骨

骨 U+9AA8, 骨 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9AA8 ← 骧 [U+9AA7] CJK Unified Ideographs 骩 → [U+9AA9]

⾻ U+2FBB, ⾻ KANGXI RADICAL BONE ← ⾺ [U+2FBA] Kangxi Radicals ⾼ → [U+2FBC]

⻣ U+2EE3, ⻣ CJK RADICAL BONE ← ⻢ [U+2EE2] CJK Radicals Supplement ⻤ → [U+2EE4]

Translingual

Traditional	骨
Simplified	骨
Japanese	骨
Korean	骨

Stroke order (Mainland China)

Stroke order (Taiwan)

Stroke order (Japan)

Alternative forms

• In Traditional Chinese (Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau), Japanese kanji and Korean hanja, the inner component on the top of the character is positioned to the right (◲) (⾻), which is the orthodox form found in the historical Kangxi dictionary.
• In mainland China (based on Xin Zixing (新字形) standardized form) and Vietnamese Nôm, the inner component on the top of the character is positioned to the left (◱) (骨).
• In mainland China (Xin Zixing), Hong Kong and Macau (Traditional Chinese), Japanese kanji, Korean hanja and Vietnamese Nôm, the bottom component is written in the form of ⺝ (similar to 月 but the leftmost stroke is vertical 丨 and not curved 丿), which is the orthodox form found in the Kangxi dictionary.
• In Taiwan (Traditional Chinese), the bottom component is written in the form of ⺼ (meat radical, similar to 月 where the leftmost stroke is curved 丿 but the two horizontal strokes enclosed within are written 冫 instead).
• Due to Han unification, this character may or may not appear different, depending on the fonts available:
  • Taiwan: 骨; Mainland China: 骨; Japan, Korea, Hong Kong and Macau: 骨.

Han character

骨 (Kangxi radical 188, 骨+0, 10 strokes in traditional Chinese, Japanese and Korean, 9 strokes in mainland China, cangjie input 月月月 (BBB), four-corner 7722₇, composition ⿱⿵⿰丨𠃍𠃍肎(GV) or ⿱⿵⿰丨𠃍⿰丨一肎(HTJK))

1. Kangxi radical #188, ⾻.
2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №134

Derived characters

• Appendix:Chinese radical/骨
• 傦, 嗗, 尳, 𡻋, 𭘱, 愲, 搰, 滑, 猾, 𡰅, 榾, 𣨺, 𤚱, 𦞽, 𥛔, 𥉄, 磆, 𥠳, 𧜓, 𠬒, 縎(𦈔), 𦎰, 𦖼, 螖, 𧳸, 𧽌, 𨃴, 𨉦, 𨍾, 𨪷, 餶(馉), 䮩, 䱻(𮬡), 𪄥, 𬛟, 𬗁, 䶤
• 𠞡, 𩀜, 顝, 鶻(鹘), 蓇, 𥱪, 𩄨, 𥐒, 㾶, 𤼑

Further reading

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1447, character 25
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45098
• Dae Jaweon: page 1973, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4406, character 1
• Unihan data for U+9AA8

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Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 骨
Shang		Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Oracle bone script	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (骨) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
顝	*kʰuːl, *kʰuːlʔ, *kʰuːd
滑	*ɡruːd, *kuːd, *ɡuːd
猾	*ɡruːd
磆	*ɡruːd
螖	*ɡruːd
鶻	*ɡruːd, *kuːd, *ɡuːd
嗗	*qruːd
骨	*kuːd
縎	*kuːd
愲	*kuːd
蓇	*kuːd
尳	*kuːd, *ɡuːd
榾	*kuːd
搰	*ɡuːd
核	*ɡuːd, *ɡrɯːɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 冎 (“skull”) + ⺼ (“body”).

Etymology 1

trad.		骨
simp. #		骨

Usually related to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/m/g-rus (“bone”), whence Tibetan རུས (rus), Nuosu ꃷꅍ (vup ddu), S'gaw Karen တၢ်ဃံ (ta̱xee), but there is no trace of a medial *r in Chinese (Schuessler, 2007).

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 骨

1. (anatomy) bone
2. skeleton; frame; framework
3. moral character
4. a surname

Synonyms

• (bone): 骨頭／骨头 (gǔtou); (Min Dong) 骨骨

Etymology 2

trad.		骨
simp. #		骨
alternative forms		嗗

From English quarter.

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gwat¹

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• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gwat¹
    • Yale: gwāt
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gwat⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: gued¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɐt̚⁵/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 骨

1. (Cantonese) quarter of an hour; 15 minutes (Classifier: 個／个 c)

   三點一個骨／三点一个骨 [Cantonese]  ―  saam¹ dim² jat¹ go³ gwat¹ [Jyutping]  ―  quarter past three

   五點三個骨／五点三个骨 [Cantonese]  ―  ng⁵ dim² saam¹ go³ gwat¹ [Jyutping]  ―  quarter to six (literally three quarters past five)

2. (Cantonese) one fourth; a quarter

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

骨

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. skeleton
2. bone

Readings

• Go-on: こち (kochi)^{←こち (koti, historical)}
• Kan-on: こつ (kotsu, Jōyō)^{←こつ (kotu, historical)}
• Kun: ほね (hone, 骨, Jōyō)^{←ほね (fone, ほね, historical)}; かわら (kawara)^{←かはら (kafara, historical)}

Compounds

Compounds

• 鐙(あぶみ)骨(こつ) (abumikotsu), 鐙(とう)骨(こつ) (tōkotsu): stapes
• 陰(いん)茎(けい)骨(こつ) (inkeikotsu): baculum
• 烏(う)喙(かい)骨(こつ) (ukaikotsu): coracoid (bone)
• 烏(う)口(こう)骨(こつ) (ukōkotsu): coracoid (bone)
• 烏(う)骨(こっ)鶏(けい) (ukokkei): silky, silkie (breed of chicken)
• 烏(う)啄(たく)骨(こつ) (utakukotsu): coracoid (bone)
• 顴(かん)骨(こつ) (kankotsu), 顴(けん)骨(こつ) (kenkotsu): cheekbone
• 砧(きぬた)骨(こつ) (kinutakotsu), 砧(ちん)骨(こつ) (chinkotsu): incus
• 胸(きょう)骨(こつ) (kyōkotsu): sternum, breastbone
• 頬(きょう)骨(こつ) (kyōkotsu): cheekbone
• 距(きょ)骨(こつ) (kyokotsu): anklebone
• 鯨(げい)骨(こつ) (geikotsu): whale bone
• 楔(けつ)状(じょう)骨(こつ) (ketsujōkotsu): cuneiform bone
• 肩(けん)甲(こう)骨(こつ) (kenkōkotsu), 肩(けん)胛(こう)骨(こつ) (kenkōkotsu): shoulder blade
• 骨(こっ)格(かく) (kokkaku): skeleton; framework; physique, build
• 骨(こっ)角(かく) (kokkaku): bone and horn; a protruding, horn-like bone
• 骨(こっ)子(し) (kosshi): the gist, the main point
• 骨(こっ)折(せつ) (kossetsu): a bone fracture, a broken bone
• 骨(こっ)頂(ちょう) (kotchō): (metaphorical) the height or pinnacle of something, such as "the height of folly"
• 骨(こっ)董(とう) (kottō): an antique; something ancient and anachronistic, something very old-fashioned
• 骨(こっ)董(とう)品(ひん) (kottōhin): an antique; something ancient and anachronistic, something very old-fashioned
• 骨(こっ)牌(ぱい) (koppai): a certain kind of traditional Japanese playing card; a certain mah-jongg tile depicting animal bones
• 骨(こつ)盤(ばん) (kotsuban): the pelvis
• 鎖(さ)骨(こつ) (sakotsu): clavicle
• 坐(ざ)骨(こつ) (zakotsu): ischium
• 肢(し)骨(こつ) (shikotsu): appendicular bone
• 指(し)骨(こつ) (shikotsu): phalanx
• 趾(し)骨(こつ) (shikotsu): phalanx (toe bone)
• 歯(し)骨(こつ) (shikotsu): dentary bone
• 篩(し)骨(こつ) (shikotsu): ethmoid bone
• 嘴(し)骨(こつ) (shikotsu): rostral bone
• 膝(しつ)蓋(がい)骨(こつ) (shitsugaikotsu): kneecap
• 尺(しゃっ)骨(こつ) (shakkotsu): ulna
• 踵(しょう)骨(こつ) (shōkotsu): heel bone
• 顳(しょう)顬(じゅ)骨(こつ) (shōjukotsu): temporal bone
• 鋤(じょ)骨(こつ) (jokotsu): vomer bone
• 脊(せき)椎(つい)骨(こつ) (sekitsuikotsu): vertebra
• 接(せっ)骨(こつ) (sekkotsu): bonesetting
• 舌(ぜつ)骨(こつ) (zetsukotsu): hyoid bone
• 仙(せん)骨(こつ) (senkotsu): sacrum
• 側(そく)頭(とう)骨(こつ) (sokutōkotsu): temporal bone
• 大(だい)腿(たい)骨(こつ) (daitaikotsu): femur
• 恥(ち)骨(こつ) (chikotsu): pubis
• 蝶(ちょう)形(けい)骨(こつ) (chōkeikotsu): sphenoid bone
• 椎(つい)骨(こつ) (tsuikotsu): vertebra
• 槌(つち)骨(こつ) (tsuchikotsu), 槌(つい)骨(こつ) (tsuikotsu): malleus
• 蹄(てい)骨(こつ) (teikotsu): coffin bone
• 橈(とう)骨(こつ) (tōkotsu): radius
• 頭(とう)骨(こつ) (tōkotsu): skull
• 頭(とう)蓋(がい)骨(こつ) (tōgaikotsu), 頭(ず)蓋(がい)骨(こつ) (zugaikotsu): cranium
• 腓(ひ)骨(こつ) (hikotsu): fibula
• 尾(び)骨(こつ) (bikotsu): coccyx, tailbone
• 尾(び)骶(てい)骨(こつ) (biteikotsu): coccyx, tailbone
• 尾(び)閭(りょ)骨(こつ) (biryokotsu): coccyx, tailbone
• 涙(るい)骨(こつ) (ruikotsu): lacrimal bone
• 肋(ろっ)骨(こつ) (rokkotsu): rib
• 背(せ)骨(ぼね) (sebone): backbone

Etymology 1

骨 (hone): a bone.

Kanji in this term
骨
ほね Grade: 6
kun'yomi

/pone/ → /ɸone/ → /hone/

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pənay.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ほね [hònéꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [ho̞ne̞]

Noun

骨(ほね) • (hone) 

1. bone

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
骨
かわら Grade: 6
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
䯊 (rare)

/kapara/ → /kaɸara/ → /kawara/

Probably from Sanskrit कपाल (kapāla, “cup, bowl, skull”). Cognate with 瓦 (kawara, “tile, particularly for roofing or flooring”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ka̠β̞a̠ɾa̠]

Noun

骨(かわら) • (kawara) ^{←かはら (kafara)?}

1. (archaic, rare) a bone, particularly a covering bone such as a skull or kneecap

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
骨
こつ Grade: 6
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 骨 (MC kwot, “bone”).

The knack sense comes from the idea of the bones as the innermost core or essence of something.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) こつ [kòtsú] (Heiban – [0]) (remains, ashes)
• (Tokyo) こつ [kòtsúꜜ] (Odaka – [2]) (knack)
• IPA^(key): [ko̞t͡sɨ]

Noun

骨(こつ) • (kotsu) 

1. remains, ashes
2. knack, trick

   ネイルのコツ

   neiru no kotsu

   tricks and tips for doing one's nails

Alternative forms

• (knack, trick): コツ (kotsu)

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Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 骨 (MC kwot).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	고ᇙ〮 (Yale: kwólq)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1]	ᄲᅧ〮 (Yale: spyé)	골〮 (Yale: kwól)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ko̞ɭ]
• Phonetic hangul: [골]

Hanja

Wikisource

骨 (eumhun 뼈 골 (ppyeo gol))

1. hanja form^? of 골 (“bone”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 골자 (骨子, golja)
• 해골 (骸骨, haegol)
• 노골 (露骨, nogol)
• 유골 (遺骨, yugol)
• 골격 (骨格, golgyeok)
• 백골 (白骨, baekgol)
• 연골 (軟骨, yeon'gol)
• 척골 (脊骨, cheokgol)
• 골수 (骨髓, golsu)
• 골절 (骨折, goljeol)
• 흉골 (胸骨, hyunggol)
• 골간 (骨幹, golgan)
• 두개골 (頭蓋骨, dugaegol)
• 음경골 (陰莖骨, eumgyeonggol)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

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Okinawan

Kanji

骨

• Kan-on: くち (kuchi)
• Kun: ふに (funi)

Etymology 1

Cognate with Japanese 骨 (hone, “bone”).

Noun

骨 (hiragana ふに, romaji funi)

1. bone
2. frame (of a sliding paper door, etc)
3. stem, stalk

Etymology 2

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 骨 (MC kwot, “bone”).

Noun

骨 (hiragana くち, romaji kuchi, hiragana くし, romaji kushi)

1. remains, ashes

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Vietnamese

Han character

骨: Hán Việt readings: cốt
骨: Nôm readings: cốt, cót, cút, cọt, gút

1. chữ Hán form of cốt (“bone (compounds), extracted, condensed”).