Oritavancine

L'oritavancine est un antibiotique de type glycopeptide, ciblant essentiellement les bactéries Gram positif, en cours de développement.

Spectre

Elle est active sur le staphylococcus aureus résistant à la méticilline ou à la Vancomycine, sur les entérocoques, qu'ils soient sensibles ou résistants à la vancomycine^[1]. et sur les streptocoques^[2].

Mode d'action

Elle fragilise la paroi bactérienne, entraînant sa rupture et la mort de la bactérie^[3]. Elle inhibe également la transglycosylation et la transpeptisation bactérienne^[4].

Pharmacocinétique

Sa demi-vie dépasse dix jours, permettant théoriquement des traitements en prise unique^[5]^,^[6]. Les doses nécessitent une adaptation chez les patients en surpoids^[7].

La molécule ne semble pas dialysable^[8].

Évaluation

Dans les infections cutanées à bacilles Gram positif, l'oritavancine, donnée en une dose unique, est au moins équivalente à la vancomycine donnée de manière journalière^[9].

Notes et références

↑ McKay GA, Beaulieu S, Arhin FF et al. Time-kill kinetics of oritavancin and comparator agents against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, J Antimicrob Chemother, 2009;63:1191-1199
↑ Arhin FF, Draghi DC, Pillar CM, Parr TR Jr, Moeck G, Sahm DF, Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2009;53:4762-4771
↑ Belley A, McKay GA, Arhin FF et al. Oritavancin disrupts membrane integrity of Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci to effect rapid bacterial killing, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2010;54:5369-5371
↑ Zhanel GG, Schweizer F, Karlowsky JA, Oritavancin: mechanism of action, Clin Infect Dis, 2012;54:Suppl 3:S214-S219
↑ Tice A, Oritavancin: a new opportunity for outpatient therapy of serious infections, Clin Infect Dis, 2012;54:Suppl 3:S239-S243
↑ Dunbar LM, Milata J, McClure T, Wasilewski MM, Comparison of the efficacy and safety of oritavancin front-loaded dosing regimens to daily dosing: an analysis of the SIMPLIFI trial, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2011;55:3476-3484
↑ Rubino CM, Van Wart SA, Bhavnani SM, Ambrose PG, McCollam JS, Forrest A, Oritavancin population pharmacokinetics in healthy subjects and patients with complicated skin and skin structure infections or bacteremia, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2009;53:4422-4428
↑ Kumar A, Mann HJ, Keshtgarpour M et al. In vitro characterization of oritavancin clearance from human blood by low-flux, high-flux, and continuous renal replacement therapy dialyzers, Int J Artif Organs, 2011;34:1067-1074
↑ Corey GR, Kabler H, Mehra P et al. Single-Dose Oritavancin in the treatment of acute bacterial skin infections, N Engl J Med, 2014;370:2180-2190

[McKay_2009-1] McKay GA, Beaulieu S, Arhin FF et al. Time-kill kinetics of oritavancin and comparator agents against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, J Antimicrob Chemother, 2009;63:1191-1199

[Arhin_2009-2] Arhin FF, Draghi DC, Pillar CM, Parr TR Jr, Moeck G, Sahm DF, Comparative in vitro activity profile of oritavancin against recent gram-positive clinical isolates, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2009;53:4762-4771

[Belley_2010-3] Belley A, McKay GA, Arhin FF et al. Oritavancin disrupts membrane integrity of Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci to effect rapid bacterial killing, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2010;54:5369-5371

[Zhanel_2012-4] Zhanel GG, Schweizer F, Karlowsky JA, Oritavancin: mechanism of action, Clin Infect Dis, 2012;54:Suppl 3:S214-S219

[Tice_2012-5] Tice A, Oritavancin: a new opportunity for outpatient therapy of serious infections, Clin Infect Dis, 2012;54:Suppl 3:S239-S243

[Dunbar_2011-6] Dunbar LM, Milata J, McClure T, Wasilewski MM, Comparison of the efficacy and safety of oritavancin front-loaded dosing regimens to daily dosing: an analysis of the SIMPLIFI trial, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2011;55:3476-3484

[Rubino_2009-7] Rubino CM, Van Wart SA, Bhavnani SM, Ambrose PG, McCollam JS, Forrest A, Oritavancin population pharmacokinetics in healthy subjects and patients with complicated skin and skin structure infections or bacteremia, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2009;53:4422-4428

[Kumar_2011-8] Kumar A, Mann HJ, Keshtgarpour M et al. In vitro characterization of oritavancin clearance from human blood by low-flux, high-flux, and continuous renal replacement therapy dialyzers, Int J Artif Organs, 2011;34:1067-1074

[Corey_2014-9] Corey GR, Kabler H, Mehra P et al. Single-Dose Oritavancin in the treatment of acute bacterial skin infections, N Engl J Med, 2014;370:2180-2190

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