View source for subglacial

==English==
{{was wotd|2023|December|27}}

===Etymology===
{{PIE word|en|upó}}
From {{prefix|en|sub|pos1={{glossary|prefix}} meaning ‘beneath, under’|glacial|t2=of or relating to glaciers; cold and icy; (''figurative'') very slow}}.<ref>{{R:OED Online|pos=adj|id=1171242019|date=July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{R:Collins English Dictionary|pos=adj}}</ref>

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/sʌbˈɡleɪ.ʃl̩/|/sʌbˈɡleɪ.ʃɪ.əl/|a=RP}}
* {{audio|en|LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-subglacial.wav|a=Southern England}}
* {{IPA|en|/ˌsʌbˈɡleɪ.ʃ(ə)l/|a=GA}}
* {{rhymes|en|eɪʃəl|s=3}}
* {{hyphenation|en|sub|gla|ci|al}}

===Adjective===
{{en-adj|-}}

# [[form#Verb|Formed]] or [[occur]]ring beneath a [[glacier]] or other [[body#Noun|body]] of [[ice#Noun|ice]].
#: {{antonyms|en|supraglacial}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|author=J. R.|title=Art. VI. Observations on the Causes which Occasion the Variation of Temperature between Spring and River Water.|editor=[[w:John Claudius Loudon|J[ohn] C[laudius] Loudon]]|journal=[[w:Journal of Natural History|The Magazine of Natural History, and Journal of Zoology, Botany, Mineralogy, Geology, and Meteorology]]|location=London|publisher={{...|Printed [by]}} &#91;{{w|Andrew Spottiswoode}}&#93; for [[w:Longman|Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman]],{{nb...|Paternoster-Row.}}|date=2 September 1836|year_published=October 1836|volume=IX|issue=66|page=534|pageurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pac8AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA534|oclc=228670914|passage=These streams continue to flow in winter as well as in summer, although in less quantity; {{...}} It is also this melting beneath the ice ('''subglacial''', suppose we call it) which loosens the ice from the ground, and occasions, or rather permits, the perpetual downward movement, with which "The glacier's cold and restless mass / Moves onward day by day."}}
# {{lb|en|hyperbolic|informal}} [[move#Verb|Moving]] at a [[rate#Noun|rate]] allegedly [[slow#Adjective|slower]] than a glacier; [[extremely]] slow.
#: {{synonyms|en|glacial|Thesaurus:slow}}
#: {{antonyms|en|Thesaurus:speedy}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|author=Nigel Harris|title=Comment: We MUST Seize the Moment|journal=[[w:Rail (magazine)|Rail]]|location=Peterborough, Cambridgeshire|publisher=[[w:Bauer Media Group|Bauer Media]]|date=23 September 2020|page=3|issn=0953-4563|oclc=999467860|passage=Securing political approval for even modest changes to railway organisation and structure has been of '''sub-glacial''' speed and complexity since 2004, when Government abolished the Strategic Rail Authority and put itself in charge.}}

====Derived terms====
{{col3|en
|subglacial duct
|subglacial lake
|subglacially
|subglacial rill
|subglacial stream
|subglacial volcano
}}

====Translations====
{{trans-top|formed or occurring beneath a glacier or other body of ice}}
* Asturian: {{t|ast|subglacial}}
* Basque: {{t|eu|glaziarpeko}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|подледниковото}}
* Catalan: {{t|ca|subglacial}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t+|cmn|冰下|tr=bīngxià}}
* Czech: {{t|cs|subglaciální}}
* Danish: {{t|da|subglacial}}, {{t|da|isdækket}}
* Dutch: {{t|nl|subglaciale}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|subglacia}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|subglasiaalinen}}, {{t|fi|jäänalainen}}, {{t|fi|[[jäätikkö|jäätikön]] [[alainen]]}}
* French: {{t+|fr|subglaciaire}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|ყინულქვეშა}}
* German: {{t+|de|subglazial}}
* Hindi: {{t|hi|हिमानीगत}}
* Indonesian: {{t|id|subglasial}}
* Italian: {{t|it|subglaciale}}
* Japanese: {{t|ja|氷底|tr=ひょうてい, hyōtei}}
* Korean: {{t|ko|빙저(氷底)}}
* Latin: {{t|la|subglacialis}}
* Latvian: {{t|lv|subglaciālais}}, {{t|lv|zemledus}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|субглацијално}}, {{t|mk|подглечероско}}, {{t|mk|подледничко}}
* Norwegian:
*: Nynorsk: {{t|nn|subglasial}}
* Occitan: {{t|oc|subglaciala}}
* Polish: {{t|pl|subglacjalne}}, {{t|pl|podlodowcowe}}
* Portuguese: {{t|pt|subglacial}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|подледнико́вый}}, {{t+|ru|подлёдный}}
* Spanish: {{t|es|subglacial}}, {{t|es|subglaciar}}
* Swedish: {{t|sv|subglacial}}
* Tagalog: {{t|tl|subglasyal}}
* Turkish: {{t|tr|buzulaltı}}
* Ukrainian: {{t|uk|підльодовикове}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top-also|moving at a rate allegedly slower than a glacier|slow}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|[[jäävuori|jäävuorta]] [[hitaampi]]}}
* Macedonian: {{t-needed|mk}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===References===
<references/>

{{cln|en|terms suffixed with -al}}
{{C|en|Ice}}

==Spanish==

===Etymology===
{{af|es|sub-|glacial}}

===Pronunciation===
{{es-pr}}

===Adjective===
{{es-adj}}

# {{l|en|subglacial}}