fermento

See also: fermentó and fermentò

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [fərˈmen.tu]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [fərˈmen.to]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [feɾˈmen.to]

Verb

fermento

1. first-person singular present indicative of fermentar

Galician

Etymology 1

From Latin fermentum (“yeast”).

Alternative forms

• formento

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /feɾˈmento̝/, /feɾˈmɛnto̝/

Noun

fermento m (plural fermentos)

1. leaven

   Synonyms: isco, lévedo

2. yeast
3. sourdough

   Synonym: lévedo

References

• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “fermento”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “fermento”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “fermento”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Etymology 2

Verb

fermento

1. first-person singular present indicative of fermentar

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ferˈmen.to/
• Rhymes: -ento
• Hyphenation: fer‧mén‧to

Etymology 1

From Latin fermentum.

Noun

fermento m (plural fermenti)

1. ferment (all senses)
2. yeast

Related terms

• fermentare

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

fermento

1. first-person singular present indicative of fermentare

Further reading

• fermento in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Latin

Etymology

From fermentum (“that which causes fermentation, yeast”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ferˈmen.toː/, [fɛrˈmɛn̪t̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ferˈmen.to/, [ferˈmɛn̪t̪o]

Verb

fermentō (present infinitive fermentāre, perfect active fermentāvī, supine fermentātum); first conjugation

1. to cause to rise, ferment or leaven
2. to cause to swell, break up or loosen
3. (in passive) to rise or ferment
4. (figuratively) to sour or spoil
5. (figuratively) to aerate (soil)

Conjugation

Conjugation of fermentō (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	fermentō	fermentās	fermentat	fermentāmus	fermentātis	fermentant
	imperfect	fermentābam	fermentābās	fermentābat	fermentābāmus	fermentābātis	fermentābant
	future	fermentābō	fermentābis	fermentābit	fermentābimus	fermentābitis	fermentābunt
	perfect	fermentāvī	fermentāvistī	fermentāvit	fermentāvimus	fermentāvistis	fermentāvērunt, fermentāvēre
	pluperfect	fermentāveram	fermentāverās	fermentāverat	fermentāverāmus	fermentāverātis	fermentāverant
	future perfect	fermentāverō	fermentāveris	fermentāverit	fermentāverimus	fermentāveritis	fermentāverint
passive	present	fermentor	fermentāris, fermentāre	fermentātur	fermentāmur	fermentāminī	fermentantur
	imperfect	fermentābar	fermentābāris, fermentābāre	fermentābātur	fermentābāmur	fermentābāminī	fermentābantur
	future	fermentābor	fermentāberis, fermentābere	fermentābitur	fermentābimur	fermentābiminī	fermentābuntur
	perfect	fermentātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	fermentātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	fermentātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	fermentem	fermentēs	fermentet	fermentēmus	fermentētis	fermentent
	imperfect	fermentārem	fermentārēs	fermentāret	fermentārēmus	fermentārētis	fermentārent
	perfect	fermentāverim	fermentāverīs	fermentāverit	fermentāverīmus	fermentāverītis	fermentāverint
	pluperfect	fermentāvissem	fermentāvissēs	fermentāvisset	fermentāvissēmus	fermentāvissētis	fermentāvissent
passive	present	fermenter	fermentēris, fermentēre	fermentētur	fermentēmur	fermentēminī	fermententur
	imperfect	fermentārer	fermentārēris, fermentārēre	fermentārētur	fermentārēmur	fermentārēminī	fermentārentur
	perfect	fermentātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	fermentātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	fermentā	—	—	fermentāte	—
	future	—	fermentātō	fermentātō	—	fermentātōte	fermentantō
passive	present	—	fermentāre	—	—	fermentāminī	—
	future	—	fermentātor	fermentātor	—	—	fermentantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		fermentāre	fermentāvisse	fermentātūrum esse	fermentārī	fermentātum esse	fermentātum īrī
participles		fermentāns	—	fermentātūrus	—	fermentātus	fermentandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		fermentandī	fermentandō	fermentandum	fermentandō	fermentātum	fermentātū

Derived terms

• confermentō
• fermentātus

Related terms

• fermentārius
• fermentescō
• fermentum

 

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: frimintu, frimintari
  • Istro-Romanian: fermenta
  • Romanian: frământa, frământare
• Borrowings:
  • → Friulian: fermentâ
  • → Galician: fermentar
  • → Catalan: fermentar
  • → English: ferment
  • → French: fermenter
    • → Romanian: fermenta
  • → Italian: fermentare
  • → Piedmontese: fermenté
  • → Portuguese: fermentar
  • → Spanish: fermentar
  • → Swedish: fermentera

References

• “fermento”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• fermento in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Portuguese

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin fermentum (“yeast”), from ferveō (“to boil”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /feʁˈmẽ.tu/ [feɦˈmẽ.tu]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /feʁˈmẽ.tu/ [feɦˈmẽ.tu]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /feɾˈmẽ.tu/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /feʁˈmẽ.tu/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /feɻˈmẽ.to/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /fɨɾˈmẽ.tu/

• Hyphenation: fer‧men‧to

Noun

fermento m (plural fermentos)

1. yeast (fungus)

   Synonyms: lêvedo, levedura

Related terms

• fermentação
• fermentáceo
• fermentado
• fermentante
• fermentar
• fermentativo
• fermentável
• fermentoso
• ferver
• fervimento

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

fermento

1. first-person singular present indicative of fermentar

Further reading

• “fermento”, in iDicionário Aulete (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2024
• “fermento”, in Dicionário inFormal (in Portuguese), 2006–2024
• “fermento”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024
• “fermento”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2024
• “fermento”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /feɾˈmento/ [feɾˈmẽn̪.t̪o]
• Rhymes: -ento
• Syllabification: fer‧men‧to

Etymology 1

From Latin fermentum.

Noun

fermento m (plural fermentos)

1. ferment

Related terms

• fermentar

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

fermento

1. first-person singular present indicative of fermentar

Further reading

• “fermento”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28