brath

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See also: bráð and bráth

English

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle English brath, broth, braith, from Old Norse bráðr (hasty, sudden), from Proto-Germanic *brēþaz (hot, in a hurry, rushed), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrē-, *bʰerē- (steam, vapour), from *bʰer- (to seethe, toss about, cook). Cognate with Icelandic bráður (quick, hasty, excited), Swedish bråd (hasty, sudden, urgent), Danish bråd (hasty, sudden). Related to breath, brew.

Adjective

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brath (comparative brather or more brath, superlative brathest or most brath)

  1. (UK dialectal) Hasty; violent; fierce; strong.
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Middle English brath, from Old Norse bráð (haste), from bráðr (hasty). See above.

Noun

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brath (uncountable)

  1. (UK dialectal) Violence; fierceness; anger; fury; fit of rage.

Anagrams

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Irish

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Etymology

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From Middle Irish brath, from Old Irish mrath (treachery, betrayal),[1] from Proto-Celtic *mratom (deceit), from Proto-Indo-European *merh₂- (crumble, destroy).[2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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brath m (genitive singular as substantive braith, genitive as verbal noun braite)

  1. verbal noun of braith
  2. perception, feeling, detection
  3. spying, betrayal
  4. expectation, intention; dependence, reliance (with ar (on))
    Tá mé ag brath ort.
    I’m relying on you.

Declension

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Verbal noun:

Substantive:

Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
brath bhrath mbrath
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “brath”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*mrato-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
  3. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 188, page 94
  4. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 175, page 67

Further reading

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  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “brath”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
  • Mullen, Alex (2019) Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean: Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN
  • Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN

Scottish Gaelic

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Etymology

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From Middle Irish brath, from Old Irish mrath (treachery, betrayal), from Proto-Celtic *mratom (deceit), from Proto-Indo-European *merh₂- (crumble, destroy).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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brath m (genitive singular bratha)

  1. knowledge, notice, informing, information
  2. treachery, advantage by unfair means, betraying, spying
  3. treason, betrayal
  4. intention, design
  5. pursuit of information
  6. expectation
  7. opinion, idea, guess
  8. mass, lump
  9. lie
  10. dependence

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
brath bhrath
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “brath”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “brath”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  • Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*mrato-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
  • Mullen, Alex (2019) Southern Gaul and the Mediterranean: Multilingualism and Multiple Identities in the Iron Age and Roman Periods, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN
  • Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN

Welsh

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *brazdos, alternative form of *brozdos (point, tip) (compare Middle Irish brot (goad, spike)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰresdʰh₁-, from *bʰers- (tip, point). Related to Old Norse broddr.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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brath m (plural brathau)

  1. bite, sting, stab
  2. wound, injury

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
brath frath mrath unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “brath”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
  • Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*brozdo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 80