dhyana

English

Alternative forms

• jhana

Etymology

From Sanskrit ध्यान (dhyāna, literally “meditation”). Doublet of Zen and Chan.

Pronunciation

• (UK, US) IPA^(key): /ˈdjɑːnə/

Noun

dhyana (countable and uncountable, plural dhyanas)

1. (Hinduism, Buddhism) A type of profound meditation.
   • 1844, Calcutta Review, page 123:

     Thus the Kaivalyopanisad accords equal importance to Sraddha (faith-regard), devotion (bhakti) and meditation (dhyana) for the attainment of the highest knowledge.

   • 1860, Robert Spence Hardy, Eastern monachism‎^[1], page 262:

     The beginning must be made with pathawi-kasina, and then the dhyánas, &c., must be taken alternately, as from the first dhyána to the third, then to ákásánancháyatana, and so on to the end.

   • 1997, Meditation: The Buddhist Way of Tranquillity and Insight‎^[2], page 86:

     Each of the three planes may be experienced through developing the dhyānas in meditation - so here we have yet another way of describing higher states of consciousness.

Translations

type of profound meditation

• Burmese: ဈာန် (my) (jhan)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 禪／禅 (zh) (chán), 禪那／禅那 (zh) (chánnuó)

• Finnish: dhyana
• Marathi: ध्यान (dhyān)
• Vietnamese: thiền (vi) (禪), thiền na (禪那)

Anagrams

• Danahy