trembler
English
Etymology
Noun
trembler (plural tremblers)
- One who, or that which, trembles.
- Any of various New World passerine birds of the family Mimidae.
- The vibrating hammer, or spring contact piece of a hammer break, as of the electric ignition apparatus for an internal combustion engine.
Derived terms
French
Etymology
Inherited from Middle French trembler, from Old French trambler, trembler, from Late Latin tremulāre, ultimately from Latin tremere (one of the sources of French craindre). Morphological doublet of trémuler.
Pronunciation
Verb
trembler
Conjugation
infinitive | simple | trembler | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | tremblant /tʁɑ̃.blɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | tremblé /tʁɑ̃.ble/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | tremble /tʁɑ̃bl/ |
trembles /tʁɑ̃bl/ |
tremble /tʁɑ̃bl/ |
tremblons /tʁɑ̃.blɔ̃/ |
tremblez /tʁɑ̃.ble/ |
tremblent /tʁɑ̃bl/ |
imperfect | tremblais /tʁɑ̃.blɛ/ |
tremblais /tʁɑ̃.blɛ/ |
tremblait /tʁɑ̃.blɛ/ |
tremblions /tʁɑ̃.bli.jɔ̃/ |
trembliez /tʁɑ̃.bli.je/ |
tremblaient /tʁɑ̃.blɛ/ | |
past historic2 | tremblai /tʁɑ̃.ble/ |
tremblas /tʁɑ̃.bla/ |
trembla /tʁɑ̃.bla/ |
tremblâmes /tʁɑ̃.blam/ |
tremblâtes /tʁɑ̃.blat/ |
tremblèrent /tʁɑ̃.blɛʁ/ | |
future | tremblerai /tʁɑ̃.blə.ʁe/ |
trembleras /tʁɑ̃.blə.ʁa/ |
tremblera /tʁɑ̃.blə.ʁa/ |
tremblerons /tʁɑ̃.blə.ʁɔ̃/ |
tremblerez /tʁɑ̃.blə.ʁe/ |
trembleront /tʁɑ̃.blə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | tremblerais /tʁɑ̃.blə.ʁɛ/ |
tremblerais /tʁɑ̃.blə.ʁɛ/ |
tremblerait /tʁɑ̃.blə.ʁɛ/ |
tremblerions /tʁɑ̃.blə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
trembleriez /tʁɑ̃.blə.ʁje/ |
trembleraient /tʁɑ̃.blə.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | tremble /tʁɑ̃bl/ |
trembles /tʁɑ̃bl/ |
tremble /tʁɑ̃bl/ |
tremblions /tʁɑ̃.bli.jɔ̃/ |
trembliez /tʁɑ̃.bli.je/ |
tremblent /tʁɑ̃bl/ |
imperfect2 | tremblasse /tʁɑ̃.blas/ |
tremblasses /tʁɑ̃.blas/ |
tremblât /tʁɑ̃.bla/ |
tremblassions /tʁɑ̃.bla.sjɔ̃/ |
tremblassiez /tʁɑ̃.bla.sje/ |
tremblassent /tʁɑ̃.blas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | tremble /tʁɑ̃bl/ |
— | tremblons /tʁɑ̃.blɔ̃/ |
tremblez /tʁɑ̃.ble/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
Related terms
Further reading
- “trembler”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French trembler, trambler.
Verb
trembler
Conjugation
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
infinitive | simple | trembler | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle1 or gerund2 | simple | tremblant | |||||
compound | present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past participle | tremblé | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | tremble | trembles | tremble | tremblons | tremblez | tremblent |
imperfect | tremblois, trembloys | tremblois, trembloys | trembloit, trembloyt | tremblions, tremblyons | trembliez, tremblyez | trembloient, trembloyent | |
past historic | trembla | tremblas | trembla | tremblasmes | tremblastes | tremblerent | |
future | tremblerai, trembleray | trembleras | tremblera | tremblerons | tremblerez | trembleront | |
conditional | tremblerois, trembleroys | tremblerois, trembleroys | trembleroit, trembleroyt | tremblerions, trembleryons | trembleriez, trembleryez | trembleroient, trembleroyent | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | tremble | trembles | tremble | tremblons | tremblez | tremblent |
imperfect | tremblasse | tremblasses | tremblast | tremblassions | tremblassiez | tremblassent | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | tremble | — | tremblons | tremblez | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180). |
Descendants
- French: trembler
Old French
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Late Latin tremulāre, ultimately from Latin tremere.
Pronunciation
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Verb
trembler
- to tremble
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. In the present tense an extra supporting e is needed in the first-person singular indicative and throughout the singular subjunctive, and the third-person singular subjunctive ending -t is lost. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | trembler | avoir tremblé | |||||
gerund | en tremblant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | tremblant | ||||||
past participle | tremblé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | tremble | trembles | tremble | tremblons | tremblez | tremblent |
imperfect | trembloie, trembleie, trembloe, trembleve | trembloies, trembleies, trembloes, trembleves | trembloit, trembleit, tremblot, trembleve | trembliiens, trembliens | trembliiez, trembliez | trembloient, trembleient, trembloent, tremblevent | |
preterite | tremblai | tremblas | trembla | tremblames | tremblastes | tremblerent | |
future | tremblerai | trembleras | tremblera | tremblerons | trembleroiz, tremblereiz, tremblerez | trembleront | |
conditional | trembleroie, tremblereie | trembleroies, tremblereies | trembleroit, tremblereit | trembleriiens, trembleriens | trembleriiez, trembleriez | trembleroient, tremblereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | tremble | trembles | tremble | tremblons | tremblez | tremblent |
imperfect | tremblasse | tremblasses | tremblast | tremblissons, tremblissiens | tremblissoiz, tremblissez, tremblissiez | tremblassent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | tremble | — | tremblons | tremblez | — |
Descendants
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *trem-
- English terms suffixed with -er
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Mimids
- French terms inherited from Middle French
- French terms derived from Middle French
- French terms inherited from Old French
- French terms derived from Old French
- French terms inherited from Late Latin
- French terms derived from Late Latin
- French terms inherited from Latin
- French terms derived from Latin
- French doublets
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French terms with homophones
- French lemmas
- French verbs
- French verbs with conjugation -er
- French first group verbs
- Middle French terms inherited from Old French
- Middle French terms derived from Old French
- Middle French lemmas
- Middle French verbs
- Middle French first group verbs
- Old French terms inherited from Late Latin
- Old French terms derived from Late Latin
- Old French terms inherited from Latin
- Old French terms derived from Latin
- Old French terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old French lemmas
- Old French verbs
- Old French terms with quotations
- Old French verbs with weak-a preterite
- Old French first group verbs
- Old French verbs ending in -er