biti

See also: bití, bíti, and bítì

Arawak

Numeral

biti

1. (Eastern Arawak) four.

   Synonym: bithi

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Bikol Central

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: bi‧ti
• IPA^(key): /ˈbitiʔ/ [ˈbi.tiʔ]

Noun

biti

1. (anatomy, usually of fish) A swim bladder of a fish.
2. A swim bladder from the fish known as Abo or Tigertooth croaker, endemic in the San Miguel Bay in the Philippines.

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Cebuano

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: bi‧ti

Verb

biti

1. to snap; to fracture or break apart suddenly

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Huba

Noun

biti

1. water

References

• Ayuba Y. Mshelia, The Story of the Origins of the Bura/Pabir People →ISBN, 2014)
• Mohammed Aminu Mu'azu, A grammar of the Kilba language (2009) (as ɓìtì)

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Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɪːtɪ/
• Rhymes: -ɪːtɪ

Etymology 1

From Old Norse biti.

Noun

biti m (genitive singular bita, nominative plural bitar)

1. piece

   Synonym: stykki

2. mouthful, a morsel

   Synonym: munnbiti

3. snack, bite, small meal

   Viltu fá þér bita? ― Wanna have a bite?

4. crossbeam

   Synonym: þvertré

5. (computing) bit, binary digit

Derived terms

• munnbiti
• (computing): skammtabiti (“qubit”)

Related terms

• bæti

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

biti

1. first-person singular past subjunctive of bíta
2. third-person singular past subjunctive of bíta

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Ido

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbiti/

Noun

biti

1. plural of bito

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Latvian

Noun

biti m

1. (deprecated template usage) nominative plural form of bits
2. (deprecated template usage) vocative plural form of bits

Noun

biti f

1. (deprecated template usage) accusative singular form of bite
2. (deprecated template usage) instrumental singular form of bite

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Lindu

Noun

biti

1. chisel

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²biː.tɪ/

Participle

biti

1. (non-standard since 2012) feminine singular of biten
2. (non-standard since 2012) neuter singular of biten

Verb

biti

1. (non-standard since 2012) supine of bite

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbiː.tɪ/

Noun

biti n

1. (non-standard since 2012) definite plural of bit

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Old Norse

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *bitô, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“to split, crack”).

Noun

biti m (genitive bita)

1. bit, mouthful, morsel
2. eyetooth
3. crossbeam

Declension

  Declension of biti (weak an-stem)

masculine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	biti	bitinn	bitar	bitarnir
accusative	bita	bitann	bita	bitana
dative	bita	bitanum	bitum	bitunum
genitive	bita	bitans	bita	bitanna

Descendants

• Icelandic: biti
• Norwegian Nynorsk: bete
• Norwegian Bokmål: bete

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

biti

1. indefinite dative singular of bit

Verb

biti

1. third-person singular/plural past subjunctive active of bíta

References

• “biti”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *byti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bū́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bîti/
• Hyphenation: bi‧ti

Verb

bȉti impf or pf (Cyrillic spelling би̏ти)

1. (intransitive) to be, to exist

   Biti ili ne biti? ― To be or not to be?

2. (transitive, copulative) Used to connect a noun to an adjective or passive past participle that describes it (equivalent to all English senses and functions as a copula; subject having the state, quality, identity, nature, role, etc., specified.)

   Vrijeme je lijepo, a ja sam sretan! ― The weather is nice and I am happy!

3. (transitive, auxiliary, regional) Used as an auxiliary verb in the present to form near future tense; similar to English going to.

   Nisam siguran, budemo vid(j)eli. ― I'm not sure, we'll see.

4. (transitive, auxiliary) Used as an auxiliary verb to form compound verb tenses (perfect, pluperfect, future perfect, conditional) together with the active past participle.

   Kad si zadnji put bio tamo? ― When were you there the last time?

   Trčao sam. ― I ran. / I have run.

   Trčao bih. ― I would run.

   Bio bih trčao maraton da sam tada imao tenisice za trčanje. ― I would have run the marathon if I had had running shoes at the time.

5. (transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the passive voice together with the passive past participle of the main verb.

   Ulovio sam loptu. Lopta je bila ulovljena. ― I caught the ball. The ball was caught. / The ball has been caught.

6. (intransitive, interrogatively) Used to form a question, usually a polar one.

   Jesi li tu? ― Are you there?

7. (intransitive, copulative, impersonal) Used to indicate a general condition, such as weather, worth or value.

   Pet jabuka jest dva eura. ― Five apples are two euro.

   Rekli su da će danas biti sunčano. ― They said that it's going to be sunny today.

8. (transitive, copulative, mathematics) to equal, to total, to add up to (indicates the equivalence of values)

   Pet plus pet je deset. ― Five plus five is ten.

9. (intransitive, impersonal, in the future tense) Used to express a premonition; there will be, there is going to be, to be coming

   Bit će / Biće rata. ― A war is coming.

Conjugation

Conjugation of biti

Infinitive: biti		Present verbal adverb: bȕdūći		Past verbal adverb: bȋvši		Verbal noun: —
Number		Singular			Plural
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Verbal forms		ja	ti	on / ona / ono	mi	vi	oni / one / ona
Present		jèsam (impf., emphatic) sam (impf.) bȕdēm (pf.)	jèsi (impf., emphatic) si (impf.) bȕdēš (pf.)	jȅste, jȅst (impf., emphatic) je (impf.) bȕdē (pf.)	jèsmo (impf., emphatic) smo (impf.) bȕdēmo (pf.)	jèste (impf., emphatic) ste (impf.) bȕdēte (pf.)	jèsu (impf., emphatic) su (impf.) bȕdū (pf.)
Future	Future I	bȉt ću1 bȉću	bȉt ćeš1 bȉćeš	bȉt će1 bȉće	bȉt ćemo1 bȉćemo	bȉt ćete1 bȉćete	bȉt će1 bȉće
	Future II	bȕdēm bȉo2	bȕdēš bȉo2	bȕdē bȉo2	bȕdēmo bíli2	bȕdēte bíli2	bȕdū bíli2
Past	Perfect	bȉo sam2	bȉo si2	bȉo je2	bíli smo2	bíli ste2	bíli su2
	Pluperfect3	bȉo sam bȉo2	bȉo si bȉo2	bȉo je bȉo2	bíli smo bíli2	bíli ste bíli2	bíli su bíli2
	Aorist	bȉh	bȉ	bȉ	bȉsmo	bȉste	bȉše
	Imperfect	bȉjāh / bjȅh / bȅjāh / bȅh	bȉjāše / bjȅše / bȅjāše / bȅše	bȉjāše / bjȅše / bȅjāše / bȅše	bȉjāsmo / bjȅsmo / bȅjāsmo / bȅsmo	bȉjāste / bjȅste / bȅjāste / bȅste	bȉjāhu / bjȅhu / bȅjāhu / bȅhu
Conditional I		bȉo bih2	bȉo bi2	bȉo bi2	bíli bismo2	bíli biste2	bíli bi2
Conditional II4		bȉo bih bȉo2	bȉo bi bȉo2	bȉo bi bȉo2	bíli bismo bíli2	bíli biste bíli2	bíli bi bíli2
Imperative		—	bȕdi	—	bȕdimo	bȕdite	—
Active past participle		bȉo m / bíla f / bílo n			bíli m / bíle f / bíla n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. 2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. 3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. 4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.   *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Usage notes

• 1st-person singular budem is perfective while 1st-person singular jesam is imperfective. jesam, jesi, jest(e), jesmo, jeste and jesu theoretically constitute a verb whose infinitive was lost before Proto-Slavic and all fell under the umbrella of the infinitive biti during Proto-Slavic. biti is thus simultaneously both imperfective and perfective and has therefore both a present (budući) and a past (bivši) verbal adverb.

Derived terms

• biće
• bistvo
• bit
• bitak
• bitan
• bitnost
• biva
• bivati
• bivovati
• bivstven
• bivstvo
• bivstvovati
• jesnost
• jestan
• jestiti
• jestvo
• prebivalac
• prebivalište
• prebivati
• prvobitan
• prvobitnost
• samobitan
• samobitnost
• snebiti se
• snebivati se
• zabat
• zbilja
• zbiljnost
• zbiti se
• zbivati se

 

Further reading

• Đuro Daničić, editor (1880–1882), “bȉti”, in Rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika‎^[1] (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 1, Zagreb: JAZU, page 342

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *biti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyH-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bîti/
• Hyphenation: bi‧ti

Verb

bȉti impf (Cyrillic spelling би̏ти)

1. (transitive) to beat, hit, strike

   Synonyms: tȗći, ùdarati

Conjugation

Conjugation of biti

Infinitive: biti		Present verbal adverb: bȉjūći		Past verbal adverb: —		Verbal noun: bìjēnje
Number		Singular			Plural
Person		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Verbal forms		ja	ti	on / ona / ono	mi	vi	oni / one / ona
Present		bijem	biješ	bije	bijemo	bijete	biju
Future	Future I	bit ću1 biću	bit ćeš1 bićeš	bit će1 biće	bit ćemo1 bićemo	bit ćete1 bićete	bit će1 biće
	Future II	bȕdēm bio2	bȕdēš bio2	bȕdē bio2	bȕdēmo bili2	bȕdēte bili2	bȕdū bili2
Past	Perfect	bio sam2	bio si2	bio je2	bili smo2	bili ste2	bili su2
	Pluperfect3	bȉo sam bio2	bȉo si bio2	bȉo je bio2	bíli smo bili2	bíli ste bili2	bíli su bili2
	Imperfect	bijah	bijaše	bijaše	bijasmo	bijaste	bijahu
Conditional I		bio bih2	bio bi2	bio bi2	bili bismo2	bili biste2	bili bi2
Conditional II4		bȉo bih bio2	bȉo bi bio2	bȉo bi bio2	bíli bismo bili2	bíli biste bili2	bíli bi bili2
Imperative		—	bij	—	bijmo	bijte	—
Active past participle		bio m / bila f / bilo n			bili m / bile f / bila n
Passive past participle		bijen m / bijena f / bijeno n			bijeni m / bijene f / bijena n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic. 2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively. 3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped. 4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.   *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

• izbìjāč
• izbíjati
• ìzbiti
• ìzbojak
• nabìjāč
• nabìjača
• nabíjati
• nabìjenōst
• nàbiti
• nábōjnjača
• obìjāč
• obíjati
• òbiti
• odbìjāč
• odbíjati
• odbijènica
• odbítak
• òdbiti
• ȍdbōjan
• òdbōjka
• òdbōjnīk
• odbójnōst
• pòbiti
• podbíjati
• pòdbiti
• prebíjati
• prèbiti
• pribíjati
• prìbiti
• príboj
• prijéboj
• probìjāč
• probíjati
• pròbiti
• próboj
• pròbojac
• próbōjan
• probójnōst
• razbìjāč
• razbíjati
• razbìjenōst
• ràzbiti
• rázboj
• rázbojīšte
• rázbōjnīk
• rázbōjnīštvo
• rázbōjstvo
• sabìjāč
• sabíjati
• sàbiti
• spodbijati
• spòdbiti
• suzbíjati
• sùzbiti
• ubìjāč
• ubíjati
• ùbilac
• ȕbitačan
• ȕbitačnōst
• ùbiti
• úboj
• ùbojica
• ùbojit
• ùbojitōst
• ùbōjnī
• ùbōjstvo
• ùzbiti
• zabijač
• zabíjati
• zȁbīt
• zȁbītan
• zàbiti
• zȁbītnōst
• zȁbītōst
• zbìjāč
• zbíjati
• zbìjen
• zbìjenōst
• zbȉti

 

Further reading

• Đuro Daničić, editor (1880–1882), “bȉti”, in Rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika‎^[2] (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 1, Zagreb: JAZU, page 338

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Slovene

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *byti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bìːti/
• Hyphenation: bí‧ti

Verb

bíti impf

1. to be

   On je moj prijatelj. ― He is my friend.

Inflection

Class I, accentual type IIC (accent is on different vowels in infinitive and present indicative), imperfective

Infinitive bíti (ø-ti), irregular accent, suppletive, additional form for conditional

Long infinitive (usually only written, except in very formal contexts)		bíti
Short infinitive (in spoken formal language, colloquial)		bȉt, bȋt
Supine		bȉt, bȋt
l-participle
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	bȋł	bilȁ, bȋla	bilọ̑, bilȍ, bȋlo
dual	bilȁ, bȋla	bilȉ, bȋli	bilȉ, bȋli
plural	bilȋ, bilȉ, bȋli	bilȅ, bilẹ̑, bȋle	bilȁ, bȋla
n-/t-participle (passive participle)
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	–	–	–
dual	–	–	–
plural	–	–	–
š-participle
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	bȋvši	bȋvša	bȋvše
dual	bȋvša	bȋvši	bȋvši
plural	bȋvši	bȋvše	bȋvša
conditional forms
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	bi, bȉstressed	bi, bȉstressed	bi, bȉstressed
dual	bi, bȉstressed	bi, bȉstressed	bi, bȉstressed
plural	bi, bȉstressed	bi, bȉstressed	bi, bȉstressed
adverbial š-participle		bȋvši
True gerund		bītje
Objectified gerund		bītje

Present stem səm (-ø-m), athematic, irregular accent, suppletive, special future and negative present forms

Present indicative
	singular	dual	plural
1st person	səm, sə̏mstressed	sva, svȁstressed, sma, smȁstressed	smo, smȍstressed
2nd person	si, sȉstressed	sta, stȁstressed	ste, stȅstressed
3rd person	je, jȅstressed	sta, stȁstressed	so, sȍstressed
Negative present indicative
	singular	dual	plural
1st person	nísəm	nísva, nísma	nísmo
2nd person	nísi	nísta	níste
3rd person	ní	nísta	níso
Future indicative
	singular	dual	plural
1st person	bom, bọ̑mstressed, bodem, bọ̄demstressed	bova, bọ̑vastressed, bodeva, bọ̄devastressed, boma, bọ̑mastressed	bomo, bọ̑mostressed, bodemo, bọ̄demostressed
2nd person	boš, bọ̑šstressed, bodeš, bọ̄dešstressed	bosta, bọ̑stastressed, bodeta, bọ̄detastressed, bota, bọ̑tastressed, bodesta, bọ̄destastressed	boste, bọ̑stestressed, bodete, bọ̄detestressed, bote, bọ̑testressed, bodeste, bọ̄destestressed
3rd person	bo, bọ̑stressed, bode, bọ̄destressed	bosta, bọ̑stastressed, bodeta, bọ̄detastressed, bota, bọ̑tastressed, bodesta, bọ̄destastressed	bodo, bọ̑dostressed, bọ̑jo, bodejo, bọ̄dejostressed
Imperative
	singular	dual	plural
1st person	bọ́di	bọ́diva, bodȋva, bọ́dima, bodȋma	bọ́dimo, bodȋmo
2nd person	bọ́di	bọ́dita, bodȋta	bọ́dite, bodȋte
3rd person	bọ́di	bọ́dita, bodȋta	–
č-participle
	masculine	feminine	neuter
singular	bijọ̄č, ✝bodoč[acc?]	bijọ́ča, ✝bodoča[acc?]	bijọ́če, ✝bodoče[acc?]
dual	bijọ́ča, ✝bodoča[acc?]	bijọ́či, ✝bodoči[acc?]	bijọ́či, ✝bodoči[acc?]
plural	bijọ́či, ✝bodoči[acc?]	bijọ́če, ✝bodoče[acc?]	bijọ́ča, ✝bodoča[acc?]
adverbial participles
č-participle		bijọ̄č, ✝bodoč[acc?]
e-participle		–

Derived terms

• prebíti

Further reading

• Maks Pleteršnik, editor (1894), “bíti”, in Slovensko-nemški slovar (in Slovene), volume 1, Ljubljana: Knezoškofijstvo, page 28

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *biti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyH-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bìːti/
• Hyphenation: bí‧ti

Verb

bíti impf

1. to beat

Inflection

Vowel + -ti -jem (AP a)
infinitive	bíti
1st singular	bȋjem
infinitive	bíti			bȋt, bȉt
supine	bȋt
verbal noun	bítje
	participle			converb
present	bijọ̄č			—
past	bȋt			—
l-participle	masculine		feminine		neuter
singular	bȉł		bíla		bílo
dual	bíla		bíli		bíli
plural	bíli		bíle		bíla
	present			imperative
1st singular	bȋjem			—
2nd singular	bȋješ			bīj
3rd singular	bȋje			—
1st dual	bȋjeva			bȋjva
2nd dual	bȋjeta			bȋjta
3rd dual	bȋjeta			—
1st plural	bȋjemo			bȋjmo
2nd plural	bȋjete			bȋjte
3rd plural	bȋjejo, bijọ́			—

Derived terms

• izbíti
• nabíti
• odbíti
• pobíti
• prebíti
• pribíti
• razbíti
• ubíti
• zabíti

 

Further reading

• “biti”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• Maks Pleteršnik, editor (1894), “bíti”, in Slovensko-nemški slovar (in Slovene), volume 1, Ljubljana: Knezoškofijstvo, page 28

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Turkish

Noun

biti

1. accusative singular of bit
2. third-person singular possessive of bit

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Welsh

Alternative forms

• boiti, bwti, bwyti, byti, bythdi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbɪtɪ/
• IPA^(key): /ˈbɪti/

Preposition

biti

1. Alternative form of obeutu (“about”)

Adverb

biti

1. Alternative form of obeutu (“about”)

See also

• ambiti (“about”)

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West Makian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbi.t̪i/

Verb

biti

1. to bail water

References

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎^[3], Pacific linguistics