pakastaa
Appearance
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]pakkas- + -taa; compare ukkostaa
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]pakastaa
- (transitive) to freeze to a low (around –20 °C) for long-term storage
- (intransitive, of weather) to freeze, get colder (to drop below zero °C)
- Taitaa vähän pakastaa.
- It seems that the weather is getting a little colder.
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of pakastaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | pakastan | en pakasta | 1st sing. | olen pakastanut | en ole pakastanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | pakastat | et pakasta | 2nd sing. | olet pakastanut | et ole pakastanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | pakastaa | ei pakasta | 3rd sing. | on pakastanut | ei ole pakastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | pakastamme | emme pakasta | 1st plur. | olemme pakastaneet | emme ole pakastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | pakastatte | ette pakasta | 2nd plur. | olette pakastaneet | ette ole pakastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | pakastavat | eivät pakasta | 3rd plur. | ovat pakastaneet | eivät ole pakastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | pakastetaan | ei pakasteta | passive | on pakastettu | ei ole pakastettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | pakastin | en pakastanut | 1st sing. | olin pakastanut | en ollut pakastanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | pakastit | et pakastanut | 2nd sing. | olit pakastanut | et ollut pakastanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | pakasti | ei pakastanut | 3rd sing. | oli pakastanut | ei ollut pakastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | pakastimme | emme pakastaneet | 1st plur. | olimme pakastaneet | emme olleet pakastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | pakastitte | ette pakastaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte pakastaneet | ette olleet pakastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | pakastivat | eivät pakastaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat pakastaneet | eivät olleet pakastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | pakastettiin | ei pakastettu | passive | oli pakastettu | ei ollut pakastettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | pakastaisin | en pakastaisi | 1st sing. | olisin pakastanut | en olisi pakastanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | pakastaisit | et pakastaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit pakastanut | et olisi pakastanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | pakastaisi | ei pakastaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi pakastanut | ei olisi pakastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | pakastaisimme | emme pakastaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme pakastaneet | emme olisi pakastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | pakastaisitte | ette pakastaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte pakastaneet | ette olisi pakastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | pakastaisivat | eivät pakastaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat pakastaneet | eivät olisi pakastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | pakastettaisiin | ei pakastettaisi | passive | olisi pakastettu | ei olisi pakastettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | pakasta | älä pakasta | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | pakastakoon | älköön pakastako | 3rd sing. | olkoon pakastanut | älköön olko pakastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | pakastakaamme | älkäämme pakastako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | pakastakaa | älkää pakastako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | pakastakoot | älkööt pakastako | 3rd plur. | olkoot pakastaneet | älkööt olko pakastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | pakastettakoon | älköön pakastettako | passive | olkoon pakastettu | älköön olko pakastettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | pakastanen | en pakastane | 1st sing. | lienen pakastanut | en liene pakastanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | pakastanet | et pakastane | 2nd sing. | lienet pakastanut | et liene pakastanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | pakastanee | ei pakastane | 3rd sing. | lienee pakastanut | ei liene pakastanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | pakastanemme | emme pakastane | 1st plur. | lienemme pakastaneet | emme liene pakastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | pakastanette | ette pakastane | 2nd plur. | lienette pakastaneet | ette liene pakastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | pakastanevat | eivät pakastane | 3rd plur. | lienevät pakastaneet | eivät liene pakastaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | pakastettaneen | ei pakastettane | passive | lienee pakastettu | ei liene pakastettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | pakastaa | present | pakastava | pakastettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
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past | pakastanut | pakastettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | pakastaessa | pakastettaessa | agent4 | pakastama | ||||||||||||||||
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negative | pakastamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | pakastaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | pakastamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | pakastamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | pakastamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | pakastamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | pakastamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | pakastaman | pakastettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | pakastaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
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Antonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]nouns
verbs
Further reading
[edit]- “pakastaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03