "        fib = self.a\n",
    "        if fib > self.max:\n",
    "            raise StopIteration\n",
    "        self.a, self.b = self.b, self.a + self.b\n",
    "        return fib"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 83,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "f = Fib(30)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 85,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 85,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "iter(f)\n",
    "f.__next__()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "for valor in f:\n",
    "    print(valor)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Aleatorio:\n",
    "    def __init__(self, maximo):\n",
    "        self.max = maximo\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def __iter__(self):\n",
    "        self.count = 0\n",
    "        return self\n",
    "\n",
    "    def __next__(self):\n",
    "        self.count += 1\n",
    "        valor = random.random()\n",
    "        if valor > 0.95 or valor < 0.05 or self.count > self.max:\n",
    "            raise StopIteration\n",
    "        return valor"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 46,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['__class__',\n",
       " '__delattr__',\n",
       " '__dict__',\n",
       " '__dir__',\n",
       " '__doc__',\n",
       " '__eq__',\n",
       " '__format__',\n",
       " '__ge__',\n",
       " '__getattribute__',\n",
       " '__gt__',\n",
       " '__hash__',\n",
       " '__init__',\n",
       " '__iter__',\n",
       " '__le__',\n",
       " '__lt__',\n",
       " '__module__',\n",
       " '__ne__',\n",
       " '__new__',\n",
       " '__next__',\n",
       " '__reduce__',\n",
       " '__reduce_ex__',\n",
       " '__repr__',\n",
       " '__setattr__',\n",
       " '__sizeof__',\n",
       " '__str__',\n",
       " '__subclasshook__',\n",
       " '__weakref__']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 46,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "dir(Aleatorio)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 47,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import random\n",
    "x = Aleatorio(30)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0.0757647989497191\n",
      "0.4874782063908957\n",
      "0.48055175657811267\n",
      "0.9446365370585144\n",
      "0.18936611639572887\n",
      "0.6606273511695889\n",
      "0.9446756864737489\n",
      "0.9461789308049692\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for valor in x:\n",
    "    print(valor)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 70,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class MyInteger(int):\n",
    "    #def __init__(self, valor):\n",
    "    #    self = valor\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def __add__(self,outro):\n",
    "        return self * outro"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 71,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = MyInteger(2)\n",
    "b = MyInteger(5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 72,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "10"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 72,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a + b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 73,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "10"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 73,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a * b"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 75,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Help on wrapper_descriptor:\n",
      "\n",
      "__mul__(self, value, /)\n",
      "    Return self*value.\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "help(MyInteger.__mul__)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 81,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class MyDict(dict):\n",
    "    pass"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 78,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "z = MyList([1,2,3,4])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 80,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Help on method-wrapper object:\n",
      "\n",
      "__init__ = class method-wrapper(object)\n",
      " |  Methods defined here:\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __call__(self, /, *args, **kwargs)\n",
      " |      Call self as a function.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __eq__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self==value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __ge__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self>=value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __getattribute__(self, name, /)\n",
      " |      Return getattr(self, name).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __gt__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self>value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __hash__(self, /)\n",
      " |      Return hash(self).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __le__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self<=value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __lt__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self<value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __ne__(self, value, /)\n",
      " |      Return self!=value.\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __reduce__(...)\n",
      " |      helper for pickle\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __repr__(self, /)\n",
      " |      Return repr(self).\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------\n",
      " |  Data descriptors defined here:\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __objclass__\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __self__\n",
      " |  \n",
      " |  __text_signature__\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "help(z.__init__)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Exercício com Classes:  \n",
    "Crie uma classe \"Automovel\", com propriedades:  \n",
    "- Modelo (atributo) --> O modelo do Automovel  \n",
    "- Autonomia (método)  --> Deve retornar quantos km ele pode andar  \n",
    "- Nível do tanque (método e atributo) --> Deve retornar o número de litros do tanque  \n",
    "- Capacidade do tanque (Atributo) --> Quantidade de litros do tanque \"cheio\", capacidade máxima    \n",
    "- Consumo (atributo) --> Um valor representando o consumo em km por litro  \n",
    "- Abastece (método) --> Acrescenta um numero de litros de combustível ao tanque, até, no máximo, sua capacidade  \n",
    "- Anda (método) --> Faz o automóvel andar um número específico de km  \n",
    "- Odometro --> (atributo) Retorna o número total de km andados  \n",
    "- Odometro parcial (atributo) --> Retorna o número de km andados desde o ultimo abastecimento  "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Auto:\n",
    "    def __init__(self, modelo, consumo, capacidade_tanque):\n",
    "        self.modelo = modelo\n",
    "        self.consumo = consumo\n",
    "        self.capacidade_tanque = capacidade_tanque\n",
    "        self.odometro = 0\n",
    "        self.odometro_parcial = 0\n",
    "        self.combustivel = 0\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def anda(self,km):\n",
    "        if km/self.consumo < self.combustivel:\n",
    "            self.combustivel -= (km/self.consumo)\n",
    "            self.odometro += km\n",
    "            self.odometro_parcial += km\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            print('Você só pode andar {0:.2f} Km'.format(self.autonomia()))\n",
    "\n",
    "    def abastece(self, litros):\n",
    "        self.falta = self.capacidade_tanque - self.combustivel\n",
    "        if litros > self.falta:\n",
    "            print('Você só pode abastecer {0:.2f} litros'.format(self.falta))\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            self.odometro_parcial = 0\n",
    "            self.combustivel += litros\n",
    "            print('Abastecemos {0:.2f} litros'.format(litros))\n",
    "            print('Tanque possui {0:.2f} litros'.format(self.combustivel))\n",
    "\n",
    "    def autonomia(self):\n",
    "        self.atnm = self.combustivel*self.consumo\n",
    "        print('A autonomia é de {0:.2f} Km'.format(self.atnm))\n",
    "        return self.atnm\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def nivel_tanque(self):\n",
    "        print('O tanque contém {0:.2f} litros'.format(self.combustivel))\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def mostra_odometro(self):\n",
    "        print('Odômetro parcial: {0:.2f}'.format(self.odometro_parcial))\n",
    "        print('Odômetro total: {0:.2f}'.format(self.odometro))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meucarro = Auto('Nissam',9,40)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meucarro.anda(240)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meucarro.abastece(20)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meucarro.autonomia()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meucarro.anda(240)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meucarro.anda(100)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meucarro.mostra_odometro()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meucarro.abastece(20)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meucarro.autonomia()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "meucarro.mostra_odometro()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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