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===Alternative forms===
===Alternative forms===
* In [[Traditional Chinese]] (Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau), Japanese [[kanji]] and Korean [[hanja]], the inner component on the top of the character is drawn with two strokes both starting from the center, and positioned to the right ({{lang|mul|◲}}) (<span style="font-size:large">{{lang|mul|sc=Hant|⾻}}</span>, <span style="font-size:large">{{lang|mul|sc=Hant|骨}}</span>), which is the orthodox form found in the historical [[w:Kangxi dictionary|Kangxi dictionary]].
* In [[Traditional Chinese]] (Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau), Japanese [[kanji]] and Korean [[hanja]], the inner component on the top of the character is drawn with two strokes both starting from the center, and positioned to the right ({{lang|mul|◲}}) (<span style="font-size:large">{{lang|mul|sc=Hant|⾻}}</span>, <span style="font-size:large">{{lang|mul|sc=Hant|骨}}</span>, <span style="font-size:large">{{lang|mul|sc=Jpan|骨}}</span>), which is the orthodox form found in the historical [[w:Kangxi dictionary|Kangxi dictionary]].
* In mainland China (based on [[w:Xin Zixing|''Xin Zixing'']] ({{lw|zh|新字形}}) standardized form) and Vietnamese [[Nôm]], the inner component on the top of the character is drawn with a single stroke starting from the left, and positioned to the left ({{lang|mul|◱}}) (<span style="font-size:large">{{lang|mul|sc=Hans|骨}}</span>).
* In mainland China (based on [[w:Xin Zixing|''Xin Zixing'']] ({{lw|zh|新字形}}) standardized form) and Vietnamese [[Nôm]], the inner component on the top of the character is drawn with a single stroke starting from the left, and positioned to the left ({{lang|mul|◱}}) (<span style="font-size:large">{{lang|mul|sc=Hans|骨}}</span>).
* In mainland China (''Xin Zixing''), Hong Kong and Macau ([[Traditional Chinese]]), Japanese [[kanji]], Korean [[hanja]] and Vietnamese [[Nôm]], the bottom component is written in the form of <span style="font-size:large">{{l|mul|⺝}}</span> (similar to {{l|mul|月}} but the leftmost stroke is vertical {{l|mul|丨}} and not curved {{l|mul|丿}}), which is the orthodox form found in the [[w:Kangxi dictionary|Kangxi dictionary]].
* In mainland China (''Xin Zixing''), Hong Kong and Macau ([[Traditional Chinese]]), Japanese [[kanji]], Korean [[hanja]] and Vietnamese [[Nôm]], the bottom component is written in the form of <span style="font-size:large">{{l|mul|⺝}}</span> (similar to {{l|mul|月}} but the leftmost stroke is vertical {{l|mul|丨}} and not curved {{l|mul|丿}}), which is the orthodox form found in the [[w:Kangxi dictionary|Kangxi dictionary]].
* In Taiwan (Traditional Chinese), the bottom component is written in the form of <span style="font-size:large">{{l|mul|⺼}}</span> (meat radical, similar to {{l|mul|月}} where the leftmost stroke is curved {{l|mul|丿}} but the two horizontal strokes enclosed within are written {{l|mul|冫}} instead).
* In Taiwan (Traditional Chinese), the bottom component is written in the form of <span style="font-size:large">{{l|mul|⺼}}</span> (meat radical, similar to {{l|mul|月}} where the leftmost stroke is curved {{l|mul|丿}} but the two horizontal strokes enclosed within are written {{l|mul|冫}} instead).
* Due to [[w:Han unification|Han unification]], this character may or may not appear different, depending on the fonts available:
* Due to [[w:Han unification|Han unification]], this character may or may not appear different, depending on the fonts available:
** Taiwan: <span style="font-size:large">{{lang|mul|sc=Hant|骨}}</span>; Mainland China: <span style="font-size:large">{{lang|mul|sc=Hans|骨}}</span>; Japan, Korea, Hong Kong and Macau: <span style="font-size:large">{{lang|mul|sc=Jpan|骨}}</span>.
** Taiwan: <span style="font-size:large">{{lang|mul|sc=Hant|骨}}</span>; Mainland China: <span style="font-size:large">{{lang|mul|sc=Hans|骨}}</span>; Hong Kong and Macau, Japan, Korea: <span style="font-size:large">{{lang|mul|sc=Jpan|骨}}</span>.


===Han character===
===Han character===

Revision as of 23:19, 3 May 2024

骨 U+9AA8, &#39592;
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9AA8
← 骧
[U+9AA7] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 骩 →
[U+9AA9]
⾻ U+2FBB, &#12219;
KANGXI RADICAL BONE
← ⾺
[U+2FBA] 		Kangxi Radicals ⾼ →
[U+2FBC]
⻣ U+2EE3, &#12003;
CJK RADICAL BONE
← ⻢
[U+2EE2] 		CJK Radicals Supplement ⻤ →
[U+2EE4]

Translingual

Traditional 骨
Simplified 骨
Japanese 骨
Korean 骨
Stroke order
(Mainland China)
Stroke order
(Taiwan)
Stroke order
(Japan)

Alternative forms

  • In Traditional Chinese (Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau), Japanese kanji and Korean hanja, the inner component on the top of the character is drawn with two strokes both starting from the center, and positioned to the right (◲) (⾻, 骨, 骨), which is the orthodox form found in the historical Kangxi dictionary.
  • In mainland China (based on Xin Zixing (新字形) standardized form) and Vietnamese Nôm, the inner component on the top of the character is drawn with a single stroke starting from the left, and positioned to the left (◱) (骨).
  • In mainland China (Xin Zixing), Hong Kong and Macau (Traditional Chinese), Japanese kanji, Korean hanja and Vietnamese Nôm, the bottom component is written in the form of ⺝ (similar to 月 but the leftmost stroke is vertical 丨 and not curved 丿), which is the orthodox form found in the Kangxi dictionary.
  • In Taiwan (Traditional Chinese), the bottom component is written in the form of ⺼ (meat radical, similar to 月 where the leftmost stroke is curved 丿 but the two horizontal strokes enclosed within are written 冫 instead).
  • Due to Han unification, this character may or may not appear different, depending on the fonts available:
    • Taiwan: 骨; Mainland China: 骨; Hong Kong and Macau, Japan, Korea: 骨.

Han character

See images of
Radical 188 骨

骨 (Kangxi radical 188, 骨+0, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese, Japanese and Korean, 9 strokes in mainland China, cangjie input 月月月 (BBB), four-corner 77227, composition ⿱⿵⿰丨𠃍𠃍肎(GV) or ⿱⿵⿰丨𠃍⿰丨一肎(HTJK))

  1. Kangxi radical #188, ⾻.
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №134

Derived characters

Further reading

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1447, character 25
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45098
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1973, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4406, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9AA8

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 骨
Shang Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (骨) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
顝 *kʰuːl, *kʰuːlʔ, *kʰuːd
滑 *ɡruːd, *kuːd, *ɡuːd
猾 *ɡruːd
磆 *ɡruːd
螖 *ɡruːd
鶻 *ɡruːd, *kuːd, *ɡuːd
嗗 *qruːd
骨 *kuːd
縎 *kuːd
愲 *kuːd
蓇 *kuːd
尳 *kuːd, *ɡuːd
榾 *kuːd
搰 *ɡuːd
核 *ɡuːd, *ɡrɯːɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 冎 (“skull”) + ⺼ (“body”).

Etymology 1

trad. 骨
simp. # 骨

Usually related to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/m/g-rus (“bone”), whence Tibetan རུས (rus), Nuosu ꃷꅍ (vup ddu), S'gaw Karen တၢ်ဃံ (ta̱xee), but there is no trace of a medial *r in Chinese (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Lua error in Module:wuu-pron at line 157: Incorrect tone notation "4" for sh. See WT:AZH/Wu.

Definitions

骨

  1. (anatomy) bone
  2. (anatomy) skeleton
  3. (figurative) frame; framework
  4. (figurative) moral character
  5. (Cantonese) sarcasm
    佢句句說話都有骨 [Cantonese, trad.]
    佢句句说话都有骨 [Cantonese, simp.]
    keoi5 geoi3 geoi3 syut3 waa6 dou1 jau5 gwat1 [Jyutping]
    All his sentences are sarcastic.
  6. a surname: Gu
Synonyms
  • (moral character):

Compounds

Etymology 2

trad. 骨
simp. # 骨
alternative forms 嗗

From English quarter.

Pronunciation

Definitions

骨

  1. (Cantonese) quarter of an hour; 15 minutes (Classifier: 個／个 c)
    三點一個骨／三点一个骨 [Cantonese]  ―  saam1 dim2 jat1 go3 gwat1 [Jyutping]  ―  quarter past three
    五點三個骨／五点三个骨 [Cantonese]  ―  ng5 dim2 saam1 go3 gwat1 [Jyutping]  ―  quarter to six (literally three quarters past five)
  2. (Cantonese) one fourth; a quarter

Japanese

Kanji

骨

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. skeleton
  2. bone

Readings

Compounds

Compounds

Etymology 1

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
骨 (hone): a bone.
Kanji in this term
骨
ほね
Grade: 6
kun'yomi

/pone/ → /ɸone/ → /hone/

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pənay.

Pronunciation

Noun

骨(ほね) • (hone) 

  1. bone

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
骨
かわら
Grade: 6
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
䯊 (rare)

/kapara/ → /kaɸara/ → /kawara/

Probably from Sanskrit कपाल (kapāla, “cup, bowl, skull”). Cognate with 瓦 (kawara, “tile, particularly for roofing or flooring”).[2]

Pronunciation

Noun

骨(かわら) • (kawara) ←かはら (kafara)?

  1. (archaic, rare) a bone, particularly a covering bone such as a skull or kneecap

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
骨
こつ
Grade: 6
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 骨 (MC kwot, “bone”).

The knack sense comes from the idea of the bones as the innermost core or essence of something.

Pronunciation

Noun

骨(こつ) • (kotsu) 

  1. remains, ashes
  2. コツ: knack, trick
    ネイルのコツ
    neiru no kotsu
    tricks and tips for doing one's nails

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 骨 (MC kwot).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 고ᇙ〮 (Yale: kwólq)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1] ᄲᅧ〮 (Yale: spyé) 골〮 (Yale: kwól)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

骨 (eumhun 뼈 골 (ppyeo gol))

  1. hanja form? of 골 (“bone”)

Compounds

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Okinawan

Kanji

骨

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Etymology 1

From Proto-Ryukyuan *pone, from earlier Proto-Japonic *pənay. Cognate with Japanese 骨 (hone, “bone”).

Noun

骨(ふに) (funi) 

  1. bone
  2. frame (of a sliding paper door, etc)
  3. stem, stalk

Etymology 2

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 骨 (MC kwot, “bone”).

Noun

骨(くち) or 骨(くし) (kuchi or kushi) 

  1. remains, ashes

Vietnamese

Han character

骨: Hán Việt readings: cốt[1][2][3][4][5][6]
骨: Nôm readings: cốt[1][2][3], cót[1][3], cút[1][3], cọt[3], gút[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of cốt (“bone (compounds), extracted, condensed”).

Compounds

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Trần (2004).
  4. ^ Trần (1999).
  5. ^ Nguyễn (1974).
  6. ^ Thiều Chửu (1942).
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