عفو
Arabic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]عَفْو • (ʕafw) m
- verbal noun of عَفَا (ʕafā) (form I)
- pardon, forgiveness, remission of sins, amnesty, absolution
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:219:
- وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ مَاذَا يُنْفِقُونَ قُلِ ٱلْعَفْوَ
- wayasʔalūnaka māḏā yunfiqūna quli l-ʕafwa
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension
[edit]Declension of noun عَفْو (ʕafw)
Descendants
[edit]- → Azerbaijani: əfv
- → Chagatai: عَفْو
- → Northern Kurdish: efû
- → Ottoman Turkish: عفو (ʻafv)
- Turkish: af
- → Persian: عفو ('afv)
- → Urdu: عفو
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]عَفُوّ • (ʕafuww)
- remitting much, clement, inclined to frequent pardon
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 4:149:
- إِنْ تُبْدُوا خَيْرًا أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ أَوْ تَعْفُوا عَنْ سُوءٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّٰهَ كَانَ عَفُوًّا قَدِيرًا
- ʔin tubdū ḵayran ʔaw tuḵfūhu ʔaw taʕfū ʕan sūʔin faʔinna llāha kāna ʕafuwwan qadīran
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension
[edit]Declension of adjective عَفُوّ (ʕafuww)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | basic singular triptote | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | عَفُوّ ʕafuww |
الْعَفُوّ al-ʕafuww |
عَفُوّ ʕafuww |
الْعَفُوّ al-ʕafuww |
Nominative | عَفُوٌّ ʕafuwwun |
الْعَفُوُّ al-ʕafuwwu |
عَفُوٌّ ʕafuwwun |
الْعَفُوُّ al-ʕafuwwu |
Accusative | عَفُوًّا ʕafuwwan |
الْعَفُوَّ al-ʕafuwwa |
عَفُوًّا ʕafuwwan |
الْعَفُوَّ al-ʕafuwwa |
Genitive | عَفُوٍّ ʕafuwwin |
الْعَفُوِّ al-ʕafuwwi |
عَفُوٍّ ʕafuwwin |
الْعَفُوِّ al-ʕafuwwi |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | عَفُوَّيْن ʕafuwwayn |
الْعَفُوَّيْن al-ʕafuwwayn |
عَفُوَّيْن ʕafuwwayn |
الْعَفُوَّيْن al-ʕafuwwayn |
Nominative | عَفُوَّانِ ʕafuwwāni |
الْعَفُوَّانِ al-ʕafuwwāni |
عَفُوَّانِ ʕafuwwāni |
الْعَفُوَّانِ al-ʕafuwwāni |
Accusative | عَفُوَّيْنِ ʕafuwwayni |
الْعَفُوَّيْنِ al-ʕafuwwayni |
عَفُوَّيْنِ ʕafuwwayni |
الْعَفُوَّيْنِ al-ʕafuwwayni |
Genitive | عَفُوَّيْنِ ʕafuwwayni |
الْعَفُوَّيْنِ al-ʕafuwwayni |
عَفُوَّيْنِ ʕafuwwayni |
الْعَفُوَّيْنِ al-ʕafuwwayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
plural unknown | plural unknown | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | ? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
Nominative | ? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
Accusative | ? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
Genitive | ? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
? ? |
Descendants
[edit]- → Azerbaijani: əfüvv
- → Chagatai: عَفُوّ
- Uzbek: afuvv
- → Kazakh: ғапу (ğapu)
- → Ottoman Turkish: عفو (ʻafüvv)
- Turkish: afüvv
- → Tatar: гафу (ğafu)
- → Persian: عفو ('afovv)
- → Urdu: عفو
Ottoman Turkish
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic عَفْو (ʕafw).
Noun
[edit]عفو • (ʻafv)
- a forgiving, forgiveness, pardon
- an excusing from some duty
- a dismissing or releasing from some office, dismissal; release
Derived terms
[edit]- عفو اتمك (ʻafv etmek)
- عفو اولمق (ʻafv olmak)
- عفو اولنمز (ʻafv olunmaz)
- عفو اولنمق (ʻafv olunmak)
- عفو عمومی (ʻafv-ı ʻumûmî)
Descendants
[edit]- Turkish: af
References
[edit]- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “عفو”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, pages 1308–1309
Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic عَفُوّ (ʕafuww).
Adjective
[edit]عفو • (ʻafüvv)
- habitually forgiving
- all-forgiving (God)
Descendants
[edit]- Turkish: afüvv
References
[edit]- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “عفو”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[2], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1309
Persian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic عَفْو (ʕafw).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ʔafw]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔæfv]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔäfw]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | afw |
Dari reading? | afw |
Iranian reading? | afv |
Tajik reading? | afv |
Noun
[edit]عفو • ('afv)
- erasing, cancelling, obliterating
- effacing the vestiges of the house, covering them with dust (wind)
- forgiving, passing by a transgression
- remitting punishment
- loathing anything
- pardon, forgiveness, remission of sins
Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic عَفُوّ (ʕafuww).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ʔa.fuww]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔæfov]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔä.fuw(ː)]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | afuww |
Dari reading? | afuww |
Iranian reading? | ʔafov |
Tajik reading? | afuvv |
Adjective
[edit]عفو • ('afovv)
- one who forgives much
- عفو و غفور ― 'afovv va ğafur ― (God) the pardoner and forgiver
References
[edit]- Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “عفو”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “عفو”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
Urdu
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic عَفْو (ʕafw).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /(ʔ)əfʋ/
Noun
[edit]عفو • ('afv) m
- absolution, forgiveness, pardon, remission (of sins)
Etymology 2
[edit]Borrowed from Arabic عَفُوّ (ʕafuww).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /(ʔ)ə.fʊʋʋ/
Adjective
[edit]عفو • ('afuvv)
- forgiving, merciful
References
[edit]- “عفو”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- Platts, John T. (1884) “عفو”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- “عفو”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
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