00-Python Object and Data Structure Basics/09-Objects and Data Structures Assessment Test.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Objects and Data Structures Assessment Test"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "source": [
    "## Test your knowledge. \n",
    "\n",
    "** Answer the following questions **"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "source": [
    "Write a brief description of all the following Object Types and Data Structures we've learned about: "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Numbers: Data type used for integers and floats.\n",
    "\n",
    "Strings: Immutable data type used for text.\n",
    "\n",
    "Lists: Mutable, Ordered list of values of different data types (strings, numbers, lists, dictionaries, tuples)\n",
    "\n",
    "Tuples: Immutable ordered list of values of different data types.\n",
    "\n",
    "Dictionaries: Mutable, unordered collection of key/value pairs.\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Numbers\n",
    "\n",
    "Write an equation that uses multiplication, division, an exponent, addition, and subtraction that is equal to 100.25.\n",
    "\n",
    "Hint: This is just to test your memory of the basic arithmetic commands, work backwards from 100.25"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "100.25"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(10 ** 2) * 2 / 4 + 60 - 9.75"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Answer these 3 questions without typing code. Then type code to check your answer.\n",
    "\n",
    "    What is the value of the expression 4 * (6 + 5)\n",
    "    \n",
    "    What is the value of the expression 4 * 6 + 5 \n",
    "    \n",
    "    What is the value of the expression 4 + 6 * 5 "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "float"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 41,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(3 + 1.5 + 4)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "What is the *type* of the result of the expression 3 + 1.5 + 4?<br><br>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "What would you use to find a number’s square root, as well as its square? "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "4.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 9,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Square root:\n",
    "import math\n",
    "math.sqrt(16)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "16.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 11,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Square:\n",
    "import math\n",
    "math.pow(4,2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Strings"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Given the string 'hello' give an index command that returns 'e'. Enter your code in the cell below:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "e\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s = 'hello'\n",
    "# Print out 'e' using indexing\n",
    "print(s[1])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Reverse the string 'hello' using slicing:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "olleh\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s ='hello'\n",
    "# Reverse the string using slicing\n",
    "print(s[::-1])\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Given the string hello, give two methods of producing the letter 'o' using indexing."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "o\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s ='hello'\n",
    "# Print out the 'o'\n",
    "\n",
    "# Method 1:\n",
    "print(s[4])\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "o\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Method 2:\n",
    "print(s[-1])\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Lists"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Build this list [0,0,0] two separate ways."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[0, 0, 0]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 16,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Method 1:\n",
    "[0,0,0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[0, 0, 0]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Method 2:\n",
    "l = []\n",
    "l.append(0)\n",
    "l.append(0)\n",
    "l.append(0)\n",
    "print(l)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Reassign 'hello' in this nested list to say 'goodbye' instead:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 2, [3, 4, 'goodbye']]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list3 = [1,2,[3,4,'hello']]\n",
    "list3[2][2] = 'goodbye'\n",
    "print(list3)\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Sort the list below:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 3, 4, 5, 6]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list4 = [5,3,4,6,1]\n",
    "list4.sort()\n",
    "print(list4)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Dictionaries"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Using keys and indexing, grab the 'hello' from the following dictionaries:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "hello\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d = {'simple_key':'hello'}\n",
    "# Grab 'hello'\n",
    "print(d['simple_key'])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "hello\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "d = {'k1':{'k2':'hello'}}\n",
    "# Grab 'hello'\n",
    "print(d['k1']['k2'])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "hello\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Getting a little tricker\n",
    "d = {'k1':[{'nest_key':['this is deep',['hello']]}]}\n",
    "\n",
    "#Grab hello\n",
    "print(d['k1'][0]['nest_key'][1][0])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "hello\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# This will be hard and annoying!\n",
    "d = {'k1':[1,2,{'k2':['this is tricky',{'tough':[1,2,['hello']]}]}]}\n",
    "print(d['k1'][2]['k2'][1]['tough'][2][0])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Can you sort a dictionary? Why or why not?\n",
    "<br>\n",
    "A dictionary does not have a method to sort it, but you can retrieve the keys and values of a dictionary as a list and sort them.\n",
    "<br>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Tuples"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "What is the major difference between tuples and lists?<br>\n",
    "<br>\n",
    "A tuple is an immutable list of different data types.\n",
    "A list is a mutable list containing different data types."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "How do you create a tuple?<br>\n",
    "A tuple is created with parentheses, e.g. my_typle = ('item1')\n",
    "<br>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Sets "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "What is unique about a set?<br>\n",
    "A set is a special type of list that can contain a single value only once.\n",
    "<br>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Use a set to find the unique values of the list below:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 34,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{1, 2, 33, 4, 3, 11, 22}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list5 = [1,2,2,33,4,4,11,22,3,3,2]\n",
    "my_set = set(list5)\n",
    "print(my_set)\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Booleans"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "For the following quiz questions, we will get a preview of comparison operators. In the table below, a=3 and b=4.\n",
    "\n",
    "<table class=\"table table-bordered\">\n",
    "<tr>\n",
    "<th style=\"width:10%\">Operator</th><th style=\"width:45%\">Description</th><th>Example</th>\n",
    "</tr>\n",
    "<tr>\n",
    "<td>==</td>\n",
    "<td>If the values of two operands are equal, then the condition becomes true.</td>\n",
    "<td> (a == b) is not true.</td>\n",
    "</tr>\n",
    "<tr>\n",
    "<td>!=</td>\n",
    "<td>If values of two operands are not equal, then condition becomes true.</td>\n",
    "<td> (a != b) is true.</td>\n",
    "</tr>\n",
    "<tr>\n",
    "<td>&gt;</td>\n",
    "<td>If the value of left operand is greater than the value of right operand, then condition becomes true.</td>\n",
    "<td> (a &gt; b) is not true.</td>\n",
    "</tr>\n",
    "<tr>\n",
    "<td>&lt;</td>\n",
    "<td>If the value of left operand is less than the value of right operand, then condition becomes true.</td>\n",
    "<td> (a &lt; b) is true.</td>\n",
    "</tr>\n",
    "<tr>\n",
    "<td>&gt;=</td>\n",
    "<td>If the value of left operand is greater than or equal to the value of right operand, then condition becomes true.</td>\n",
    "<td> (a &gt;= b) is not true. </td>\n",
    "</tr>\n",
    "<tr>\n",
    "<td>&lt;=</td>\n",
    "<td>If the value of left operand is less than or equal to the value of right operand, then condition becomes true.</td>\n",
    "<td> (a &lt;= b) is true. </td>\n",
    "</tr>\n",
    "</table>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "What will be the resulting Boolean of the following pieces of code (answer fist then check by typing it in!)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 35,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Answer before running cell\n",
    "2 > 3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 36,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Answer before running cell\n",
    "3 <= 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 37,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Answer before running cell\n",
    "3 == 2.0"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 38,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Answer before running cell\n",
    "3.0 == 3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 39,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Answer before running cell\n",
    "4**0.5 != 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Final Question: What is the boolean output of the cell block below?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 40,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 40,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# two nested lists\n",
    "l_one = [1,2,[3,4]]\n",
    "l_two = [1,2,{'k1':4}]\n",
    "\n",
    "# True or False?\n",
    "l_one[2][0] >= l_two[2]['k1']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Great Job on your first assessment! "
   ]
  }
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