leiden

See also: Leiden

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch leiden, from Old Dutch leiden, from Proto-Germanic *laidijaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlɛi̯də(n)/
• Rhymes: -ɛi̯dən

• Audio:

  (file)

• Homophones: lijden, Leiden

Verb

leiden

1. (transitive) to lead, to take the lead
2. (transitive) to guide
3. (intransitive) to lead, to go, to follow a path to

   Alle wegen leiden naar Rome.

   All roads lead to Rome.

Inflection

Conjugation of leiden (weak)
infinitive	leiden
past singular	leidde
past participle	geleid
infinitive	leiden
gerund	leiden n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	leid	leidde
2nd person sing. (jij)	leidt, leid2	leidde
2nd person sing. (u)	leidt	leidde
2nd person sing. (gij)	leidt	leidde
3rd person singular	leidt	leidde
plural	leiden	leidden
subjunctive sing.1	leide	leidde
subjunctive plur.1	leiden	leidden
imperative sing.	leid
imperative plur.1	leidt
participles	leidend	geleid
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

• leider
• leiding
• afleiden
• geleiden
• herleiden
• omleiden
• opleiden
• verleiden
• wegleiden
• voorleiden
• leidraad

Anagrams

• deel in, dele in, indeel, indele, lieden

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Finnish

Etymology 1

Noun

leiden

1. (deprecated template usage) genitive plural of lei

Etymology 2

Noun

leiden

1. (deprecated template usage) genitive plural of lee

Anagrams

• lieden

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German

Etymology

From Middle High German līden, from Old High German līdan, from Proto-Germanic *līþaną. Cognate with Dutch lijden, English lithe. The sense developed from “go, travel” via “endure” to “suffer”. This happened under the influence of the originally unrelated noun Leid (“sorrow”), which is cognate with English loath.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlaɪ̯dən/, [ˈlaɪ̯dn̩]

• audio:

  (file)

Verb

1. (transitive) to bear; to endure; to undergo (some hardship)

   Lerne leiden ohne zu klagen.

   Learn to suffer without complaining.

2. (intransitive) to suffer; to feel pain
3. (intransitive) to suffer (from; a disease)
   • 2012 April 20, Die Welt [1], page 22:

     Durch Passivrauchen steigt bei Kindern das Risiko, dass sie als Erwachsene an einer chronisch-obstruktiven Lungenerkrankung leiden.

     By passive smoking, the risk increases in children that they suffer from chronic obstructive lung disease as adults.

Derived terms

• durchleiden
• erleiden
• Leiden
• Leidenschaft
• mitleiden
• verleiden

Related terms

• Leid (this and the following are related by secondary association only)
• leid
• leider

Further reading

• “leiden” in Duden online

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Luxembourgish

Etymology

From Old High German līdan, from Proto-Germanic *līþaną. Cognate with German leiden, Dutch lijden, English lithe, Icelandic líða. Related to leeden.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlɑɪ̯dən/
• Rhymes: -ɑɪdən

Verb

leiden (third-person singular present leit, past participle gelidden, auxiliary verb hunn)

1. (intransitive) to suffer, to feel pain
2. (transitive) to bear, to suffer, to endure

Conjugation

Regular
infinitive	leiden
participle	gelidden
auxiliary	hunn
	present indicative	imperative
1st singular	leiden	—
2nd singular	leits	leit
3rd singular	leit	—
1st plural	leiden	—
2nd plural	leit	leit
3rd plural	leiden	—
(n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel.

Derived terms

• erleiden

Related terms

• Leed

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Middle Dutch

Etymology 1

From Old Dutch leiden, from Proto-Germanic *laidijaną.

Verb

leiden

1. to lead, to bring
2. to lead, to guide, to conduct

Inflection

Weak
Infinitive	leiden
3rd sg. past	—
3rd pl. past	—
Past participle	—
Infinitive	leiden
In genitive	leidens
In dative	leidene
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	leide	—
2nd singular	leits, leides	—
3rd singular	leit, leidet	—
1st plural	leiden	—
2nd plural	leit, leidet	—
3rd plural	leiden	—
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	leide	—
2nd singular	leits, leides	—
3rd singular	leide	—
1st plural	leiden	—
2nd plural	leit, leidet	—
3rd plural	leiden	—
Imperative	Present
Singular	leit, leide
Plural	leit, leidet
	Present	Past
Participle	leidende	—

Alternative forms

• lêden

Descendants

• Dutch: leiden
• Limburgish: leide, leie, lèèje

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

leiden ?

1. Leiden (a city)

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Dutch: Leiden

Further reading

• “leiden (I)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• “leiden (III)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “leiden (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I

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Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *laidijaną.

Verb

leiden

1. to lead, to bring

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: leiden
  • Dutch: leiden
  • Limburgish: leide, leie, lèèje

Further reading

• “lēden”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012